Download Heile

Open House, Carlsbad, CA
Feb 17, 2003
Bob Heile, Chair, Zigbee Alliance
Today’s Agenda
Time
Discussion Topic
Moderator
1:00 PM Welcome and Introductions
Bob Heile, ZigBee Alliance Chairman
1:05 PM ZigBee Alliance Overview,
Bob Heile
Goals and Objectives
1:40 PM
ZigBee Promoter Introductions and Presentations:
Philips
Venkat Bahl, Business Development Manager,Philips
Semiconductors
Karen Dunning, Vice President and Director of
Motorola
Licensing and Business Development
Mitsubishi
Michael Weseloh, MCU Strategic Marketing Manager
Honeywell
Invensys
2:30 PM IEEE 802.15.4 Status and Technical
2:50 PM Update
Break
Patrick Gonia, Senior Staff Scientist, Automation &
Control Solutions
Ron Strich, Executive Vice President, Invensys Home
Controls
Pat Kinney, Invensys
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Today’s Agenda (2)
Time
Discussion Topic
Moderator
3:10 PM ZigBee Marketing Overview
Venkat Bahl, Philips
3:30 PM ZigBee Technical Working Groups Goals and activities of each working group
Profiles Architecture
Building Automation
Networking
Security
Interoperability
Nick Shepherd, Philips
Pat Kinney, Invensys
Monique Bourgeois, Motorola
Dan Bailey, Ntru
Bhupender Virk, Philips
4:15 PM ZigBee Member Companies
5:00 PM Closing Q & A
5:15 PM Sunset Reception
Bob Heile
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Mission Statement
ZigBee Alliance members are defining
global standards for reliable, cost-effective,
low power wireless applications. The ZigBee
Alliance is a rapidly growing, non-profit
industry consortium of leading
semiconductor manufacturers, technology
providers, OEMs and end users worldwide.
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
The ZigBee Alliance Solution
• Targeted at home and building automation and
controls, consumer electronics, PC peripherals,
medical monitoring, and toys
• Industry standard through application profiles
running over IEEE 802.15.4 radios
• Primary drivers are simplicity, long battery life,
networking capabilities, reliability, and cost
• Alliance provides interoperability and certification
testing
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
History
Proposals Proposal ZigBee Alliance
formed
Initial MRD RSI/TRD
v0.2 to IEEE
ZigBee
IEEE 802.15.4
PAR
Proposals
1998
1999
2000
2001
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Reviews Expected
completion
2002
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Promoter Companies
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Membership Classes
• Promoters
– founding members of ZigBee, who form the
Board of Directors. There are currently 5
promoters + 1 chairperson
• Participants
– members who generally wish to make technical
contributions and/or serve on the Technical
Group committees. These members have early
access to specifications, and they may also
chair working group subcommittees. They are
in a position to help shape the ZigBee
technology for industrial applications and the
connected home.
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Working Groups
• Profile Architecture (Nick Shepherd)
• Network (Monique Bourgeois)
• Security (Dan Bailey)
• Interoperability (Bhupender Virk)
• Building Automation (Pat Kinney)
• Marketing (Venkat Bahl)
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Organization Structure
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
The Wireless Market
GRAPHICS INTERNET
HI-FI
AUDIO
STREAMING
VIDEO
DIGITAL
VIDEO
MULTI-CHANNEL
VIDEO
>
LONG
TEXT
SHORT
< RANGE
802.11b
LAN
802.11a/HL2 & 802.11g
Bluetooth 2
ZigBee
PAN
Bluetooth1
LOW
< DATA RATE
>
HIGH
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Applications
monitors
sensors
automation
control
monitors
diagnostics
sensors
INDUSTRIAL &
COMMERCIAL
CONSUMER
ELECTRONICS
TV
VCR
DVD/CD
remote
ZigBee
PERSONAL
HEALTH CARE
consoles
portables
educational
LOW DATA-RATE
RADIO DEVICES
TOYS &
GAMES
HOME
AUTOMATION
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PC &
PERIPHERALS
mouse
keyboard
joystick
security
HVAC
lighting
closures
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Development of the Standard
• ZigBee Alliance
– 45+ companies: semiconductor mfrs,
IP providers, OEMs, etc.
– Defining upper layers of protocol
stack: from network to application,
including application profiles
– First profiles published mid 2003
• IEEE 802.15.4 Working Group
– Defining lower layers of protocol stack:
MAC and PHY scheduled for release
in April
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APPLICATION
Customer
ZIGBEE STACK
SILICON
ZigBee
Alliance
IEEE
802.15.4
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Frequencies and Data Rates
BAND COVERAGE
2.4 GHz
ISM
868 MHz
915 MHz
ISM
DATA RATE
CHANNEL(S)
Worldwide
250 kbps
16
Europe
20 kbps
1
Americas
40 kbps
10
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Stack Reference Model
End developer applications,
designed using application profiles
Application interface designed using
general profile
Topology management, MAC
management, routing, discovery
protocol, security management
Channel access, PAN maintenance,
reliable data transport
Transmission & reception on the
physical radio channel
ZA1
ZA2
…
ZAn
IA1
API
IAn
UDP
IP
ZigBee NWK
802.2 LLC
MAC (SSCS)
IEEE 802.15.4 MAC (CPS)
IEEE 802.15.4 PHY
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Protocol Stack Features
• Microcontroller utilized
• Full protocol stack <32 k
• Simple node-only
stack ~4k
• Coordinators
require extra RAM
– Node device database
– Transaction table
– Pairing table
APPLICATIONS
Customer
APPLICATION INTERFACE
SECURITY
NETWORK LAYER
Star/Cluster/Mesh
DATA LINK LAYER
MAC LAYER
MAC LAYER
PHY LAYER
2.4 GHz
915MHz
ZigBee
Alliance
IEEE
802.15.4
868 MHz
Application
ZigBee Stack
Silicon
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
ZigBee vs Bluetooth
Competitive or
Complementary?
ZigBee and Bluetooth
address different needs
• Bluetooth is a
cable replacement
for items like
Phones, Laptop
Computers,
Headsets
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
ZigBee and Bluetooth
address different needs
• ZigBee is better
for devices Where
the battery is
‘rarely’ replaced
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Bluetooth is
Best ...
For :
• Ad-hoc networks
between capable
devices
• Handsfree audio
• Screen graphics,
pictures…
• File transfer
• ...
but ZigBee is
Better
IF :
• The Network is
static
• Lots of devices
• Infrequently used
• Small Data
Packets
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
2.4 gig Air interface
ZigBee
Bluetooth
•
•
•
•
•
• FHSS
• 1 M Symbol / second
DSSS
11 chips/ symbol
62.5 K symbols/s
4 Bits/ symbol
Peak Information Rate
~128 Kbit/second
• Peak Information Rate
~720 Kbit / second
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Battery Life
• Bluetooth expects regular charging
– Target is to use <10% of host power
• ZigBee is for use with Primary Cells
– Targets are :
• Tiny fraction of host power
• New opportunities where wireless not yet
used
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Initial Enumeration
ZigBee
Bluetooth
Coordinator
Coordinator
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Error Correction / Security
• Bluetooth offers some Forward Error
Correction
• 0, 40, 64 & 128 bit encryption
• ZigBee handshakes detect errors and
initiate retransmission.
• Application Level Security
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Protocol Stack
Comparison
Voice
Application Interface
Network Layer
Telephony OBEX
Control
RFCOMM
Protocol
Service
Discovery
Protocol
(Serial Port)
Link Manager
MAC Layer
MAC Layer
Link Controller
Baseband
RF
PHY Layer
ZigBee
Stack
Fax
L2CAP
Host Control Interface
Data Link Layer
Silicon
Dial-up
Networking
Application
vMessage
Intercom
Headset
Cordless
Group Call
vCard
vCal
vNote
User Interface
Application
Silicon
Zigbee
Bluetooth
Stack
Applications
Bluetooth
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
An Application Example
Battery Life & Latency in a Light Switch
• Wireless Light switch - Easy
for Builders to install
• Bluetooth would either :
– keep a counter running so
that it could predict which
hop frequency the light would
have reached or
– use the inquiry procedure to
find the light each time the
switch was operated.
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Battery Power Consumption
Efficiency
• The two devices must stay within 60 us (~1/10 of a hop)
• 30ppm crystals => could increase at 60us per second.
• Devices communicate once a second to track each other's
clocks.
• Possibly could be improved by a factor of 100.
•
The devices would then need to communicate once every
100 seconds to maintain synchronization.
• => 900 communications / day with no information transfer
• + perhaps 4 communications on demand
• 99.5% Battery Power wasted
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Latency
• Undertake Bluetooth inquiry procedure
when light switch operated
• May typically take 10-30 seconds using
Bluetooth 1.1 ?
• Even if optimized (Bluetooth 1.2), latency
is a few seconds
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Light switch Conclusion
• ZigBee radio using DSSS need only
perform CSMA before transmitting, a
delay of only 200 ms
• In the case of a light switch, ZigBee
offers longer battery life and lower
latency than a Bluetooth equivalent.
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
Conclusion
• ZigBee targets applications not
addressable by Bluetooth or any
other wireless standard
• ZigBee and Bluetooth complement
for a broader solution
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
More Information
ZigBee Alliance web site
http://www.ZigBee.org
IEEE 802.15.4 web site
http://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/TG4.html
Bob Heile, Chair
[email protected]
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Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.