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“Voice Over IP”
“The next telecoms revolution?”
Steve Hinde
HP Research Labs
[email protected]
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
TWO
WORLDS
COLLIDE
1998
Circuit
Switched
World
IP World
Beyond
2000
Data is Overtaking Voice
V
V(&D)
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
V/D
D(&V)
HP Research Lab
Voice and Data Growth
V
V(&D)
V/D
D(&V)
Home
Pots
Telephone +
Modem
ISDN
IP-dialtone
Mobile
GSM
SMS
GPRS/UMTS
IP appliance
Private Voice
Data over Voice
VPN/IP
VoIP
Telco (and ISP)
Telco as ISP
ISP as Telco
Circuit (+data)
Circuit/Packet
Packet only
Corporate net
Telco
Providers
Backbone
Circuit switched
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
Thursday, 25 May 2017
HP Research Lab
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6
An experiment in
multidiscipline research
Economics Regulatory policy
+ Computer Science
Research topics
xDSL group
Cost models for ISP and Intranets
Metanet, Application testbed
Yield management,
Architectural Implications of Internet Pricing Models
Activities
Researchprogram
Placements in MIT lab
ITC members meetings
Collaborative research
Impressive research team
Lee McKnight, Bill Lehr,
David Clark John Wroclawski
Russ Neuman
et al.
Intern
et
Community
Consortium members
Delta Three, Hewlett-Packard, Lucent, Media One
Mediatrix, NMS, NetSpeak, Nokia, Nortel, Sprint
Telecom Italia, Telenor, Telia, Vocaltec
IETF
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
http://itel.mit.edu
HP Research Lab
Voice over IP: Why?

Packet Switchs are more efficient than circuit switchs

Data traffic dominates Voice traffic

Business Opportunities
 Internet Toll bypass opportunity now

Intranet Enterprise data growth makes separate voice
network unneccasry

“Public Networks” Level 3 , Qwest, ICG, ISPs, AT&T etc

Standards H323
The result: 50% of Voice traffic will be over IP in 5-10 years
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Clarke’s model
Toll by-pass
PSTN GTW IP network GTW PSTN
•FCC opportunity
•Arbitrage
•Saving costs
Hybrid
IP network GTW PSTN
•VoIP client to
Phone
•Phone to VoIP
IP network
Next
IP
GTW PSTN GTW
•IP everywhere
•IP in the Local
loop
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
IP
Three peaks
Hybrid Networks
Voice-data convergence
E-commerce
IP communications
IP appliances
Amateurs
Toll by-pass
Today?
T
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
The consumer view
Time
“IP
IP
IP
Appliance
Appliance
Everywhere
Communications
Companies
Cross over
Hybrid
Telcos
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Belief I
Communication > Information
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Beyond the Information Age
Bandwidth
Data
Voice
CSPs
ISPs
Store &
Forward
Real-time
Usage
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Belief II
All Networks will> converge
on IP
Communication
Information
PSTN
ISDN Hybrid
IN
IP
IP
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
IP: The Great Leveller
Services
$s
IP
$s
Networks
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Belief III
Service Intelligence will migrate
from the core of the Network
Services will be variously spread across the network
from the core to the ISP/CSP to the enterprise
to the client
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Belief IV
Communications Systems will
increasingly become Soft
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Belief V
The Net will fundamentally change
in purpose
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
The Users’ View
The Net as Transport
The Net as a Magazine
The Net as a Place
1993
1998
c.2002
“The Net as a Meeting Place”
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Belief VI
Voice over IP (VoIP) is a
true pointer towards Convergence
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Belief VII
The Hybrid World is a Stepping Stone
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Three peaks
Hybrid Networks
Voice-data convergence
E-commerce
IP communications
IP appliances
Amateurs
Toll by-pass
Today?
T
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Belief VIII
The $1T Telecoms Market
is vulnerable in this disruption
•IP as the transport
•Distributed intelligence
•Increasing softness
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
WebIN
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
WebIN Background

Intelligent control over public telephony is buried
in the PSTN

Telephone services (800 number, VPN, call
distribution, personal number etc) are a significant
source of revenue for Telcos

Intelligence in the PSTN is being overshadowed by
intelligence outside the PSTN - the Internet

Intelligence in the network makes it easier to direct
calls to people, not terminals ...
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
The Intelligent Network

Telephony Services (e.g.
800 number, single
number, VPN)

Services implemented Service Layer
as point solutions... Switching Layer

Many problems a result
of centralisation

Integration at the
switching not the
service level

Standards develop at
glacial speeds
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
Operator 1
Operator 2
Servic
e
Contro
l Point
Servic
e
Contro
l Point
Service
Switchin
g Point
Service
Switchin
g Point
HP Research Lab
The WebIN Architecture

A hybrid architecture



Service logic & subscriber information are held
on the Internet
Interfaced to the service control point for
bearer channel and resource control
Web Server
Internet
Tel#->URL
DNS Lookup
Fundamental elements:



IN services can access Internet resources via
an Internet gateway (the WebSCP)
Internet resources return service data (e.g. a
destination telephone number) to the IN
service
There is a global Tel# -> URL translation
service based on DNS to allow the correct
Internet resource to be identified for each
subscriber.
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
DN
S
HP Research Lab
Gateway
Servic
e
Contro
l Point
Service
Switchin
g Point
Lets all meet on the Web!
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
The WWW as a Medium

The WWW isn’t a new kind of paper post (but quicker) or a
new kind of telephone (with accompanying HTML).

The WWW is a new communication medium (like radio,
film, TV … but different)

The WWW combines transaction, entertainment,
messaging and real-time communications

The WWW can support & integrate the entire marketing
process

In transition from hypermagazine ->client-server ->
entertainment adjunct -> social spaces
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Technical Evolution
PSTN
Digital Voice
VoIP
3D Audio &
Graphics
TCP/IP
2D
Graphics
Java
WWW
Cyberspace*
1998
Analogue
Broadcast
MPEG2
Digital
MPEG4/7
Broadcast
Digital
Audio
Digital
Audio
2D
Graphics
3D
Graphics
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
Matrix*
HP Research Lab
Multiverse*
*with thanks to William
Gibson & Neal Stephenson
Virtual Helsinki as a Digital
Site in Cyberspace
Intranet - and meeting point - for
citizens of Helsinki

Channel for cultural and business
activities

IP-based multimedia network
(Nokia, Ipsilon technology)

Keeping Finland at the forefront of
early adoption of communication
technologies

Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Three peaks
Hybrid Networks
Voice-data convergence
E-commerce
IP communications
IP appliances
Amateurs
Toll by-pass
Today?
T
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Gating factors for the third
peak

IP Pipe into the home

Cheap Wide Area IP Networks

IP Appliances that open IP Communications to mass
consumer market

New applications that couldn’t happen down 64k pipe!

“Always on applications” e.g. home monitoring

High bandwidth IP pipes to home - Multimedia comes of
age.
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
The Local Loop story...
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
The evolving Network
Wireless Local Loop
xDSL Local Loop
Core Network
Mobile
Cable
MSC
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
POTS
Cable TV
Copper
Coax
TV
Radio
Broadcast
Past industry structure of residential access
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Ref. ITC D. Clark http://itel.mit.edu
IAP
POTS
CLEC
Copper
Radio
Internet
ADSL
HFC
Coax
TV
VDSL
Satellite
Broadcast
Emerging industry structure of residential access
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Ref. ITC D. Clark http://itel.mit.edu
Phone
Internet
CLEC
Copper
Coax
Satellite
Wireless
Alternatives for access to telephone system
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Ref. ITC D. Clark http://itel.mit.edu
E-Mail
IAP
Radio
TV
Internet
Phone
POTS
ADSL
Copper
Radio
HFC
Coax
Wireless
Satellite
Potential industry structures surrounding the Internet
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab
Ref. ITC D. Clark http://itel.mit.edu
Summary

Telecommunications is changing radically under
the influence of the convergence of networks

VoIP is an example of convergence
Voice Over IP BCS Talk, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol
HP Research Lab