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CS405 Parallel Computing BS-Computer Science (SSUET) LECTURE 14: VIRTUALIZATION Virtualization A layer mapping its visible interface and resources onto the interface and resources of the underlying layer or system on which it is implemented Purposes Abstraction – to simplify the use of the underlying resource (e.g., by removing details of the resource’s structure) Replication – to create multiple instances of the resource (e.g., to simplify management or allocation) Isolation – to separate the uses which clients make of the underlying resources (e.g., to improve security) Virtual Machines: Lecturer: Engr. Muhammad Nadeem Page 1 CS405 Parallel Computing BS-Computer Science (SSUET) Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM): 1. A virtualization system that partitions a single physical “machine” into multiple virtual machines. 2. Terminology a. Host – the machine and/or software on which the VMM is implemented b. Guest – the OS which executes under the control of the VMM Hypervisor: 1. In computing, a hypervisor (also: virtual machine monitor) is a virtualization platform that allows multiple operating systems to run on a host computer at the same time. The term usually refers to an implementation using full virtualization. 2. Hypervisors are currently classified in two types: a. Type 1 hypervisor (or Type 1 virtual machine monitor) is software that runs directly on a given hardware platform (as an operating system control program). A "guest" operating system thus runs at the second level above the hardware. b. Type 2 hypervisor (or Type 2 virtual machine monitor) is software that runs within an operating system environment. A "guest" operating system thus runs at the third level above the hardware. Lecturer: Engr. Muhammad Nadeem Page 2