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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
Presented by
NISHITH RANJAN SAHOO
Roll no: EI200117284
Under the Guidance
of
Dr. Partha S. Mallik
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
INTRODUCTION
 GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)
 Reuse the existing GSM infrastructure
 Introduce packet-switched routing functionality
• Better data transfer rates
• Low cost and connectivity-oriented
 Migration Path to 3G Networks
 “Always on” / always connected
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
NEED FOR GPRS
Existing Cellular networks have problems:
 Data Rates too slow – about 9.6 kbps
 Connections setup too long & complicated
 Proves expensive for bursty traffic utilization
 Inefficient resource utilization for bursty traffic
 No efficient method for packet transfers
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
PACKET-SWITCHED TECHNIQUE
VS. CIRCUIT-SWITCHED
In circuit-switching, resources (e.g. a channel) are
allocated to user for duration of connection
Inefficient use of resources
User pays for the whole connection
High QoS: channel maintains real-time
connection
In packet-switching, resources are allocated to user
only for the time it takes to send each packet
A channel can serve many users
User pays by the packet
Ideal for bursty data connections
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS ARCHITECTURE
GPRS = GSM + packet switching. GPRS has the
features of a real data network.
Speeds up to 190 kbps (theoretical maximum).
No dial-up modems needed, but direct
connections.
Billing based on sended/received bits, no
telephone ticks.
All applications available (www, e-mail, ftp,..).
The setup time is negligible – less than a second.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS ARCHITECTURE
•How is the high speed of GPRS realized?
•Dynamic assignment of bursts to a user. In
GSM 1 burst per user.
•In GPRS theoretical maximum of 8 bursts
per user.
000
Data: 57 bits 1 Sync: 1 Data: 57 bits 000
26 bits
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EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
MIGRATION FROM GSM TO GPRS
The migration path from GSM to GPRS requires:
Additional packet switching nodes (routers
between the base stations and the mobile switch
center).
The existing GSM nodes to be upgraded with
GPRS functionality.
Commercial data services to be provided for this
a GPRS operator needs to deploy other elements
like Access servers and Firewalls.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS ENVIRONMENT
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS ARCHITECTURE : MOBILE STATION
GPRS MS includes two components:
 MT (Mobile Terminal). Typically a handset used to access
the radio interface.
 TE (Terminal Equipment). Typically a laptop or a
Personal Digital Assistant (PDA).
Three types of MS:
 Class-A: Could be attached to both GPRS and other GSM
services, and the MS supports simultaneous operation of
GPRS and other GSM services.
 Class-B: Could be attached to both GPRS and other GSM
services, but the MS can only operate one set of services at
a time.
 Class-C: Could be exclusively attached to one service
type at a given time.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS Architecture
Interfaces
MSC/VLR
HLR
D
Gr
Gs
Gc
A
Gb
TE
MT
R
BSS
Um
Gn
Gn
SGSN
Gi
PDN
GGSN
Ga
Ga
Gp
CGF
SGSN
GGSN
Gf
Other PLMN
TE
Billing
System
EIR
• CGF(Charging Gateway)
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
SGSN – SERVING GPRS SUPPORT NODE
At the same hierarchical level as the MSC.
Transfers data packets between mobile stations and
GGSNs.
Keeps track of the individual MSs’ location and
performs security functions and access control.
Detects and registers new GPRS mobile stations
located in its service area
Participates into routing, as well as mobility
management functions.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GGSN – GATEWAY GPRS SUPPORT NODE
Provides inter-working between PLMN and external
packet-switched networks.
Converts the GPRS packets from SGSN into the
appropriate packet data protocol format (e.g., IP or
X.25) and sends out on the corresponding packet data
network.
Participates into the mobility management.
Maintains the location information of the mobile
stations that are using the data protocols provided by
that GGSN.
Collects charging information for billing purpose.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS ARCHITECTURE:BACKBONE
NETWORK
Tunnels of data and signaling messages between GPRS support
nodes.Protocol architecture based on the Internet Protocol (IP).
GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol) used to tunnel user data and
signaling between GPRS Support Nodes.
Two kinds of GPRS backbone Network:
Intra-PLMN backbone network: The IP network interconnecting
GSNs within the same PLMN.
Inter-PLMN backbone network: The IP network interconnecting
GSNs and intra-PLMN backbone networks in different PLMNs.
Border Gateway handles the packet transfer between GPRS
PLMNs.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS ARCHITECTURE: BACKBONE
NETWORK
Packet Data Network
Inter-PLMN Backbone
Gi
GGSN
BG
Intra-PLMN Backbone
SGSN
Gi
Gp
SGSN
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
BG
GGSN
Intra-PLMN Backbone
SGSN
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
PACKET TRANSFER
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
PLMN2
PLMN1
BSC
BTS
BSC
BTS
SGSN
SGSN
MS
Intra-PLMN
GPRS Backbone
Inter-PLMN
GPRS Backbone
Gn
Gp
Border
Gateway
Gn
Intra-PLMN
GPRS Backbone
Border Gateway
Gn
GGSN
SGSN
GGSN
Gi
Packet Data Network(PDN)
Eg.Internet,Intranet
Host
Router
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
MOBILITY MANAGEMENT
Mobility management is the means by which GPRS
keeps track of a mobile subscriber location while
connected to the Network.
 Main concepts :
 GPRS mobility management states
 GPRS network access.
 Attachment.
 Location management
 Packet Data protocol PDP context
 Detachment
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
MOBILITY MANAGEMENT STATES
IDLE
Explicit Detach
unreachable mobile
GPRS Detach
READY
reachable mobile
PDU
Transmission
/Reception
STANDBY
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
CONCLUSION
The GPRS should cost uses less than circuit-switched
services since communication channels are being used
on a shared basis and also the packets are need-based
rather than dedicated only to one user.
The next stepping stone would be moving towards 3G
by implementing EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for Global
Evolution),
The GPRS is the key transition phase and is a
fundamental requirement for Third Generation Mobile
Communications.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
THANK U !!!!!!!!!!!!!
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo
EI200117284
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