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Introduction to Networks Most people work in a network environment Home network Local Area Network (LAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) The physical structure includes: interface cards, cables, hubs, switches, and routers Protect your password! From LAN to WAN (a) Home Network (b) Local Area Network From LAN to WAN (continued) (c) Wide Area Network The Internet and World Wide Web and Email Welcome to Cyberspace By Robert T. Grauer Maryann Barber Modified by Lin Objectives Define the Internet and give a brief overview of its history Briefly introduction TCP/IP Describe various buttons on the Internet Explorer toolbar Explain how to save the address of a favorite Web site Describe how to safeguard a system through acquisition of an anti-virus program and through systematic backup Distinguish between the Boolean operations And, Or, and Not Describe the structure of a Web address Download a graphic from the Web Draw several parallels between e-commerce and traditional commerce Distinguish between the http and https protocol; define a cookie and explain how it is a potential threat to individual privacy Create a Web Page (HTML document) using Microsoft Word Describe Email The Internet A network of networks Began in 1969 as ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency) No central authority and thus impossible to state the precise size Internet Applications (1) E-mail: is a means of communication on the Internet, and one of the first applications on it. Telnet: or remote login, allows your computer to login to a remote computer and act as though it were a local terminal attached to that computer. Ftp allows you to transfer files from or to a remote computer. It is commonly used to download software. ftp sites can be accessed with URL starting with ftp (e.g. ftp://… Internet Applications(2) Newsgroups: use Usenet to share discussions on a specific topic. Ex: rec.arts.books is a group for the discussion of books and book reviews. WWW: provides access to a rich universe of information and computer data, and is the basis for much of today's Internet activity How Internet Works (TCP/IP) Transmission and control protocol Internet Protocol How TCP/IP works: IP is able to find a path, TCP breaks data into packets, send each packet from one end (with an IP address) to the other end (with another IP address) in some route, and assemble them at the other end WWW An Internet application The World Wide Web A subset of the Internet consisting of all computers with hypertext or hypermedia documents These documents contain references (links) to other documents which may be on a different computer anywhere in the world Began in 1991 at the European Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) in Switzerland Acronyms Abound HTTP – HyperText Transfer Protocol is used to transmit Web documents HTTPS – Secure protocol for confidential transactions HTML – HyperText Markup Language is the language for all Web Documents ISP – Internet Service provider Connecting to the Internet At Work or School Via a Local Area Network At Home Traditional Modem (56KB) Cable Modem DSL Modem My Connection Via the university’s network connection in the dorm Via Ethercard connected to the Data Jack via network cable Microsoft Internet Explorer Menu Bar File Edit View Favorites Tools Help Address Bar URL Toolbar Back Button Forward Button Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites History Tool Bar Address Bar Hyperlinks Status Bar Uniform Resource Locator (URL) http://www.annex.com/southwest/museum.htm Document Path (Directory or Folder) Internet Address (Web site) Means of access, HyperText Transfer Protocol Examples of URLs Microsoft: www.microsoft.com University: www.miami.edu Grauer Site: www.prenhall.com/grauer General reference: www.refdesk.com Anti-virus updates: www.symantec.com Download software: www.tucows.com You can guess at the URL using the general form: www.company.com Hyperlinks Provide text, graphics, sound, or video links Blue underlined fonts are unexplored www.unexplored.link Magenta links have been previously accessed www.explored.link Returning to a Previous Site Back Button Favorites List Returns to pages in this session Returns to selected pages History List Returns to pages from previous sessions Search Engines A program that systematically searches the Web for documents on a specific topic Uses a key word or words as a query Several search engines are available Each search engine has its own database No search engine is best Uses Boolean (logical) operators Returns “hits” or documents once search has been submitted Click the Search Button • Relevant sites (hits) are shown in left pane; selected page is in the right pane • Repeat the search with multiple engines for other pages Popular Web Search Engines http://www.altavista.com/ http://www.msn.com/ http://www.go.com/ http://www.excite.com/ http://www.lycos.com http://www.askjeeves.com/ http://www.webcrawler.com/ http://www.google.com/ http://www.yahoo.com http://www.search.com/ Suggestions for Searching Use the Search button on the Internet Explorer Toolbar Try multiple search engines on one query Be aware of logical operators - AND, OR, and NOT Search on a concept: e.g., “first ladies” rather than “Eleanor Roosevelt” Set Bookmarks/Favorites E-commerce The exchange of goods and services Buyer and seller Products and suppliers A place to “meet” Marketing to attract the buyer Accept and process the order All of these elements are present in e-commerce and traditional commerce Advantages of E-commerce For the Seller Open 24/7 Shoppers from anywhere Virtual inventory is cheaper and extensive Lower transaction costs Target your customers For the Buyer Open 24/7 Never leave home Easy to view and explore product line Comparison shop Web site knows you Security and Privacy Secure transactions Https protocol Encryption Privacy Cookie is a small file written to your disk each time you visit a site Problem is when one site can read many cookies, e.g., Double Click.com Creating a Web Page • Use Word to create the document • Use the Save As Web Page command to convert to HTML • Upload to a Web server Email Electronic Mail (E-mail) E-mail is sending messages via computer Business is using more e-mail and fax To access you must have a mail server and software Each person has a username and password All mail programs allow you to Send, Compose, Reply and Forward, Delete E-mail Protocols POP Client --Post Office Protocol •Mail is read composed and stored locally •Can work off-line IMAP --Messages stored remotely •Stored on a server •Download for local storage SMTP --Simple Mail Transfer Protocol •The protocol required to send mail messages through the Internet Email To connect to your Mailbox: Double-click the Outlook Web EMAIL icon This opens to the StFX Web Mail page in IE Mailbox Window:Toolbar, Outlook bar, Navigation toolbar, and messages in bottom # read and # unread messages Send a Message To send an email, you need to know the mail address, ex: [email protected]; Click on New message button Look at To: the address of the recipient CC: send copies to others Subject: message contents Type the subject and contents, click Send. Reply to a Message Click on message header you want to reply to, click Reply button – Reply to sender can also Reply to All Go to message section and add your text wherever you want Click on Send button Forward a message Click on the message header you want to forward Click on Forward button Put in the To: the mail address you want to forward to, you can change subject box You can add a message to the message section; Click Send button. Attaching files to your mail Begin composing a new letter Click on Attachments link, or Attachments button on the toolbar. Your attachment is usually a file that you either know the path name for or you can browse for it. Fill in other sections as usual and click Send. Reading messages with attached files Click on attachment in message window Message is directly readable with the same systems on sending and receiving end When receiving on some systems, attachments may have to be saved first and read later with the correct software application. Mail Folders You can organize your messages in folders Click on Folders button in the Outlook bar and show the various folders you have available Some predefined folders: Trash, sent, personal, drafts, inbox Create folders Move messages to a certain folder Filing Messages to a Folder To create a mail folder in your mailbox, right-click on the parent directory and choose Create New. A text box opens for you to name the new folder which will be a sub folder. File messages to the selected folder. The message is deleted from the inbox and now appears in the folder you have chosen. Removing Messages Sending unwanted messages to the Trash folder Click on header and then click on Delete button If more than one letter is to be deleted, hold down the CTRL key and then click succeeding headers to select them Contacts Adding names to your Contact list Click on the Contact button on the toolbar or the Contact icon in the Outlook bar, Fill in all the information. Using the address book While addressing a message: click the Contact button and select the person, click on To: or CC:, click on OK If you simply want to send the message to multiple persons, simply click on the line below the previous address and either type the address or insert it from address book after the TO: appears. Instant Address – copying the address from a message directly into your address book Summary The Internet is a network of networks Internet Explorer/Netscape Navigator are browsers URL is located in the Address Bar Connect through ISP or LAN Search Engines are the tools to find information Learn to use keywords for searching Use multiple search engines Searches are based on Boolean operators Web documents are written in HTML The Save As Web Page command converts a Word document to HTML Emails and contacts