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FIRE
BACnet:
An Overview
FIRE
Why BACnet?
FIRE
Integrated Network Systems
General Overview

Physical
Plant
Campus Network Today
Campus LAN
Bldg. 1
Building
Management Supplier
Gateways
Access
Control
Fire
Alarm
Security
Campus
Police
AC
Shop
Engineering
Building Management Supplier
Software
FIRE
Open Network Topology
General Overview

Physical
Plant
Future Campus Network
Bldg. 1
HVAC
Lighting
Security
Access
Fire Alarm
Campus LAN
Campus
Police
AC
Shop
Engineering
FIRE
Economical Reasons
Different manufacturers;
Single system head-end, multi-access;
Well defined system responsibilities;
Reduced manpower;
Training;
Use of existing network infrastructure.
FIRE
Technical Reasons
Sensor reuse

Heat;

Lighting.
Smoke Control System Equipment (UUKL) data passing.
Coordination of all control systems

Alarm resolution;

Report generation;

Multi-sensor correlation.
Flexible system design.
FIRE
Integrated Network Systems
HVAC
Panel
UUKL
Panel
HVAC
Panel
Lighting
Panel
Control Panel
UUKL Panel
Control Panel
Control Panel
LAN
Control Panel
FIRE Panel
FIRE
Panel
FIRE Panel
FIRE
Panel
Control Panel
Securit
y
Panel
Vertical Lift
Panel
FIRE
Campus
Network
World
Net
Campus Level
World Level
Single Building Level
Desired View - Global Access
FIRE
Fire Control Stays Local
4120 Network
4020
Control
4020
4020
4020
4020
Campus
WAN
Control
4100
4002
FCP
4100
Control
4100
4020
Control
4020
4020
4020
MAPNET
F
I
R
E
FI RE
ALARM
PUSH
PULL DOWN
FIRE
Background
Typical applications:

HVAC controls;

Lighting controls;

Security (access control);

Fire detection systems;

Fire suppression systems;

Elevators;

Other control equipment and systems.
Future is virtually limitless.
FIRE
Bacnet Application Concepts
Facilitate the use of digital control technology.

Defined data protocols;

Application services.
Abstract object oriented information:

Input & output values (Binary, Analog, Multi-stage);
 Text string values;
 Schedule information;
 Alarm & event information;
 Files;
 Control logic.

Object -- access to information without knowing details.
FIRE
Building Automation Control
BACnet
OSI Basic Reference Model
7
BACnet Layers
Applications Layer
6
5
Presentation Layer
4
3
Transport layer
2
1
data link layer
BACnet Application Layer
Session Layer
Network Layer
BACnet Network Layer
ISO 8802-2 (IEEE 802.2)
Type 1
ISO 8802-3
(IEEE 802.3)
ARCNET
MS/TP
PTP
EIA-485
EIA-232
Physical Layer
BACnet is a loosely coupled protocol allowing for greater
flexibility in the data link layer -- though well defined in the
network and application layer for information interoperability
FIRE
BACnet Application Protocol
Data Representation

Objects.
Application Services

Ways to access the data.
Network Services

Methods to have access to devices on the network.
FIRE
Binary Input Object
PROPERTY
BACnet
Object_Identifier
Required
Object_Name
Required
Object_Type
Required
Present_Value
Required
Description
Optional
Device_Type
Optional
Status_Flags
Required
Event_State
Required
Reliability
Optional
Out_Of_Service
Required
Polarity
Required
Inactive_Text
Optional
Active_Text
Optional
Change_Of_State_Time
Optional
Change_Of_State_Count
Optional
Time_Of_State_Count_Reset Optional
Elapsed_Active_Time
Optional
Time_Of_Active_Time_Reset Optional
Time_Delay
Optional
Notification_Class
Optional
Alarm_Value
Optional
Event_Enable
Optional
Acked_Transitions
Optional
Notify_Type
Optional
EXAMPLE
(Binary Input, Instance 1)
"MAPNET point M1-35"
BINARY_INPUT
ACTIVE
“First Floor ZAM"
“ABC Pressure Switch"
{TRUE,FALSE,FALSE,FALSE}
OFFNORMAL
NO_FAULT_DETECTED
FALSE
NORMAL
“Static Pressure OK”
“High Pressure Alarm”
(23-MAR-1995, 19:01:34.0)
134
(1-JAN-1995, 00:00:00.0)
401
(1-JAN-1995, 00:00:00.0)
10
3
ACTIVE
{TRUE,FALSE,TRUE}
{FALSE,TRUE,TRUE}
ALARM
FIRE
BACnet Services
Alarm & Event
13

Ack Alarm
C

Conf COV Notification
C

Conf Event Notification
C

Get Alarm Summary
C

Gen Enrollment Sum
C

Subscribe COV
C

Unconfirm COV Not
U
Object Access
15
File Access
14

Atomic Read File
C

Atomic Write File
C
Remote Device MGT16

Device Comm Control

Confirm Private Transfer C

unconfirmed Private Transfer

Conf Text Msg
C

UnConf Text Msg
U

Time Synch
U
C

Add List Elem
C

Who-Has
U

Remove List Element
C

I-Have
U

Create Obj
C

Who-IS
U

Delete Obj
C

I-am
U

Read Prop
C

Read Prop Cond
C

read Prop Multiple
C

Write Prop
C

Write Prop Multiple
C
Virtual Terminal 17

VT Open
C

VT Close
C

VT Data
C
U
FIRE
BACnet Functional Groups
FUNCTION GROUP
DESCRIPTION
Clock
Capabilities generally associated with having a clock.
Hand-held Workstation
Hand-held or portable workstation capabilities.
Personal Computer Workstation
Main operator workstation capabilities.
Event Initiation
Detect and generate alarms and events.
Event Response
Ability to respond to alarms and events.
COV Event Initiation
Ability to initiate change-of-value notifications.
COV Event Response
Subscribe to and receive change-of-value notifications.
Files
Capability to read, write, upload and download files.
Reinitialize
Ability to be reinitialized from remote device.
Virtual Operator
Capable of providing operator side of virtual terminal session.
Virtual Terminal
Capable of providing server side of virtual terminal session.
Device Communications
supported.
Device Communication Control Service request execution
Time Master
Able to initiate Time Synchronization Service request.
FIRE
BACnet Protocol
Cloud
Control
Cloud
Status
4120
Set host
CPP
UDP
port - X’BAC0’
BACnet
EQB, RQB
BACnet Net
Virtual layer
IP
4120 NM
SLIP, PPP
4120 DL
Ethernet
HDLC, etc.
232
Arcnet
Phone
Network
RS485
Lon
Talk
Master
Slave
Token
Passing
RS485
RS485
232
FIRE
Data Link Transport Formats
ISO 8802-3 (IEEE 802.3) or Ethernet.
ANSI/ATA 878.1 or ARCNET.
Master Slave/Token Passing or MS/TP.
Point-to-Point or PTP.
LonTalk - proprietary technology developed by the
Echelon Corporation.
FIRE
Ethernet
Pros
Cons

Internat’l standard.

High cost.

Exists in most bldgs.

Distance limitations.

Ease of interface to PC’s.


No develop. tools.
Non-Deterministic
(contention based).

Very fast comm. (10 to
100Mbps).

Transport media
(unshielded twisted pair
(UTP), coax, fiberoptic).
FIRE
ARCNET
Pros
Cons

ANSI standard.

Single source chip.

Deterministic.


Scaleable speed.
Too costly for low-end
unitary controllers.

No develop. tools.

Distance limitations.

High performance;
medium cost.

Very fast comm. (150K to
7.5Mbps).

Transport media (UTP,
coax, fiberoptic).
FIRE
MS/TP
Pros
Cons

ANSI standard.

Deterministic.

Low cost.

Implementation in single
chip microprocessors.

Transport media (EIA485).

Limited speed (9.6K to
76Kbps).
FIRE
PTP
Pros
Cons

Only choice for dial-up
connections.

Transport media (point-topoint only; EIA 232).

Special design for pointto-point applications.

Limited speed (9.6K to
56Kbps).

Accommodates modern
modem standards
(V.32bis, V.42).
FIRE
LonTalk
Pros
Cons

Scaleable speed (32K to
1.25Mbps).

Non-deterministic
(contention based).

Transport media (UTP,
coax, RF, IR, fiberoptic).

Distance limitations.

Single source chip
(Motorola and Toshiba).

Need develop. tools.

Limited application size.
FIRE
BACnet Transport Formats
higher
Ethernet
Cost
ARCNET
LonTalk
MS/TP
Speed
faster
FIRE
BACpac Portal
BACnet compatible
HVAC integration tested
NIST tested for compatibility
Building control integration tested
Pre-Tested to ASHRAE Updated Standards and UL
Listed
FIRE
Simplex BACpac Portal (4190-9008)
BACpac Port A
TB2-1 TX
TB2-2 RX
TB2-5 GND
BACpac Port A
TB2-1 TX
TB2-2 RX
TB2-5 GND
4100 Port B
TB2-3 RX
TB2-1 TX
TB2-5 GND
4020 Port B
TB1-8 RX
TB1-6 TX
TB1-10 GND
Port Settings
Computer Port
9600 Baud
Even Parity
8 Bits
1 Stop Bit
FIRE
Simplex BACpac Portal
BACnet
Workstation
PTP
(EIA 232)
PTP
(EIA 232)
Portal
Portal
EIA 232
50 ft Max.
PTP
LAN
PTP
(EIA 232)
Portal
EIA 232
50 ft Max.
Node
EIA 232
50 ft Max.
Node
Node
PULL TO OPEN DOOR
EMERGENCY OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS
OPERATOR
INTERFACE
ALARM OR TROUBLE CONDITION:
- SYSTEM INDICATOR FLASHING, TONE ON.
. . . .
FIRE
PANEL
ALARM
PRIORITY 2
ALARM
SYSTEM
SYSTEM
SUPERVISORY TROUBLE
. .
SIGNALS
POWER
SILENCED
ON
ALARM
SILENCE
SYSTEM
RESET
TO ACKNOWLEDGE:
- PRESS "ACK" LOCATED UNDER FLASHING
INDICATOR.
- REPEAT OPERATION UNTIL ALL REPORTS ARE
ACKNOWLEDGED.
TO SILENCE ALARM SIGNALS:
- PRESS "ALARM SILENCE".
ALARM
ACK
ALARM
ACK
SUPV
ACK
ACKNOW LEDGE
4020
TBL
ACK
TO RESTORE SYSTEM TO NORMAL:
- PRESS "SYSTEM RESET."
- PRESS "ACK" TO SILENCE TONE DEVICE.
Node
FIRE ALARM CONTROL
4100
4100U
GCC
FIRE
BACpac Portal on Ethernet LAN
HVAC
Panel
Control Panel
Lighting
Panel
UUKL
Panel
Control Panel
UUKL Panel
BACnet
Workstation
Ethernet
LAN
Ethernet
PTP to
Ethernet
PTP
(EIA 232)
4100U
50 ft Max.
Portal
EIA 232
50 ft Max.
Control Panel
Control Panel
Securit
y
Panel
Vertical Lift
Panel
FIRE
Simplex...
Offers BACnet interconnectivity
Unlocks the gateway barrier to proprietary building
management networks
Reduces the cost of information exchange