Download Challenges in Electronic Roads in the Information society

Challenges in Electronic Roads in the
Information society: Content-Based Image
Retrieval and IP DiffServ
ERIS
UCY
Y. Mylonas, C. Pattichis,
A.Pitsillides, S.Panis
Introduction

Network Diagram
 The second attached postscript file

Firstly two scenaria will be presented in order to
show the envisaged benefits of ERIS, and then the
technical infrastructure for the digital library and
network will be discussed HOW DID YOU GET
THE FOLLOWING RESULTS FOR SCENARIO
A AND B????? IF HYPOTHETICAL THEN
HOW DO YOU JUSTIFY THEM???? STATE
Current infrastructure:
Scenario A

Client A places request to:
– Search by text “akamas”
– Results Presented to the Client Screen
 10 images
 8 audios
 5 videos
 10 text documents
Current infrastructure:
Scenario B

Client D places request to:
– Search by text “Limasol”
– Results Presented to the Client Screen
 20 images
 6 audios
 7 videos
 12 text documents
Current Infrastructure issues

Some problems that the clients might run
into:
– Not enough bandwidth to receive all the media
– Can’t search by content the multimedia library.
– No Quality of Service offerred to the user.
Scenario A under ERIS

Client A places request to:
– Search by text “akamas”
– Results Presented to the Client Screen
 5 images
 2 audios
 1 video
 3 text documents
Scenario B

Client D places request to:
– Search by text “Limasol”
– Results Presented to the Client Screen
 5 images
 2 audios
 no video
 12 text documents
Advantages under ERIS

Advantages of using ERIS are:
– The media are filtered before presented to the
client.
– We can search by content.
– There is Quality of Service based on the
network status and bandwidth availability
Information Unit
Identifier
Metadata
Actual Content
System Architecture
Previous Stops
Initial Profile
User Profile
(UP)
Current
Position
(metadata)
User
Profile
Link Generator
(LG)
Next IUs Lists
Links
(groupID)
SR-2
System-based
Refiner (Link)
IU's Selector
(IUS)
SR-1
System-based
Refiner (IU)
IUs Lists
(groupID)
Links (Primary,
Lateral)
PUs/Page
composer
(PU)
Presentation Unit
Web Server
(WS)
User Agent
(UA)
User's next choice/link
(groupID)
Content-Based Image
Retrieval Module

CBIR
– Embedded in Information Unit Selector

CBIR capabilities
– Search by color
– Search by texture
– Search by shape
Content-Based Image
Retrieval

Extraction of features
Media
Resolution
Video
x
Image
x
Frames/secs
x
Size of Media
x
x
Audio
x
Voice
x
Text
x
Dublin Core Data Model

Basic Metadata

System Metadata
– Name
– Resolution
– Identifier
– Frames/sec
– Version
– Size of media
– Registration
– Color parameters
– Language
– Shape parameters
– Definition
– etc
– Obligation
– etc
System-Based Refiner

The System-Based Refiner filters out the no
important IUs.
 QoS
– It is used to manage the network resources more
efficiently by using a set of performance characteristics

Two types of QoS:
– Resource reservation (integrated services)
– Prioritisation (differentiated services)

These QoS protocols complement each other.
QoS Characteristics
– Service availability
– Delay
– Delay variation
– Throughput
– Packet loos rate
IP QoS Protocols

ReserVation Protocol (RSVP)
 Differentiated Services (DiffServ)
 Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)
DiffServ
• Traffic is classified at the edge router.
• Uses the eight-bit IPv4 type of service
(ToS)
• ToS is used as a marker to signal to the
routers.
• ToS was renamed to DS (Differentiated
Services)
DiffServ
• Expected to be used at the enterprise
backbones and in service provider
networks.
CU
DSCP
CU=currently unused (2 bits)
DSCP= Diff-Serv code point (6 bits)
DSCP=101100 indicates EF (Expedited Forwarding)
DSCP=000000 indicates DE (best effort)
others still under study
Database

Archiving Tool




Creates and modifies the semantic dictionary
Creates the relation of the IU based on the categories.
Written in Java.
Images stored in JPEG format.
– Different formats



Thumbnail format
120x179 pixels
Videos stored in MPEG-2 format
Integration of CBIR and IP QoS

Using the:
– User Profile

Proposed profile
– Recorded previous steps
– Network status



Available Bandwidth
Round-trip time delay
Transfer time
– The requested data
– System Metadata

Pre-recorded features
Conclusions

CBIR is needed for easier navigation and
search.
 QoS is a necessity.
 IP QoS is on its way but still need a lot of
work to be able to give good results.
 DiffServ and MPLS appears to be
promising for delivering IP QoS.