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Physical Geography of Latin America Chapter 8 Test Review The mountains located along the western edge of South America are the a. b. c. d. Sierra Madre. Andes. Rocky Mountains. Western Highlands. Parallel mountain ranges are called a. b. cordilleras. altiplanos. c. d. estuaries. tierra caliente. Latin America includes Middle America, the Caribbean, and a. b. c. d. Mexico. Cuba. El Salvador. South America. The five vertical climate zones in the highlands of Latin America are determined by a. rainfall. b. distance from the Equator. c. Elevation. d. longitude. Shifting winds and the cold Peru ocean current have combined to create the a. b. c. d. pampas. Atacama Desert. Andes. llanos. The pampas consist primarily of a. b. c. d. grasslands. deserts. forests. rain forests. A(n) ____________________ is a place where an ocean tide meets a river current. a. b. c. d. Escarpment Estuary coast cordillera The Mato Grosso Plateau spreads across a. b. c. d. Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina. Mexico. Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru. Colombia and Venezuela. The area surrounding Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela contains rich deposits of a. b. gold. silver. c. d. tin. oil. The tropical climate of the Amazon Basin results from its location on the Equator and a. b. c. d. altitude. the ocean tides. rainfall. prevailing wind patterns. The plateau of Patagonia is a. b. c. d. wet and lush. temperate, green, and windy. dry, barren, and windy. hot and dry. The __________ is the Western Hemisphere’s longest river. a. b. c. d. Rio Grande Paraná River Amazon River Uruguay River Steppe climate in Latin America has a. cold summers and rainy winters. b. hot summers, cool winters, and light rainfall. c. cool summers, cold winters, and heavy rainfall. d. hot summers, warm winters, and almost no rainfall. Mild climate, fertile soil, and adequate rainfall have attracted people to the ________ for thousands of years. a. b. c. d. Mato Grosso Plateau Mexican Plateau Sierra Madre Atacama Desert Located in the Andes, Lake Titicaca is a. b. c. d. the world's highest navigable lake. Latin America's smallest lake. South America's largest lake. an inlet from the Caribbean Sea. The Amazon Basin contains the world’s largest a. b. c. d. water supply. mountain. rain forest. lake. The Río de la Plata is a large ____________________ where three rivers meet the Atlantic Ocean. a. dam b. llano c. estuary d. highlands The Rio Grande forms part of the border between a. Peru and Colombia. b. Bolivia and Brazil. c. Mexico and the United States. d. Argentina and Uruguay. Which of the following statements about tropical dry regions in Latin America is TRUE? a. Soils are very fertile and suited for largescale agriculture. b. Uruguay and Argentina are characterized by a tropical dry climate. c. Tropical dry areas have mild temperatures and little rainfall. d. Grasslands flourish in many tropical dry areas. Which of the following statements about tropical dry regions in Latin America is TRUE? a. Soils are very fertile and suited for largescale agriculture. b. Uruguay and Argentina are characterized by a tropical dry climate. c. Tropical dry areas have mild temperatures and little rainfall. d. Grasslands flourish in many tropical dry areas. Many Caribbean islands are actually a. b. c. d. archipelagos. volcanic peaks. atolls. lagoons. What attracted settlers to the mountains and plateaus of Latin America? a. cooler climates and rich natural resources b. beautiful scenery and helpful indigenous peoples c. activities such as hunting and fishing d. peace and quiet Major deposits of oil and natural gas are located along the Gulf of Mexico and the a. Pacific Ocean. b. Caribbean Sea. c. Rio Grande. d. Atlantic Ocean. Hundreds of smaller rivers join the Amazon River as it flows to the Pacific Ocean to form the a. b. c. d. Río de la Plata. Brazilian Highlands. Amazon Basin. Mato Grosso Plateau. The eastern highlands of South America plunge to the Atlantic Ocean, forming a steep slope called a(n) a. altiplano. b. plateau. c. estuary. d. escarpment. The _________ in Mexico are a continuation of the Rocky Mountains of North America. a. b. c. d. Sierra Madre Andes Central Highlands Mexican Plateau Latin America’s rugged landscape is caused by a. its location in the Tropics. b. its location along the Ring of Fire. c. continental drift. d. weathering and erosion. Which of the following statements about South America’s rivers is TRUE? a. The rivers provide important commercial water routes between cities in the region. b. The Paraná, Paraguay. and Uruguay Rivers form the largest river system in the world. c. The Paraná, Paraguay, and Uruguay Rivers drain the northern half of South America. d. The rivers of South America are small, while the rivers of Middle America are gigantic. Colombian mines have been producing __________ for thousands of years. a. b. c. d. Emeralds sterling silver Gold bauxite The Panama Canal allows ships to travel between which two bodies of water? a. Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean b. Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico c. Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico d. Atlantic Ocean and Sea of Cortez Latin America’s natural resources are unevenly distributed due to a. lack of capital for development. b. social and political divisions. c. geographic inaccessibility. d. diverse landforms. What is the second largest river system in Latin America? a. the Amazon b. Paraná, Paraguay and Uruguay Rivers c. Lake Titicaca, Lake Maracaibo and the Orinoco River d. Paraná, Paraguay, and Amazon Rivers What mineral is found at the foothills of the Orinoco River in Venezuela? a. copper c. silver b. gold d. emeralds The _______ of South America are a continuation of the Rocky Mountains of North America. a. Andes b. Sierra Madre c. Central Highlands d. Brazilian Highlands South America’s inland grassland areas, the llanos and the pampas, are a source of a. freshwater for irrigation. b. grazing for cattle. c. shelter for small animals. d. fertile soil for crops. Which statement best describes why the Brazilian Highlands are important to farmers? a. Open spaces are ideal for raising livestock. b. Tourists come regularly to vacation. c. People have easy access to transportation and industry. d. Fertile soil is good for growing crops. Which two vertical climate zones are located above the tree line? a. tierra fría and tierra helada b. tierra fría and tierra templada c. tierra helada and puna d. puna and tierra fría Which vertical climate zone is the most densely populated? a. tierra helada c. tierra templada b. tierra fría d. tierra caliente Humid subtropical climates in South America have a. short winters with freezing temperatures and long, hot, humid summers. b. long winters with cool to mild temperatures and long, hot, humid summers. c. long winters with freezing temperatures and short, hot, wet summers. d. short winters with cool to mild temperatures and long, hot, humid summers. Use the excerpt to answer the following question. Here at this one site on the Equator, in about 1,500 acres, scientists have counted 3,000 species of plants, 530 species of birds, nearly 80 species of bats, and 11 species of primates. There are jaguars and other wild cats, tapir, deer, otters, capybaras, and agoutis…. —Virginia Morell, “The Variety of Life,” National Geographic, February 1999 Much of Latin America lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. As a result, vast areas of the region have some form of tropical climate with lush green vegetation. a. Do you think that Morell would support legislation to protect habitats in Latin America? Why or why not? b. How is the tropical wet climate of the Amazon rain forest affected by prevailing winds? c. Briefly describe characteristics of a tropical wet climate.