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The Future of PETAL Technology Frank O’Connor ATN 2001 18th September 2001 PETAL-II Datalinks SAS, Lufthansa American Airlines SRA, ANZ, UAL, DLH, QFA, SIA, ACA, COA NEAN ATN FANS-1/A (VDLM4) (VDLM2) (ACARS) Maastricht ATN Concept – ATN is a Mobile Aviation Internetwork which • Provides Communications support for ATC and AOC traffic • Interconnects Airborne and Ground Systems • Provides High Availability, Prioritisation and other features required to support ATC traffic • Provides a strategy for Integration of different types of Networks • Integrates with and complements existing network infrastructure • Re-uses existing products and technology – ATN also Defines a set of CNS/ATM specific applications ATN Distinguishing Features – – – – – – – Mobile Routing Enhanced End-to-End Data Integrity Priority and Pre-emption Traffic Type (Security Parameter) Identification Policy Based Routing Air/Ground Datalink Compression Bit-Oriented Application Support using condensed Packed Encoding Rules (PER) – Certified Software ATN Technology Origins • International Standards Based – OSI was Governmental Standard when ATN Standards Development began • Re-Use where Practical – Existing Standards and Technologies – Existing Infrastructure and Products • Extend Standards where Necessary – – – – Air/Ground Segment Mobility End-to-End Reliability CNS/ATM Specific Applications ATN Unique Protocols and Standards – ATN Application Service Elements for: • CM • CPDLC • ADS – Mobile SNDCF and associated IS-SME – Connected Oriented (v8208) Network Circuit between Airborne Router and Ground System ATN Re-use/Extension to Standards (cont.) – ATN Addressing Plan to provide unique addressing for ATN Airborne and Ground Systems – ATN Router (Intermediate System) Protocols • Networking Protocols adapted to support Mobile Internet • OSI Routeing Exchange Protocols Extended to support Mobility, Prioritisation and Traffic Types – IDRP (Inter-Domain Routeing Protocol) – ES-IS (End-System to Intermediate System Protocol) • CLNP (Connectionless Network Protocol) extended to support traffic type and prioritisation • v8208 (8208 extended for VDL use) • Policy Based Routing ATN Re-use/Extension to Standards – ATN End-System Protocols • Provide the Airborne and Ground Applications with an ATN Interface to enable communication between them • Dialogue Service Specified over Fast Byte Upper Layer Communications Services • Transport Protocol(COTP/CLTP) enhanced to provide end-to-end integrity, and traffic type support Why IP is not used instead of OSI – OSI was a Governmental Standard when ATN Development started – OSI has some advantages but a change to TCP/IP would be a major cost that cannot be technically or economically justified – New SARPS would need to be developed – IP Protocols would need to be extended in the same way as OSI to provide Mobility, End-to-End Integrity ….. – Certified Products would need to be developed ATN Datalink Components in PETAL • Avionics Systems • VDL Mode-2 Ground Infrastructure • Maastricht ATC Systems PETAL ATN Datalink Components Rockwell Collins Avionics CMU VDR Mode-2 CM/CPDLC Apps. Air ATS ES Stack Airborne Router VDL-M2 Gnd Station Air/Gnd Router ARINC VDLM2 Ground Infrastructure Gnd/Gnd Router Gnd/Gnd Router Gnd ATS ES Stack Maastricht FDPS Avionics Systems • Rockwell Collins CMU-900 – Airborne ATN Router – Airborne End-System Stack – CM/CPDLC Applications • VDR (Mode-2) • MCDU Airborne Router – Establishes/Releases Mobile Connections to Air/Ground Routers over Available Sub-networks – Relays Data between the Aircraft and Air/Ground Routers, handling compression – ATN/OSI Technology include: • Mobile Routeing Protocols – IS-SME – ES-IS – IDRP • CLNP (Connectionless Network Protocol) • Mobile SNDCF • v8208 Sub-network Support Airborne End-System Stack – Provides the Airborne Applications with an ATN Interface to enable communications with the Ground System Applications – ATN/OSI Technology include: • CM & CPDLC ASEs (Application Service Elements) • Upper Layer Communications Services • COTP (Connection Oriented Transport Protocol) VDL Mode-2 Ground Infrastructure • VDL M2 Ground Stations • ATN Air/Ground Routers • ATN Ground/Ground Routers • Infrastructure Interconnections VDL Mode-2 Ground Stations – Controls the Establishment/Release of VDL Links between Airborne and Ground Radios – Integrates the Ground VDRs with the Ground Networks by acting as a bridge – Interfaces with the Air/Ground Routers – ATN/OSI Technology: • v8208 to provide connection-oriented VDL network link • 8208 to provide connection to Air/Ground Router Air/Ground Routers – Keeps track of Aircraft connected to it and handles Mobility and Hand-over between Aircraft – Propagates Routing Information using IDRP – Relays Data between Aircraft and Ground Network – ATN/OSI Technology: • Mobile Routeing Protocols – IS-SME – ES-IS – IDRP • CLNP (Connectionless Network Protocol) • Mobile SNDCF • 8208 Sub-network Support Ground/Ground Routers – Propagates Routing Information for Aircraft and Ground system throughout Network using IDRP – Relays Data between Ground Systems – ATN/OSI Technology: • IDRP Routeing Protocols • CLNP (Connectionless Network Protocol) • 8208 and other Sub-network Support Infrastructure Interconnections – Interconnections between Ground systems such as VDL Ground Stations, Ground/Ground Routers and End-System was accomplished using existing networks and products. – The networks used include: • IP and OSI LANs • X.25 • Other underlying networks used by telecom service providers Maastricht ATC Systems • ATIF Ground/Ground Router • ATIF End System Stack • Flight Data Processing System Maastricht ATIF Ground/Ground Router – Propagates Routing Information to/from External Networks – Relays Data between Ground ATC Centre and External Networks – ATN/OSI Technology: • IDRP Routeing Protocols • CLNP (Connectionless Network Protocol) • 8208 and other Sub-network Support Maastricht ATIF End-System Stack – Provides the ATC Applications with an ATN Interface to enable communications with the Aircraft Applications – ATN/OSI Technology include: • • • • CM & CPDLC ASEs (Application Service Elements) Upper Layer Communications Services COTP (Connection Oriented Transport Protocol) CLNP (Connectionless Network Layer) Airtel ATN’s Involvement – Airtel ATN was originally part of Retix, an OSI COTS Software Supplier – Retix Supplied OSI Software for Early ATN Prototype such as EURATN – Retix developed the TAR, TTS and Airborne TAR for Eurocontrol in support of ATIF and European ADS Trails based on Re-Use of COTS Software – Airtel developed Airborne CM, CPDLC and ADS applications used in pre-PETAL trials – TAR, TTS and Airborne TAR/TTS used in prePETAL trails on QinetiQ (DERA) BAC-111 and at Eurocontrol (Bretigny) site Airtel ATN’s Involvement (cont.) – The Extended and Enhanced Retix OSI COTS software is incorporated into the following PETAL systems: • Rockwell Collins CMU-900 ATN Router and Upper Layer Communication Services • ARINC Air/Ground and Ground/Ground ATN Router Software • ProATN Ground/Ground Routers and End-Systems used in the Maastricht centre Future Direction of ATC Datalink Technologies – Co-existence of ATN/IP • IP and ATN Traffic sharing same networks and datalinks where permitted • IP used for Airline and Passenger Communications • Standardised IP Sub-network to enable use of existing public and private IP networks within the ATN – Additional Sub-Network Support • • • • VDLM4/VDLM3 as ATN Sub-Networks Spread Spectrum CDMA SATCOM Broadband Network Wireless LAN Gatelink Future Direction of ATC Datalink Technologies (cont.) – Security • Utilise Industry Standard PKI (Public Key Encryption) Techniques, Procedures and Products • Authentication of Mobile Systems (Aircraft) by DSP and ATSO • End-to-End Confidentiality and Non-Disclosure