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Flag of Wales
Crest of Wales
INFORMATION
• is a country that is part of the United
Kingdom, bordered by England to its east
and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its
west. It has an estimated population of three
million and is officially bilingual with
the Welsh and English languages having
equal status. The Welsh language is an
important element of Welsh culture. Its
decline has reversed over recent years. Over
580,000 Welsh speakers live in Wales, more
than 20% of the population.
Genesis of word Wales
The Anglo-Saxon word for 'foreign' or 'foreigner'
was Waelisc and a 'foreign(er's) land' was called Wēalas. The
modern English forms of these words with respect to the
modern country are Welsh (the people) and Wales (the land),
respectively.
History of Wales
• Wales has been inhabited by modern humans for at
least 29,000 years. Continuous human habitation dates
from the end of the last ice age, between 12,000 and
10,000 years before present (BP),
when Mesolithic hunter-gatherers from central
Europe began to migrate to Great Britain.
Mountains of Wales
• Much of Wales's diverse landscape is mountainous, particularly in
the north and central regions. The mountains were shaped during
the last ice age, the Devensian glaciation. The highest mountains in
Wales are in Snowdonia (Eryri), of which five are over 1,000 m
(3,281 ft); known as 'super-mountains'. The highest of these
is Snowdon (Yr Wyddfa), at 1,085 m (3,560 ft).The 14 (or 15 if
including Garnedd Uchaf; often discounted due to its
low topographic prominence) Welsh mountains over 3,000 feet (914
m) high are known collectively as the Welsh 3000s and are located
in a small area in the north-west.
• The highest outside the 3000s is Aran Fawddwy, at 905 metres
(2,969 ft), in the south of Snowdonia. The Brecon
Beacons (Welsh: Bannau Brycheiniog) are in the south (highest
pointPen-y-Fan, at 886 metres (2,907 ft)), and are joined by
the Cambrian Mountains in Mid Wales, after which the earliest
geological period of the Paleozoic era, the Cambrian, is named.
Climate of Wales
• Wales lies within
the north temperature
zone. It has a
changeable, maritime
climate and is one of the
wettest countries in
Europe. Welsh weather
is often cloudy, wet and
windy, with warm
summers and mild
winters. The long
summer days and short
winter days are due to
Wales'
northerly latitudes (bet
ween 53° 43′ N and 51°
38′ N).