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Ambulance Data Transmission
 Requirements
 Overall considerations: FAX,Circuit,Packet.
 Systems available
–
–
–
–
–
–
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Mobitex
GSM & GPRS
3G(UMTS)
TETRA
Satellite
Mixed Systems
In Hospital systems
 Sussex example
 Conclusions
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Business Development Strategy
Requirements
 Country-wide coverage
 Security
 Availability
 Data volumes - 10Kb for ECG
 Expandability
 Integration
 Data transfer at hospital
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Business Development Strategy
Fax versus Data
 FAX Advantages
- Easy communication with Fax in hospital .
- transmission supported by several current
radio systems
 Data advantages
– Higher transmission speeds
– Better error protection
– Integration into overall Ambulance data systems
supporting several applications
– Much increased support for data in mobile systems
now coming to market
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Business Development Strategy
Data Transmission: Circuit vs Packet
Circuit Switched
Packet Switched
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- Continuous path
- Typically pay for connection time
- Continuous holding leads to greater
congestion
- Continuous path leads to better
performance for voice and video
- Individual packets sent separately only use
the path when there is something to send
- Typically pay for amount of data sent
- Bursty occupation leads to better sharing
of capacity in peak times
- Always connected operation leads to fast
data transfer
Business Development Strategy
Mobitex
 Mobitex: specialised Packet Radio system for data
– Mature system(in operation for 10 years)
– Good coverage in England
Rural Wales/Scotland/Northern Ireland not so good
– Data rate 2.5 kb/s
– Already installed in some ambulances
– Packet system with little high-volume use gives little contention
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Business Development Strategy
GSM
 Good coverage - some rural gaps
 In-built security encoding
 High availability and good resilience
– some tendency to local flooding when major movements of people
 Data Rate
– GSM Circuit Switched Data
High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD)
9.6 Kb/s
19.2-28.8 Kb/s
 Widespread roaming
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Business Development Strategy
Data connection in car for Ericsson R320
External vehicle
antenna
Car kit
control
box
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D ata Cable
HCD -10
The R320 sits in the car kit. The HCD -10 data
cable plugs into car kit control box. The phone
system connector at the other end of the cable can
then be connected to the DRS -10 (RS232 cable)
which then is plugged directly into the laptop.
The in built modem supports data transmission
RS232 Cable
DRS -10
Business Development Strategy
What is GPRS?

General Packet Radio Service bringing higher bit speeds

GPRS is a GSM service for end-to-end
packet switching

Reuse of existing infrastructure

Interworks with existing circuit-switched services

Based on standardised open interfaces
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Business Development Strategy
Radio Network Characteristics
• On demand or dedicated GPRS channels
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Business Development Strategy
GPRS
 Packet Based system using the same radio bearer as GSM
 In-built security
 Good coverage - works across whole GSM network with no
adaptation of radio and relatively small additions to central
network
 Availability - more resilient due to channel sharing
characteristics of packet
 Data rate up to 50Kb/s in practice (Headline rate 115Kb/s)
 System just coming on-stream this year
 Specification includes simultaneous voice and data but most
terminals will only do one at a time(Class B terminal)
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Business Development Strategy
3rd Generation Network Capabilities
High bit-rate services
–
–
384 kbps in the wide area
up to 2Mbps in indoor
environments
Optimized for packet data
transfer
Multimedia support
Simultaneous sessions
Dynamic user bandwidth
IP connectivity from
end to end
Data and voice
Seamless roaming
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Business Development Strategy
3G - What Does it Mean for the End User ?
Access to the “Mobile Internet”
• A wealth of information,
always available
New ways to communicate
and be entertained
• Image-based communication
• Advanced messaging
• High-quality audio and video
Personalisation
• My own set of differentiated
services
Service convergence
• Across networks, usage and countries
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Business Development Strategy
The Corporate 3G User
Real Mobile Data applications ….
“Always connected,
always online”
High-speed intranet extension
Remote LAN access
Advanced messaging
New types of communication still image and video
Workforce management
Seamless user experience fixed and mobile
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Business Development Strategy
3G(UMTS)
 System designed for Mobile Multi-Media (“Mobile Internet”)
 New spectrum round 2GHz
 Simultaneous voice and data
 Data : both Circuit switched and Packet switched
 Data rates:
– Circuit:
– Packet:
up to 386 Kb/s
up to 386 Kb/s
 Systems will come on-stream in 2002
 Early terminals will be dual-standard UMTS/GPRS/GSM so
there will be coverage to GSM limits but with enhanced data
rate and coverage in populated areas.
 Increased capacity and data rates will lead to higher
availability
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Business Development Strategy
TETRA
Phase1:
Coverage
Dolphin 90%
PSRCS ?
Voice
Data
- up to 28 Kb/s (interface spec not
currently available)
Priority and security systems
Phase 2:
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“3G compatible”
Higher data rates
Commonality of SIM with UMTS
Tends to become 3G access type
Date not known
Business Development Strategy
Satellite Systems
Type
Equipment
Per min
Subscription
Inmarsat
2.4Kb/s
£2000
£1.3
£10 per month
Inmarsat
64Kb/s
£6000
£4.5
£10
Iridium
2.4Kb/s
£670
£0.97
£10
£750
£0.9
£10
Globalstar 9.6Kb/s
Thurya
9.6Kb/s
note Thurya has dual GSM /satellite mode
Aerials Inmarsat 10cm globe others similar to GSM car kit
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Business Development Strategy
Joint Systems
Scenario with a parallel low-speed and high-speed data channel
eg
Mobitex
+
UMTS
Tetra
+
UMTS
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Business Development Strategy
Data transfer at hospital
 The wide area transmission techniques may not give sufficient
bandwidth for rapid in hospital data transfer.
 Systems designed for wide area use have relatively high
output power and should not be used near medical equipment.
 Use of Wireless LAN or Bluetooth systems would solve this.
 System choice should be on the basis of wider in hospital
requirements. Either would provide adequate transfer rates.
 Wireless LAN is widely available now and would be the system
for current installation.
 Bluetooth will be widely fitted as standard to data systems in
one to 2 years and could meet the need at that point.
 Wireless LAN has higher data rates and longer reach.
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Business Development Strategy
Sussex Situation
 Using MRL PIC
 Currently has Fax port
 Initial trials with Fax using GSM look promising as a short
term measure
 Data port being developed for MRL PIC.
 Mobitex has been adopted with Terrafix for maps etc.
 Data solution based on Mobitex looks the best way forward.
 Use of data system will allow separate applications to share
the same transmission mechanism.
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Business Development Strategy
Afterthoughts
 I did not mention SMS over GSM as a technique.This has the
advantages of security and resiliencev as SMS messages are
guarunteed to travel across the network.large data file can be
sentb as a series of linked SMS messages.
 Another technique fir increasing availability in a GSM solution
is to use a Guernsey subscription which gives accessto all of
the UK GSM networks and thus gives best possible coverage
and availability.
 For any further questions please contact me.MartinHills
email [email protected]
Tel
01444 234 800
Mob 07831 146 064
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Business Development Strategy
Conclusions
 Data system should be preferred to Fax
 Procurement of data hub in ambulance should be priority.
 Ambulance service will use a variety of the systems described
due to differences in current equipment and specific
geography
 High speed packet based transmission systems will be
available this year giving the basis for extensive data oriented
systems
ETL/Y/G-001:011 /21 R1
Business Development Strategy