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Today’s Topics Chapter 8: Networks HTML Introduction Chapter 8: Networks Network Fundamentals Network: group of two or more computer systems linked together to exchange data and share resources Local Area Network (LAN): links computers or peripherals within a small geographic area Wide Area Network (WAN): links computers within a large area Workstation or Client: computer that is connected to a network Node: workstation or peripheral that is connected to the network Network Interface Card (NIC): expansion board to connect to a network Network Fundamentals Router: complex device used to connect two or more LANs or WANs File Server: high-capacity, high-speed computer with a large hard disk Network Operating System (NOS): software required to run the network Network Administrator or Network Engineer: person who installs, maintains, and supports computer networks Advantages of Networking Reduced Hardware Costs Application Sharing Sharing Information Resources Centralized Data Management Connecting People Disadvantages of Networking Loss of Autonomy Lack of Privacy Security Threats Loss of Productivity LANs Peer-To-Peer Network (P2PN): all computers on the network are equal Client/Server Network: includes file servers as well as clients LAN Topologies Bus Topology (Daisy Chain): every workstation is attached to a single bus Contention Management: a technique that specifies what happens when a collision happens Star Topology: uses a central wiring device (hub) Ring Topology: all nodes are attached in a circular wiring arrangement LANs LAN Protocol: Standard that Enable NetworkConnected Devices to Communicate with Each Other Ethernet: most popular networking system for large and small businesses LocalTalk: Mc computer networking system Wi-Fi: wireless networking system (https://wifi.umsl.edu) Network Layers: Divided Network Architecture WANs Point of Presence (POP): WAN network connection point Backbone: high-capacity transmission lines that carry WAN traffic Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP): Internet protocol IP Address: Internet address, divided into four parts which are separated by periods Circuit Switching: sending data over physical end-To-end circuit Packet Switching: sending data into divided packet