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The Five Themes
of
Geography
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIqC79WrpKg
1. Location
The place where something
is located on the earth's
surface.
Two Types of Location
Absolute
Relative
A. Absolute Location
•The exact “address” where a
place is found on the earth
•Example - latitude and
longitude
B. Relative Location
Relative location describes a
place in comparison to other
places around it .
•Describe where a place
is located by describing
it using another place.
Examples:
•Katy is west
of Houston, TX
•New Orleans is located
near the mouth of the
Mississippi River
•Tompkins H.S. is about
2 miles from Wood Creek JH
2. Region
How the earth is divided for study.
 Geographers choose how they
will classify the world based on
common characteristics.
3 Types of Regions
Formal
Functional
Perceptual
A. Formal Region
•Characterized by a common
human or physical property
such as political identity,
climate, or landforms
Formal Region
Example:
• Counties, States, Countries
Formal Region
Example:
•Desert, Rainforest, Tundra
Formal Region
Example:
• The Rockies, Atlantic
Coastal Plain
B. Functional Region
Organized around a focal
point, with surrounding areas
linked by transportation,
trade, or communication
Functional Region
Example:
• Metropolitan Areas
- Greater Houston Area
Functional Region
Examples
• Airline hubs
- Intercontinental
The world class Medical Center area of
Houston is a functional node.
Functional Region
C. Perceptual Region
A place
defined by
popular
feelings and
images rather
than by
objective data.
Perceptual Region
Example
The “South”
Perceptual Region
Example
The “Bible Belt”
Example
Muslim World
3. Place
Place answers
the question
“What is it like at
that location?”
3. Place
Place can be described in
two ways:
•Physical
•Human
A. Physical Systems
Information about a location
based on physical features
•landforms
•climate
•vegetation
Examples:
•Colorado is a very
mountainous state
•Cuba is generally warm
all year
•The Sahara desert has
little to no vegetation
B. Human Systems
and Activities
Information about a location
based on how people shape the
earth.
•Population
•Religion
•Culture
•Language
Examples:
• Hong Kong has a high
population density
• Islam is commonly practiced
in Middle Eastern countries
•Germanic languages are spoken
in western and northern Europe.
4. Movement
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9osbpEHvQVE
4. Movement
The movement
of goods, people
and ideas from
one location to
another.
Three types of
Movement
A. Goods-products
Three types of
Movement
B. People
Three types of
Movement
C. Ideas
5. Human-Environment
Interaction
The ways in
which humans
and the
environment
influence
one another
5. Human-Environment
Interaction
There is ALWAYS an interaction
 Sometimes deliberate.
5. Human-Environment
Interaction
There is ALWAYS an interaction
 Often
unintentional.
A. Humans can
modify the
physical
environment
A. Humans can modify the
physical environment
Examples:
- construction projects
A. Humans can modify the
physical environment
Examples:
- deforestation
A. Humans can modify the
physical environment
Examples:
- agriculture
A. Humans can modify the
physical environment
Examples:
- pollution
A. Humans can modify the
physical environment
Examples:
- hunting & fishing
B. The environment
can modify human
activity
B. The environment can
modify human activity
Examples:
- hurricanes & flooding
B. The environment can
modify human activity
Examples:
- drought & wildfires
B. The environment can
modify human activity
Examples:
- earthquakes & tsunamis