Download Head movement based wireless communication with speech alert

Head movement based wireless communication with speech alert
ABSTRACT
In some cases due to spinal cord injury human can lose controller over all his body parts except
head. In such cases for the help of the patient there is a requirement for a helper at every time.
For example if the patient requires fan then he should inform to his helper like this are many
instances where he requires helper like in switching fan, lights, TV.. Etc. These purposes can be
served without the need of another human help.
This project serves the purpose of controlling the home appliances by physically handicapped
patients without the need of a helper. Here accelerometer sensors are attached to a head mask of
the patient. Just by the movement of the head the patient can control the home appliances.
INTRODUCTION
Communication is an essential part of human life. If communication is disturbed or impossible,
the consequences are loneliness and isolation. It is well known that speech plays a key role in
communication and it explains why humans also want to have speech as a means of
communication/interaction with computers. Although human-like speech dialogue with
computers is still far off, even with current state-of-the-art technology, the benefits and potential
of speech processing are obvious.
People make use of different languages to express their thoughts in a different way. But, it is
difficult for the people who are affected, partially, by paralysis and stroke. Hence, there is a need
to develop a platform for those people who are physically challengeable. An Embedded device
shall address the above said problems.
Paralysis is a life-changing condition, especially if the injury prohibits the person from going
about the daily routines or jobs the way got used to doing it. Our goal is to provide these people
an affordable solution that can make them independent for most of their day and enable them to
work, create, and feel useful in the society.
This project provides the controlling of home appliances, controlling wheel chair
movement and giving emergency alert with the head movement via zigbee. An accelerometer
will be placed on the centre, topmost, position of the head an individual who is physically
disabled or cannot speak due to paralysis. Any movement of the head in particular direction
would cause the accelerometer to generate an output voltage. These output voltages corresponds
to the change in gravity. These output voltages are fed as input to the microcontroller. four
commands are provided for controlling above parameters. The commands are communicated via
zigbee from patient unit to controlling unit.
DESCRIPTION
Many embedded systems have substantially different designs according to their functions and
utilities. In this project design, structured modular design concept is adopted and the system is
mainly composed of a single microcontroller, LCD, accelerometer, MP3 module, speaker, CPU
Fan, relay, GSM, L293, zigbee.
The microcontroller located at the centre of the block diagram forms the control unit of the entire
project. Embedded within the microcontroller is a program that helps the microcontroller to take
action based on the inputs provided by the output of the sensors.
In this project accelerometer will be placed on the centre, topmost, position of the head
an individual who is physically disabled or cannot speak due to paralysis. four commands are
provided for controlling wheel chair movement, home appliances and emergency alert . The
commands are communicated via zigbee from patient unit to controlling unit.
The microcontroller processes the incoming voltages from the sensor depending on the
program embedded within it. The output is fed to another unit through zigbee. The other unit
receives commands via zigbee for wheel chair movement, home appliances controlling, and any
emergency alerting. Any emergency alerts are intimated through GSM for patient’s guardian and
voice alert is also given through mp3 module.
Renesas (RL78) is 16 bit architecture, it has 64 I/O pin (R5F100LE). It has 11 I/O ports,
64kB ROM, 4kB RAM,1 watch dog timer,I2C protocol, 3 UART’s, 10 bit ADC, 8 Timers, on
chip debug function, high speed on-chip oscillator.
A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a flat panel display, electronic visual display, based on
Liquid Crystal Technology liquid crystal display consists of an array of tiny segments (called
pixels) that can be manipulated to present information. LCDs are used in a wide range of
applications, including computer monitors, television, instrument panels, aircraft cockpit
displays, signage, etc. They are common in consumer devices such as video players, gaming
devices, clocks, watches, calculators, and telephones.
SIM900 is a Tri-band GSM/GPRS engine that works on frequencies EGSM 900 MHz,
DCS 1800 MHz and PCS 1900 MHz SIM900 features GPRS multi-slot class 10/ class 8
(optional) and supports the GPRS coding schemes CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4.
AT Commands are used to get information in SIM card. The SIM interface supports the
functionality of the GSM Phase 1 specification and also supports the functionality of the new
GSM Phase 2+ specification for FAST 64 kbps SIM (intended for use with a SIM application
Tool-kit).Both 1.8V and 3.0V SIM Cards are supported. The SIM interface is powered from an
internal regulator in the module having nominal voltage 2.8V. All pins reset as outputs driving
low.
An accelerometer is a device that measures proper acceleration ("g-force"). Proper acceleration
is not the same as coordinate acceleration (rate of change of velocity). For example, an
accelerometer
at
rest
on
the
surface
of
the
Earth
will
measure
an
acceleration g= 9.81 m/s2 straight upwards. By contrast, accelerometers in free fall (falling
toward the center of the Earth at a rate of about 9.81 m/s2) will measure zero.
ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4-based specification for a suite of high-level communication
protocols used to create personal area networks with small, low-power digital radios.
The technology defined by the ZigBee specification is intended to be simpler and less expensive
than other wireless personal area networks (WPANs), such as Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. Applications
include wireless light switches, electrical meters with in-home-displays, traffic management
systems, and other consumer and industrial equipment that requires short-range low-rate wireless
data transfer.
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to mechanically
operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relays. Relays
are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical
isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by
one signal.
L293D is a Motor driver integrated circuit which is used to drive DC motors rotating in either
direction. It is a 16-pin IC which can control a set of two DC motors simultaneously. The L293D
uses 5V for its own power and external power source is needed to drive the motors, which can be
up to 36V and draw up to 600mA.
Demo points:
Accelerometer Sensor is connected to the head of the patient according to the movement of the
head the flex sensor bends and corresponding to that the resistance of the flex sensor changes.
The output of the flex sensor is connected to the ADC where it gives digital equivalent voltage to
the analog input.
Micro controller gets digital inputs from ADC. Program is burnt into micro controller which is
connected with Zigbee. Zigbee is a Wireless transceiver. Where it can receive signals up to
100m. UART protocol is used to communicate between micro controller and Zigbee.
Receiver Zigbee receives the signals and transfers it to the micro controller through UART. The
controller activates the relays according to the input condition. The relays activate the home
appliances which is required.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
LCD
2 Accelerometer
RL78
Zigbee
30 PIN
LCD
Zigbee
RL78
GSM
L293
Robot
64 PIN
MP3
Speaker
COMPONENTS USED
Hardware’s used

Renesas microcontroller 30 pin and 64 pin

LCD

Accelerometer
Relay
CPU fan

Zigbee

Gsm

L293d

Relay

Cpu fan

MP3 module

speaker
Software’s used

Cube suite+

Renesas flash programmer
APPLICATIONS

Used for physically handicapped people
ADVANTAGES

Avoids helpers for the handicapped people

Easy to use
FUTURE SCOPE
For project demo concern, we have developed a prototype module. In future, this project can be
taken to the product level. To make this project as user friendly and durable, we need to make it
compact and cost effective. Going further, most of the units can be embedded along with the
controller on a single board with change in technology, thereby reducing the size of the system.
REFERENCES

International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering and Science Volume
No.02, IssueNo.05, May2014

http://research.ijcaonline.org/volume79/number13/pxc3891906.pdf

http://ijsetr.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/IJSETR-VOL-2-ISSUE-3-749-755.pdf

http://researchtrend.net/ijet41/3%20DIKSHA%20NGF.pdf

International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 79 – No 13,
October 2013

http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1309/1309.2090.pdf