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Transcript
The Basics of HOME NETWORKS Capstone Technologies Group Brian Sammons Why a home network? Share an internet connection between multiple computers. Share files and devices between computers Better security by using a hardware firewall. www.captechgroup.com Choose Your Technology 802.11a 802.11b 802.11g 802.11n (coming) Wired Network Wireless Network www.captechgroup.com Wired vs. Wireless Wired Network • Secure • Cheaper equipment • More reliable • Faster data transfer • Run cable in walls or along baseboards • May need a professional • Good for new construction www.captechgroup.com Wired vs. Wireless Wireless Network • Mobility, Mobility, Mobility • Slower data speeds? • More expensive? • Inherently insecure www.captechgroup.com 802.11a vs. 802.11b 802.11a • Uses the less crowded 5Ghz spectrum • Accommodates more users • Data speeds up to 54Mbps • High absorption rate (easily blocked by walls and objects) • Operating range 150ft • Not compatible with 802.11b protocol • Components are expensive www.captechgroup.com 802.11a vs. 802.11b 802.11b • Uses the overcrowded 2.4 GHz spectrum • Data speeds up to 11 Mbps (biggest disadvantage) • 300ft operating range • Low absorption rate (travels through walls and objects) www.captechgroup.com 802.11g 802.11g • Compatible with both 802.11a and 802.11b networks • Uses the overcrowded 2.4 GHz spectrum. • Data speeds up to 54 Mbps • 300ft operating range • Low absorption rate (travels through walls and objects) www.captechgroup.com 802.11n Approximately 1 year away (2005-6) Frequency most likely the 5GHz range, meaning possible compatibility with 802.11a Throughput to match highest possible data rates- (raise the effective throughput of WLANs to at least 100M bps) Defining standardized modifications to the 802.11 physical layers and MAC layers, which will improve not just data rates but also actual data throughput www.captechgroup.com Network Set up Demo Linksys Belkin DLink Microsoft www.captechgroup.com Securing my wireless network Change the defaults! Enable WEP MAC Address filtering Disable DHCP Change the IP Subnet www.captechgroup.com Change the defaults! Change the default SSID • (Service Set IDentifier) Disable SSID Broadcast Change the default username and password Default password lists commonly available, just Google “default password list” http://www.phenoelit.de/dpl/dpl.html www.captechgroup.com Enable WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a protocol used for encrypting packets on a wireless network. It uses a 64-bit (or 256bit, depending on the vendor) shared key algorithm. Using WEP will increase the protection on your data, but doing so will reduce the effective data rates. Truly secure? Nope! www.captechgroup.com MAC Address Filtering Only MAC addresses that have been registered with the wireless access point are able to gain access to your network. You can usually locate the MAC address of your network card on the device itself. www.captechgroup.com Disable DHCP Use static IP addresses if the number of users on the network is small. Turning off DHCP will prevent wireless sniffers from seeing the IP addresses being used. www.captechgroup.com Change the IP Subnet Most wireless routers use the default 192.168.1.0 or 192.168.0.1 network. It is easy for people to guess the IP addresses used and illegally gain access to the network. www.captechgroup.com OK, I’ve done all that… What’s next? How secure am I now? www.captechgroup.com Wardriving / Warchalking http://www.bitshift.org/wardriving.sh tml What’s needed? Who’s doing it? Am I at risk? www.captechgroup.com Hotspots in the area Lots of unsecured homes/businesses www.wifimaps.com www.wardriving.com www.captechgroup.com Conclusion Thank you for your time! Capstone Technologies Group Brian Sammons www.captechgroup.com