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• Base Transceiver Station
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Short Message Service - Vulnerabilities
In the GSM, only the airway traffic
between the Mobile Station (MS) and the
Base Transceiver Station (BTS) is
optionally encrypted with a weak and
broken stream cipher (A5/1 or A5/2)
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GSM frequency bands - GSM-1800
GSM-1800 uses 1,710–1,785 MHz to
send information from the mobile
station to the base transceiver station
(uplink) and 1,805–1,880 MHz for the
other direction (downlink), providing
374 channels (channel numbers 512 to
885)
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Telecommunications in Burma
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According to official figures released in mid
2012, Myanmar had 857 Base Transceiver
Stations (BTS) for 1,654,667 local GSM
mobile users, 188 BTSs for 225,617 local
WCDMA mobile users, 366 BTSs for 633,569
local CDMA-450 mobile users, and 193 BTSs
for 341,687 CDMA-800 mobile users. Huawei
who has built 40 percent of the towers in
Myanmar, which amounts to 1500 across the
country, said it has built the towers mostly in
Yangon, Mandalay and Naypyidaw.
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General Packet Radio Service - Channel encoding
The least robust, but fastest, coding
scheme (CS-4) is available near a base
transceiver station (BTS), while the most
robust coding scheme (CS-1) is used
when the mobile station (MS) is further
away from a BTS.
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Telecommunications in India - Mobile Telephony
According to data provided by
Minister of State for Communications
and IT Milind Deora, as of 30
November 2012, India has 736,654
base transceiver stations (2G GSM &
CDMA, and 3G). Of those, 96,212 base
transceiver stations provide 3G
mobile and data services. Out of
India's 640 districts, 610 districts are
covered by 3G services as of 30
November 2012.
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Evolution-Data Optimized - TIA-856 Rel. 0 reverse link structure
1
The reverse link (from the mobile back to the Base
Transceiver Station) on EV-DO Rel
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Multi-user MIMO - Space-division multiple access
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The Base Transceiver Station (BTS) can
determine how distant the Mobile
Station (MS) is by interpreting the
reported TA
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Telecommunications link - Uplink
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* Pertaining to Global System for Mobile
Communications|GSM and cellular
networks, the radio uplink is the
transmission path from the mobile station
(cell phone) to a base transceiver
station|base station (cell site). Traffic and
signalling flows within the Base Station
Subsystem|BSS and Network and
Switching Subsystem|NSS may also be
identified as uplink and downlink.
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GSM services - Accessing a GSM network
Once the SIM card is loaded into the
phone and the phone is powered on, it will
search for the nearest mobile phone mast
(also called a Base Transceiver
Station|Base Transceiver Station/BTS)
with the strongest signal in the operator's
GSM frequency bands|frequency band
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GSM services - Outgoing
The user dials the telephone number,
presses the send or talk key, and the
mobile phone sends a call setup request
message to the Network Switching
Subsystem|mobile phone network via the
nearest mobile phone base transceiver
station (BTS).
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GSM services - General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)
1
GPRS does this by sending packets to
the local mobile phone mast (Base
Transceiver Station|BTS) on channels
not being used by circuit-switched
voice calls or data connections
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EVDO - TIA-856 Rel. 0 reverse link structure
1
The reverse link (from the mobile back to the Base
Transceiver Station) on EV-DO Rel
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Resource allocation - Algorithms
This is especially common in electronic
devices dedicated to routing and
communication. For example, channel
allocation in wireless communication may
be decided by a base transceiver station
using an appropriate
algorithm.[http://www.mit.edu/~modiano/pa
pers/C67.pdf Wireless Channel Allocation
Using An Auction Algorithm]
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Telenor Serbia - Network information
The company has more than 1033
active base transceiver stations (BTS)
which cover all urban and suburban
areas, major highway routes, and
tourist centers
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Space-division multiple access
1
The base transceiver station (BTS) can
determine how distant the mobile station
(MS) is by interpreting the reported TA
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Cell site
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In GSM networks, the correct term is
Base Transceiver Station (BTS), and
colloquial British English synonyms
are mobile phone mast or base station
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GPRS - Coding schemes and speeds
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* the number of Base Transceiver Station|BTS
TDMA time slots assigned by the operator
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GPRS - Channel encoding
The least robust, but fastest, coding
scheme (CS-4) is available near a Base
Transceiver Station|base transceiver
station (BTS), while the most robust
coding scheme (CS-1) is used when
the mobile station (MS) is further away
from a BTS.
1
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OpenBTS
'OpenBTS' ('Open Base Transceiver
Station') is a software-based GSM access
point, allowing standard GSMcompatible mobile phones to be used as
Session Initiation Protocol|SIP endpoints
in Voice over IP (VOIP) networks.
OpenBTS is an open source software that
was developed and is maintained by
Range Networks. The public release of
OpenBTS is notable for being the first
free software implementation of the
lower three layers of the industrystandard GSM protocol stack.
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Handover - Implementations
The handover may be requested by the
phone or by the Base transceiver
station|base station (BTS) of its source cell
and, in some systems, by a BTS of a
neighbouring cell
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ENode B
1
'E-UTRAN Node B', also known as 'Evolved
Node B', (abbreviated as 'eNodeB' or 'eNB')
is the element in E-UTRA of 3GPP Long
Term Evolution|LTE that is the evolution of
the element Node B in UTRA of UMTS. It is
the hardware that is connected to the mobile
phone network that communicates directly
with mobile handsets (User equipment|UEs),
like a base transceiver station (BTS) in GSM
networks.
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Pager
1
One-way pagers can only receive messages,
while response pagers and two-way pagers
can also acknowledge, reply to, and originate
messages using an internal
transmitter.http://searchmobilecomputing.t
echtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid40_gci21273
9,00.html Pagers operate as part of a paging
system which includes one or more fixed
transmitters (or in the case of response
pagers and two-way pagers, one or more Base
transceiver station|base stations), as well as
a number of pagers carried by mobile users
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Improvised explosive device - Cell phone
A radio-controlled IED (RCIED)
incorporating a cell phone that is
modified and connected to an
electrical firing circuit. Cell phones
operate in the UHF band in line of
sight with base transceiver station
(BTS) antennae sites. In the common
scenario, receipt of a paging signal by
phone is sufficient to initiate the IED
firing circuit.
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PMC-Sierra - Wireline and optical
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PMC-Sierra offers communication ICs
for metro access, metro transport,
FTTH/PON, Ethernet over
SONET/SDH, Optical Transport
Network (OTN) and wireless base
transceiver stations
(BTS).http://www.pmcsierra.com/ethernet-sonet-sdh-macframer-controller-chips/
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Microwave power transmission - Uses
1
* Terrestrial microwave radio broadcasting
relay links in telecommunications networks
including e.g. backbone or backhaul
(telecommunications)|backhaul carriers in
cellular networks linking Base Transceiver
Station|BTS-Base station
subsystem#Base station controller|BSC
and BSC-Network switching
subsystem#Mobile switching center|MSC.
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Network switching subsystem - Description
1
The 'visitor location ' is a database of
the subscribers who have roamed into
the jurisdiction of the MSC (Mobile
Switching Center) which it serves.
Each main Base Transceiver
Station|base station in the network is
served by exactly one VLR( One BTS
may be served by many MSCs in case
of MSC in pool), hence a subscriber
cannot be present in more than one
VLR at a time.
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Network operations center - Functions
1
NOC personnel may perform extra duties;
a network with equipment in public areas
(such as a mobile network Base
Transceiver Station) may be required to
have a telephone number attached to the
equipment for emergencies; as the NOC
may be the only continuously staffed part
of the business, these calls will often be
answered there.
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Microwave link - Uses
* Terrestrial microwave relay links in
telecommunications networks
including backbone or backhaul
(telecommunications)|backhaul carriers
in cellular networks linking Base
Transceiver Station|BTS-Base station
subsystem#Base station
controller|BSC and BSC-Network
switching subsystem#Mobile switching
center|MSC.
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World phone - GSM-1800
GSM-1800 uses 1,710–1,785MHz to
send information from the mobile
station to the base transceiver station
(uplink) and 1,805–1,880MHz for the
other direction (downlink), providing
374 channels (channel numbers 512 to
885). Duplex spacing is 95MHz.
1
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Base station subsystem - Base transceiver station
The base transceiver station, or BTS,
contains the equipment for transmitting
and receiving radio signals (transceivers),
antenna (radio)|antennas, and equipment
for encryption|encrypting and decrypting
communications with the Base station
subsystem#Base station controller|base
station controller (BSC)
1
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Mobile Telephone Switching Office - Handovers
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As a mobile unit engaged in a call moves
away from a cell site or formally known as
Base transceiver station and its Signal
(electronics)|signal weakens, the Base
Station Controller|BSC(GSM) or Radio
Network Controller|RNC(3G UMTS) will
automatically instruct it to tune to a
different frequency, one assigned to the
newly entered BTS
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Node B
'Node B' is a term used in UMTS
equivalent to the BTS (base transceiver
station) description used in GSM.
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Path loss - Examples
1
In cellular networks, such as UMTS and
GSM, which operate in the UHF band, the
value of the path loss in built-up areas can
reach 110 -- 140 dB for the first kilometer
of the link between the Base transceiver
station|BTS and the mobile phone|mobile
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Base transceiver station
1
A 'base transceiver station' ('BTS') is a
piece of equipment that facilitates
wireless communication between user
equipment (UE) and a network. UEs
are devices like mobile phones
(handsets), Wireless local loop|WLL
phones, computers with wireless
Internet connectivity.
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Paging (telecommunications)
1
One-way pagers can only receive messages,
while response pagers and two-way pagers
can also acknowledge, reply to, and originate
messages using an internal
transmitter.http://searchmobilecomputing.tech
target.com/sDefinition/0,,sid40_gci212739,00
.html Pagers operate as part of a paging
system which includes one or more fixed
transmitters (or in the case of response
pagers and two-way pagers, one or more
Base transceiver station|base stations), as
well as a number of pagers carried by mobile
users
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Home Location Register - Description
1
The 'visitor location' is a database of the
subscribers who have roamed into the
jurisdiction of the MSC (Mobile Switching
Center) which it serves. Each main Base
Transceiver Station|base station in the
network is served by exactly one VLR (one
BTS may be served by many MSCs in
case of MSC in pool), hence a subscriber
cannot be present in more than one VLR
at a time.
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Cell tower
In GSM networks, the correct term is
Base Transceiver Station (BTS), and
colloquial synonyms are mobile phone
mast or base station. The term base
station site might better reflect the
increasing co-location of multiple
mobile operators, and therefore multiple
base stations, at a single site. Depending
on an operator's technology, even a site
hosting just a single mobile operator
may house multiple base stations, each
to serve a different air interface
technology (CDMA2000 or GSM, for
example).
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Mobility management - Location area
To each location area, a unique
number called a location area code is
assigned. The location area code is
broadcast by each base station, known
as a base transceiver station Base
transceiver station|BTS in GSM, or a
Node B in UMTS, at regular intervals.
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Prambanan - Contemporary events
The sanctuary area is planned to be
treated in similar fashion to Angkor
archaeological area in Cambodia, which
means government should stop or decline
the permit to construct any new buildings,
especially the multi-storied buildings, as
well as Base transceiver station|BTS
towers in the area
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Türk Telekom - Argela
1
In 2013, Argela for the first time entered
into an industry other than
telecommunications by being selected to
carry out 4G/LTE Communication System
Development (ULAK) Project of
Undersecretariat of Defense Industry. In
the context of this project, Argela
cooperated with Aselsan and Netaş to
domestically develop all hardware and
software components of Base transceiver
station|base stations with 4G technology.
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Effect of Hurricane Katrina on New Orleans - Communications failures
Many telephones, including most cell
phones, and Internet access were not
working because of line breaks,
destruction of Base Transceiver
Station|base stations, or power failures,
even though some base stations had their
own back-up generators
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RRLP - Positioning methods
;E-OTD: The E-OTD|Enhanced
Observed Time Difference (E-OTD) is
based on measurements inside the
mobile phone, where the phone
measures the observed time difference
of arrival of bursts sent by nearby pairs
of base transceiver stations.
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GSM-R - History
In Germany, Italy and France the
GSM-R network has between 3000 and
4000 base transceiver station|base
stations
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Area boys - Area boys elsewhere in Nigeria
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* They were cited as a nuisance by the
Director of Communications at Airtel
Africa|Airtel in August 2012 because they
demanded money to load diesel at the
company's Base Transceiver Stations.
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