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Overview of Client
Configuration
By Nanda Ganesan, Ph.D.
© Nanda Ganesan
Chapter Objectives
• Describe the basics of client configuration
• Present examples of advanced features for
NICs such as installing additional cards
• Explain the addition of other protocols such
as IPX/SPX etc.
• Outline a few network services that could be
configured
• Discuss the logon and security options when
configuring a client
Chapter Modules
• Client configuration Basics
• Some LAN Protocols
• TCP/IP Installation and Configuration
• Other Network Services
• Logon and Security Options and
Summary
MODULE 1
Client Configuration Basics
Client Configuration Overview
• Client configuration is a two step
process
• Step 1: Facilitate general network
address
– Internet access
• Step 2: Facilitate specific network
address
– Microsoft or other network address
General Network Access
• Install NIC, drivers, TCP/IP etc.
• Test for access
• Access the Internet
Specific Network Address
• Give the computer a name
• Enter the computer in a domain or a
workgroup
– Domain name applies to client server
networks
– Workgroup name applies to peer-to-peer
networks
• Access one or more specific networks
Components to be Configured
• Step 1: General network access
–
–
–
–
NIC
Client for a particular network
Protocol
Services
• Step 2: Specific network access
– Computer ID
– Define Workgroup or Domain
Components to be Configure for
General Access
• NIC
• Protocol and properties
• Client for a Network
– Microsoft or Novell for example
• Network services
– File and print sharing, if desired
End of Module 1
Module 2
NIC Configuration
NIC Configuration
• Install the adapter
• When an OS such as Windows XP is
installed the NIC will automatically be
installed
• Install the latest driver for the adapter
– The latest driver for a particular operating
system is usually obtained from the NIC
manufacturers website
NIC Functioning
• Check for proper functioning of the NIC by
going through the device manager
– There should not be a yellow exclamation mark
next to the NIC
• Most problems can be solved by installing the
correct driver
• Driver installation could be done by invoking
an installation wizard
Checking for Functioning of NIC
• Go through the device manager to
check for proper functioning of the NIC
Correcting Problems
• In the previous slide there was no yellow
exclamation mark against the NIC
– Therefore, the NIC is properly functioning
• If there was a yellow exclamation mark, then,
in most instances, then the NIC is not
functioning properly
– Most problems could be solved by installing the
correct driver or updating the driver for NIC
Installing or Updating the Driver
• There are different ways of accessing the
properties of the NIC to update the driver
– One is to access the properties from the device
manger listed in the Computer Management
Console that was shown before
– The other is to access the properties from either
the control panel or from the network
neighborhood icon
• Updating will be discussed under a different
module
Multiple Adapter
• In general, there would be only one
NIC in the computer
• It is also possible to have multiple
adapters in a computer
– A protocol can be bound to each adapter
– The protocol could be different in each case
Reasons for Multiple Adapters
• Use the computer as a router
• Host multiple virtual websites on a
single server with each IP address
assigned to each NIC being referenced
by a particular domain name
A Multiple Adapter Application
Scenario
NIC 2
NIC 1
Microsoft/
Ethernet/
TCP/IP
Multi-homed
Computer
Microsoft/
Token Ring/
TCP/IP
End of Module 2
Module 3
NIC Properties
Accessing NIC Properties
• From CMC (Computer Management
Console)
• From Network Neighborhood
• From Control Panel
Accessing NIC Properties from
CMC
• Accessing the CMC was shown in a
previous module
• The following slides outline the rest of
the procedure
Accessing the NIC Properties from
Network Neighborhood
• The steps are shown in the following
slides
NIC Properties
• General
• Advanced
• Driver
– Accessed and used for updating the driver
• Resources
• Power Management
Updating the Driver
• Access the driver tab
• Start the update wizard and follow the
steps
• In the following example, a driver that
has already been downloaded and
stored in a local folder named
H:\Internet Download\NIC Driver is
used for updating
Updating Complete
• There was no yellow exclamation mark
against the NIC in the CMC
• The installation is assumed to be correct
Other NIC Features
• General
• Advanced
• Resources
• Power Management
End of Module 3
Module 4
A Preview of Major LAN
Protocols
Major Protocols
• TCP/IP
– De facto protocols of the Internet
• IPX/SPX
– Used in Novell networks
• NetBEUI
– A non routable local protocol
NetBEUI
• Supported by
– Windows 9X, Windows NT, Windows
2000 and Windows XP
• Non-routable protocol used for setting a
local LAN that does not require Internet
access
• Can be used for an internal peer-to-peer
or client-server network
IPX/SPX Compatible Protocol
• Used in Novell networks
• Required for interoperability of
Windows network with Novell
networks
• Routable protocol
• IPX/SPX can be used for peer-to-peer
or client-server networking
TCP/IP
• An important protocol used widely on the
Internet
• A routable protocol
• Supports communication with UNIX
networks or any other network that work
under the TCP/IP protocol
– The base protocol in UNIX networks is TCP/IP
• Can be used for configuring peer-to-peer as
well as client-server networks of very large
scale
A TCP/IP Application Scenario
Lab
Workstation
Workstation
Local
Router
Internet
Router
The
Internet
Configure the workstation for Internet access by
Installing TCP/IP.
End of Module 4
Module 5
Basic TCP/IP Installation and
Configuration
TCP/IP Installation and
Configuration
• A two-step process
• First, install the protocol
– With many modern OSs such as Windows XP, it is
automatically installed
• Second, configure its properties
– When TCP/IP is automatically installed, the
properties are set to be obtained from a DHCP
server
– However, it is also possible to manually set the
properties
TCP/IP Installation Steps
Start
From Network
Neighborhood/
Properties.
Choose Network/
Properties
TCP/IP
protocol
installed.
Install Protocol
Add
Choose TCP/IP
OK
End
Accessing the Window for
TCP/IP Properties
• Under different Windows operating systems
the TCP/IP properties are accessed in
different ways
– The best and the most consistent way to access
TCP/IP properties Windows is to go through the
Control Panel and then select the Network Icon
– Another way to access the properties is to go
through Network Neighborhood
– Thereafter, select the network properties (Based
on the NIC) and then then continue to select the
TCP/IP properties
Accessing TCP/IP Properties Tab
Start
From Network
Neighborhood/
Properties.
Choose Network
TCP/IP/
Properties
Proceed
Define TCP/IP properties
TCP/IP Configuration Options
• Dynamic IP
– A DHCP server must be present in the network to
issue dynamic IP
– In a number of cases, the MAC address of the
client is registered to prevent unauthorized
leasing of IP addresses to clients
• Static IP
– Obtain the IP address specifications from the
network administrator
DHCP and TCP/IP
Configuration
• Without a DHCP server
– Requires the static assignment of IP addresses and
properties
– The DHCP server need not reside on the same
subnet
• With a DHCP server
– IP addresses etc. are automatically assigned by the
DHCP server
– Select the appropriate option for the TCP/IP
address to be dynamically assigned by the DHCP
server
IP
Address
TCP/IP Properties
Subnet Mask
Gateway
DNS
TCP/IP
Properties
Advanced
Assignment of Properties for
TCP/IP
•
•
•
•
IP address
Subnet mask
Gateway address
DNS address
– Preferred
– Alternate, if available
Alternate IP
• If the computer is used on another
network as well, an alternate IP address
may also be set
– It can be a private IP address
– Or, it could well be a static IP address that
is manually set
IP Addresses for Restricted Internal
LANs
• For an internal network, only the IP addresses
and the subnet masks need to be assigned
– Note that subnet mask is not an IP address
• Such networks will not have access to the
outside world meaning that it would not
have a connection to the Internet
• There are also some IP addresses reserved for
internal use that are known as private
addresses
– An example is 192.168.0.1
Facilitating External Access
• A gateway address is required to facilitate
external address
• A gateway is generally a router that directs
the traffic to the next segment of the network
that would eventually be linked through a
series of hops over network segment to its
destination
• There can be more than one gateway present
in a network meaning that multiple gateway
addresses can be entered in the TCP/IP
properties window
IP Address Assignment
Summarized
IP Address
DHCP
Obtain IP
Address
automatically
Non-DHCP
Specify IP Address
IP Address
123.345.678.90
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
Gateway, DNS and WINS addresses
End of Module 5
Module 6
Advanced TCP/IP Settings
Accessing Advanced Properties
• Advanced properties can be accessed
from the tab marked advanced
Advanced Properties of TCP/IP
• IP settings
• DNS
• WINS
• Options
– Security related
IP and Gateway Settings
• Multiple IP addresses for the same NIC
• Multiple gateways
DNS
• Multiple DNSs
• Search suffix order
• Registering current computer with the
DNS server
WINS
• Setting multiple WINSs
• Add LMHOST lookup
• Set NetBIOS over TCP/IP to cater for
older applications that rely on NetBIOS
More on WINS
• WINS Configuration
– This can be configured if there is a WINS
server on the network
– The purpose of the WINS server is to
resolve Windows client names into IP
addresses
– Windows names are not common in
today’s environment as all computer
names are based on TCP/IP
Options
• Set TCP/IP filtering by limiting access
to certain ports for certain protocols
TCP/IP Implementation and
Configuration End Result
• The workstation is ready for Internet
access
• Tasks possible
– Access Internet
• Note: The computer may have a name
generated by the OS such as Windows
XP
End of Module 6
Module 7
Network Client Service
Network Components
• NIC drivers
– Load the correct drivers
• Protocol
– Install the TCP/IP protocol
• Client
• Services
Client Installation
• When TCP/IP is installed, the Client for
Microsoft Networks is automatically
installed
• In the following example, the Client for
Novell Netware will be installed so that
this computer may also access Novell
networks
Installed Components
• The previous process will install the
client service for Netware
• It will also install the required protocols
to access Novell network
– NWLink related protocols
Uninstalling Client Services
• The client services for Novell Netware
can be uninstalled as well
End of Module 7
Module 8
Network Services
Services
• There are many services that could be
installed
• To share files and printers, the file and
printer sharing service must be installed
– An example will be presented later
showing the installation of the file and
printer sharing service
Some Examples of Services
• File and printer sharing
– Microsoft networks
• Backup of data
• HP Laser Jet administration
Backup Data
Client
Backup Tape
Install the Arcada Backup Agent, for example
Network Printer Administration
• A network attached printer directly
connected to a network can be
administered from a client by installing
the administration service on the client
Remote HP LaserJet
Administration
Client Station
HP JetAdmin service
installed.
HP LaserJet
LaserJet connected
directly to the network.
Installing File and Printer Sharing
Services
• In most cases, when a network is installed by
the OS, file and printer sharing services are
automatically installed
• If these services are not required, for security,
they should be disabled
• The following example shows the installation
of the said services based on the assumption
that they were not installed
End of Module 8
Module 9
Joining a Network
Logon
• Local use does not require the client to
be connected to a network
• Network Access
– Joint a Workgroup for peer-to-peer
networking
– Join a Domain for client-server networking
• Active Directory
• Non-Active Directory
To Join a Network
• The computer must have a name
– When the OS is installed, it will automatically
generate a name for the computer
– The generated name can be, and often is, changed
• It must be entered into a network
• The following slides illustrate the process of
changing the computer name to Nanda1 and
entering the computer into a workgroup
network known as GANESAN
Summary of Major Networking
Components
• Adapter
• Client
• Protocol
• Services
• Client Identification
• Joining a network
End of Module 9
END OF CHAPTER
Installation of Other
Components
• When a protocol is installed other
components such as the Client option
may be installed
• In certain case, the File and Print
sharing service may also be installed
– This service must be activated to allow files
and printers to be shared by others in the
network