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Check Disk
Disk Defragmenter
Using Disk Defragmenter
Effectively
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Run Disk Defragmenter when the computer will receive the least
usage.
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Educate users to defragment their local hard disks.
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Consider performing scheduled network-wide defragmentation
from a central location.
Analyze the target volume before you install large applications.
After you delete a large number of files or folders, analyze your
hard disk.
Data Compression
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Compressed files can be read by and written to any Microsoft
Windows-based or MS-DOS-based application.
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NTFS allocates disk space based on the uncompressed file size.
Compressing Files and
Folders
Selecting an Alternate
Display Color
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You can select a different display color for compressed files and
folders.
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You can change the display color by selecting Folder Options
from the Tools menu.
Copying and Moving
Compressed Files and
Folders
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Copying a file or folder within an NTFS volume
Moving a file or folder within an NTFS volume
Copying a file or folder between NTFS volumes
Moving a file or folder between NTFS volumes
Moving or copying a file or folder to a FAT volume
Moving or copying a compressed file or folder to a floppy disk
Using NTFS Compression
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Select file types to compress based on the anticipated resulting
file size.
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Do not store compressed files in a compressed folder.
Use a different display color for compressed folders and files.
Compress static data rather than data that changes frequently.
Disk Quotas
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Disk quotas track and control disk usage on a per-user, pervolume basis.
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Disk quotas have several important characteristics.
You can use disk quotas to perform a number of tasks related to
monitoring and controlling hard disk space usage.
Setting Disk Quotas
Determining the Status of
Disk Quotas
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You can determine the status of disk quotas in the Properties
dialog box for a disk.
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The traffic light colors indicate the status of disk quotas.
Enforcing Disk Quotas
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You can configure the disk space limit and the warning level for
one or more specific users.
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You can monitor usage for all users who have copied, saved, or
taken ownership of files and folders in a volume.
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Volume usage is tracked for all users owning files on a volume
where the disk quota system is active.
Guidelines for Using Disk
Quotas
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If necessary, log on as Administrator to install additional
Microsoft Windows 2000 components and applications.
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You can monitor hard disk usage and generate hard disk usage
information without preventing users from saving data.
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Set more restrictive default limits for all user accounts, and then
modify the limits if necessary.
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Set disk quotas on shared volumes to limit storage for users.
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Remove files before deleting a quota entry for a user account.
Delete disk quota entries for users who no longer store their
files on a volume.
Introduction to Simple
Network Management
Protocol (SNMP)
Management Systems and
Agents
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The network management station (NMS) does not have to run
on the same computer as the SNMP agent.
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The NMS can request information from SNMP agents.
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Agents do not originate messages except a trap message that is
triggered by a specific event.
SNMP agents provide information about activities that occur at
the IP network layer and respond to requests for information.
Management Information
Base (MIB)
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A MIB is a container of objects that represent a particular type
of information.
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All the information that a management system might request is
stored in various MIBs.
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A MIB defines values for each object it contains.
Each object in a MIB has a unique identifier that contains
information.
SNMP Messages
Defining SNMP
Communities
Managing the SNMP Service
SNMP Service Properties
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You can configure how the SNMP service starts, logs on to the
system, and recovers from an abnormal termination of the
service or operating system.
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You can specify a display name, description, startup type, and
start parameters.
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The Dependencies tab provides a list of services that depend on
the SNMP service and those that the SNMP service depends on.
SNMP Agent Properties
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The SNMP agent provides the related management system with
information on activities that occur at the IP network layer.
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You can configure the agent properties on the Agent tab of the
SNMP Service Properties dialog box.
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The Agent tab lists the services that you can select.
Trap Properties
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SNMP traps can be used for limited security checking.
You can configure trap destinations on the Traps tab of the
SNMP Service Properties dialog box.
Security Properties
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Send authentication traps
Accepted community names
Community rights
Accept SNMP packets from any host
Only accept SNMP packets from these hosts
Event Viewer
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SNMP error handling has been improved in Windows 2000.
Improved error handling is integrated with Event Viewer.
Use Event Viewer if you suspect a problem with the SNMP
service.
WINS Service
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When querying WINS server MIBs, you might need to increase
the SNMP time-out period.
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If some WINS queries work and others time out, increase the
time-out period.
IPX Addresses
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An Error message occurs when the IPX address has been
entered incorrectly.
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The SNMP service does not recognize an address with a comma
or hyphen between the network number and Media Access
Control (MAC) address.
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The address used for an IPX trap destination must follow the
IETF defined 8.12 format.
SNMP Service Files
Performance Console
System Monitor Snap-In
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Performance Monitor has been replaced by System Monitor.
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You can collect and view extensible data about the usage of
hardware resources and the activity of system services.
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You can define the data that you want the graph to collect.
The System Monitor snap-in allows you to perform a number of
tasks.
System Monitor Interface
Monitoring System and
Network Performance
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Network activity can influence system performance.
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You should use specific counters as part of your normal
monitoring configuration.
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Monitoring network activity involves examining performance
data at each network layer.
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You should begin with the lowest-level components and work
your way up.
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Establish a baseline for network performance.
System Monitor enables you to track network and system
activity.
Disk Objects and the
Diskperf Utility
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Two primary disk objects contain counters in System Monitor:
PhysicalDisk and LogicalDisk.
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The physical disk performance counters are enabled, and the
logical disk performance counters are disabled.
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Use the Diskperf utility to enable and disable the counters.
There is a small performance cost for running these counters.
Collecting Performance
Data
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Collect performance data automatically from local or remote
computers.
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View logged counter data or export the data.
Using the Performance Logs
and Alerts Snap-In
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Collect data in a comma-delimited or tab-separated format.
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Define start and stop times, file names, file sizes, and other
parameters.
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Manage multiple logging sessions from a single console window.
View counter data during collection and after collection has
stopped.
Set an alert on a counter.
Recording Performance
Data
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Start and stop logging.
Create trace logs.
Define a program that runs when a log is stopped.
Configure additional settings for automatic logging.
Performance Logs and
Alerts Interface
Introduction to Network
Monitor
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Tracks network throughput in terms of captured network traffic
Monitors the network data stream on the local network segment
Can capture all local traffic or a subset of frames
Captures only those frames sent to or from the local computer
Uses a network driver interface specification (NDIS) feature to
copy all frames to its capture buffer
Installing Network Monitor
Tools
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Network Monitor Tools include the Network Monitor snap-in and
the Network Monitor driver.
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These tools are not installed by default.
You can use the Add/Remove Programs utility in Control Panel to
install the Network Monitor Tools.
Capturing Frame Data
Using Capture Filters
Displaying Captured Data
Using Display Filters
Network Monitor
Performance Issues
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Network Monitor creates a memory-mapped file for its capture
buffer.
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Although you cannot adjust the frame size, you can store only
part of the frame.
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You can run Network Monitor in the background to reduce the
amount of system resources necessary to operate the program.
Overview of Task Manager
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Task Manager provides information about programs and
processes running on your computer.
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You can use Task Manager to monitor key indicators of your
computer’s performance.
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The Task Manager interface contains three tabs: Applications,
Processes, and Performance.
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You can update Task Manager by clicking Refresh Now on the
View menu.
Applications Tab
Processes Tab
Performance Tab