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Network Virtualization issues from a telecom operator perspective. Outcomes from IST 4WARD Project TELEFÓNICA I+D Version 1.0. Date: June, 9th 2009 TELEFÓNICA I+D © 2008 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal Index 01 IST WARD Project 02 Network Virtualization from an operator’s perspective 03 Challenges for Core Network Virtualization 04 Conclusions TELEFÓNICA I+D 2 © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal Index 01 IST WARD Project 02 Network Virtualization from an operator’s perspective 03 Challenges for Core Network Virtualization 04 Conclusions TELEFÓNICA I+D 3 © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal ARD 4W 4WARD Project General Information 4WARD Project: Combination of clean-slate approaches to address the Network of the Future: — Let 1000 Networks Bloom: co-existence of a multitude of interoperable network. — Let Networks Manage Themselves: self-managed networks. Ericsson Nokia-Siemens-Networks VTT Ericsson KTH SICS Canada NEC Univ. of Lancaster Univ. of Surrey Ericsson Finland Alcatel-Lucent Deutsche Telecom Ericsson Nokia-Siemens-Networks Tu Berlin Univ. of Bremen Univ. of Karlsruhe UNiv. of Paderborn Sweden Norway Telekomunikacja Polska WIT Ireland Alcatel-Lucent France Telecom GET-INT LIP6 — Let Networks Be Information-Centric: information objects and services are mobile and distributed throughout the network. Germany France Austria Switzerland Romania Technion Italia IST-TUL PTIN gal Let a Network Path Be an Active Unit: Customized and selfconfigurable transport services (resilience, mobility, multi-path, security, compression, performance). Portu — Siemens TPUCN Poland UK Spain Univ. of Basel SAGO Israel Telcom Italia US Rutgers university Robotiker-Tecnalia Telefonica Project duration 1.1.2008 – 31.12.2009 Size: around 23M€ Consortium: 37 partners http://www.4ward-project.eu/ Aims at supporting a family of dependable and interoperable networks providing direct and ubiquitous access to information following a clean slate approach According to Paulo de Sousa (European Commission), “4WARD is more than a simple project, it is a long term research program… it is the European main initiative to design Future networks”. TELEFÓNICA I+D © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal ARD 4W 4WARD Project Network Virtualization within 4WARD Project Virtualization has gained sufficient momentum as one of the key paradigms for future networking Physical Infrastructure Within 4WARD, an architecture for network virtualization is being developed. Use virtualization as basis for an innovationfriendly, open architecture! Co-existence Virtualization of Resources (partitioning of physical infrastructure into “slices”) Virtualized Substrate Provisioning of Virtual Networks (on-demand instantiation of virtual networks) (separate, but interworking where desired) Easier deployment of new networks in the future Systematic approach to network virtualization Virtual Network Virtual Network Management of Virtual Networks The aim is to enable the co-existence of heterogeneous network architectures over a common infrastructure, to foster the development of Future Internet paradigms. TID’s goal is to achieve a technology transfer and to work out virtualization scenarios with fundamental assumptions from antransfer operator’s new revenues TID’s goal is to achieve a technology andperspective: to work out virtualization generation income) and operational excellence (OPEX/CAPEX). scenarios with(net fundamental assumptions from an operator’s perspective. TELEFÓNICA I+D © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal ARD 4W 4WARD Project Network Virtualization objectives and activities Service Provider Service Model Architecture Blueprints Instantiating Virtual Networks On Demand Download Custom Protocols Service Requirements Topology & Provisioning Scalable Resource Discovery Infrastructure Providers Objectives: — To define the architectural approach to provision virtual networks on a shared infrastructure — To develop the technologies that enable scalable instantiation and inter-operation of different networks on a shared infrastructure — To demonstrate dynamically provisioned virtual networks in parallel using shared networking resources TELEFÓNICA I+D © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal 4WARD Project Network virtualization architectural roles ARD 4W VNet operator Infrastructure provider and virtual network provider roles might be merged VNet provider Infrastructure Provider Infrastructure Provider Infrastructure Provider The virtualization ecosystem in 4WARD consists of three different players: Infrastructure provider: it owns the physical resources, partitions them into isolated virtual resources (by means of different methods) and offers them to virtual network providers. — Virtual network provider: it “leases” slices of virtualized infrastructure from different infrastructure providers to compose complex virtual networks, and subsequently sells it to a virtual network operator. — Virtual network operator: it deploys its preferred architecture on top of the virtual network (i.e. it implements appropriate protocol stacks) and operates the network on its own. TELEFÓNICA I+D © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal ARD 4W 4WARD Project Network virtualization heterogeneous scenario In the real world, horizontally specialized players would coexist and interwork with vertically integrated operators End-to-End Deployment Virtual Network Operator VNet VNet VNet VNet Substrate VNet VNet Phys. Net Infrastructure Broker (optional) Substrate Legacy Operator Substrate Vertically Integrated Operators (virtualized networks) TELEFÓNICA I+D © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal Substrate Substrate Infrastructure Providers Index ARD 4W 01 IST WARD Project 02 Network Virtualization from an operator’s perspective 03 Challenges for Core Network Virtualization 04 Conclusions TELEFÓNICA I+D 9 © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal Network Virtualization from an operator’s perspective Rationale ARD 4W Network Virtualization To introduce the data center virtualization techniques into the core network to support the concurrent operation of different networks on a single, shared infrastructure. Concept How it works? Routers are “sliced” into virtual nodes. Virtual nodes and links are composed into Vnets to fulfil specific requirements. Technology Rationale Research-driven Industry-driven Within the research community, virtualization has become a key enabler for the “Future Internet”: it will potentially allow the rapid deployment of new network architectures and protocols. Some vendors are already unveiling virtualization-enabling products (e.g. Juniper’s TX Matrix Plus / JCS 1200). Benefits, oportunities and threats Providers for an operatorInfrastructure are still not clear. TELEFÓNICA I+D © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal Each Vnet can be engineered to carry a specific service or can be rented to a third party. Vnets are isolated from each other in terms of QoS and control. Network Virtualization from an operator’s perspective Brainstorming of potential, future-term implications. Realistic Business Models Operational excellence Single Network, Multiple Services Enabling the seamless deployment of whole new networks over a common IP infrastructure. VNet renting service to different Business Units, or network sharing in emerging markets. Disruptive Business Models Changes in the Value Chain Cost optimization in case of regulatory separation of business and infrastructure operator. Network Externalization: Freeze network investment and become a VNet operator. Potential new revenues Allowing TCO reduction. Dedicated VNets to third parties Open garden: net- neutral added value access services (e.g. for P2P networks) VNO (VNet Operator): complete VNet selling to a third party (ej. Google). Search for income sharing. TELEFÓNICA I+D © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal ARD 4W Future Internet Services Support for new Internet Architectures and interconnection models. Event-driven global VNet creation (e.g. soccer world championship). VNet renting to specialized micro-operators (e.g. user generated networks). Network Virtualization from an operator’s perspective Self-reselling network operator The typical approach of “logical infrastructures” is role splitting… …an alternative would be network provider’s internal operational separation. — Multiple networks over the same infrastructure. — The operator keeps the control of the value chain. — Rapid service/architecture deployment (reduced time-to-market). Per application Network Planes Internet ARD 4W Network Service Provider IT-services Media-services Physical Network Infrastructure Provider Might have been a good thing e.g. for mobile but… isn’t it too late? What about statistical multiplexing? Do we lose it? Doesn’t this approach go against the rule “postpone non needed investments”? Virtualization might anyway just become a new configurable feature of future IP routers TELEFÓNICA I+D © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal Network Virtualization from an operator’s perspective Vnet leasing as the next generation VPN ARD 4W What is the difference to current VPN services? — Routing capability? — Reconfigurability and control by the user? — Capability to deploy new architectures? (is this realistic?) Network Operator Where is the business model? Which kind of charging? Cheaper or more expensive than current VPNs? — Which would be the marging for the infrastructure provider? — Isn’t it usually cheaper to deploy your own core network? — Is a service-oriented income sharing feasible at all? Vnet X Core Network Not clear business model yet. Maybe in the long term? TELEFÓNICA I+D 13 Network Operator Infrastructure & Network Service Provider — © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal Network Operator Index ARD 4W 01 IST WARD Project 02 Network Virtualization from an operator’s perspective 03 Challenges for Core Network Virtualization 04 Conclusions TELEFÓNICA I+D 14 © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal ARD 4W Challenges for Core Network Virtualization Virtual Nodes and Virtual Links in the core network Virtual Nodes in the core: — Virtual nodes would be deployed both at the edges (to provide PoPs) and in the core (to provide routing capability). — Router management and configuration would be leased to the Vnet client (e.g. to perform its own routing or QoS decisions). — Router providers are starting to develop virtualization products Highly Virtualizable core IP nodes (e.g. Juniper announced a new “core virtualization” strategy with the TX Matrix Plus, Feb 09) Virtual Links in the core : — — — — From a transport point of view, several link virtualisation techniques (e.g. ATM, 802.1q, MPLS) could be used. IP/MPLS core Virtualizable Virtualizable IP edge nodes Virtual links can be instantiated as transport paths between IP edge nodes source and destination (e.g. control protocol). If each node in the end-to-end path maintains a session state, potential scalability issues may arise. A How to assure QoS and isolation within Vlinks? Scalability and isolation (QoS) challenges for link virtualization TELEFÓNICA I+D Physic Virtual Virtual al link node Substrate interface node 15 © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal C B Virtual link Virtual link aggregate Challenges for Core Network Virtualization Link Virtualization with MPLS ARD 4W A two level virtualization technique would be desired to solve the scalability issue — A virtual link aggregate merges all virtual links which follow a common path between source and destination virtual nodes. Awareness of virtual links is only required from end points. — Core routers perform virtual link aggregates forwarding. Edge nodes perform termination of virtual link aggregates and virtualisation. Physical link Virtual link Virtual link aggregate / Virtual path But… how to deal with link isolation? Are current QoS strategies enough? Do they scale? Alternative approaches on how to proceed : — Design a VNet-specific link virtualisation solution from scratch: solving scalability & QoS issues. — Adapting and extending available solution (e.g. MPLS) taking VNet requirements into account. — Use available solutions (e.g.MPLS) unchanged (with the identified limits). TELEFÓNICA I+D 16 © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal Index ARD 4W 01 IST WARD Project 02 Network Virtualization from an operator’s perspective 03 Challenges for Core Network Virtualization 04 Conclusions TELEFÓNICA I+D 17 © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal ARD 4W Conclusion Virtualization has a strong potential (at least to move research forces) to play a key role in the Future Internet. Key messages from an operator’s perspective: — Business use cases for a telecom operator are far from being clear. — There are potential scalability and QoS challenges in the deployment of Virtual Networks in current core networks. 4WARD aims at providing both demonstration facilities and developing realistic business cases for network virtualization from an industrial perspective. TELEFÓNICA I+D 18 © 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal TELEFÓNICA I+D © 2008 2007 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal