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Sidevõrgud
IRT 0020
loeng 3
25. sept. 2005
Avo Ots
telekommunikatsiooni õppetool
raadio- ja sidetehnika instituut
[email protected]
1
Mudeli täiendused
7 Application
e. g. Workflow
6 Presentation
G.711 / G.723.1 / G.729
5 Session
H.323 / H.450 / RTP
4 Transport
TCP / UDP
3 Network
IP
DiffServ
2 Data Link
MAC
802.1 D
1 Physical
Transmission Medium
2
Kihid
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Rakendus
Application
Esitlus
Presentation
WAE, HTTP,
RFC821,822
ISO 8859-15
Session
SSL, WSP
Transport
Transport
TCP RFC 793,
UDP RFC 768
Võrk
Network
Seanss
Kanal
Füüsiline (ühendus)
Data link
Physical
RFC 791 IP,
RFC 792 ICMP
IEEE 802.11a
Cat5, RS-232D
3
Kvaliteet
4
Sidesüsteemi mõjutavad
Fraud
Internet
Hacker
VPN
Interception
Fraud
Fraud
Viruses
5
Kvaliteet IP-võrgu kaudu
Harukontor
Peakorter
IP
(LAN)
IP
(LAN)
QoS
IP
(WAN)
Router
Router
6
The Internet
Every machine
transparently connected to
every other
The Problem
• only nodes on the same physical/link layer
network could communicate
8
Solution
Gateways
9
Piirkonnad ja piirpinnad
T
T
T
GW
SCN
GW
GK
GW
MCU
T
T
10
Juurdepääsu viisid võrku
Terminaal
Raadioühendus
Võrk
Teenused
60 GHz
ATM
speech
17 GHz
Internet
video
5 GHz
Intranet
QoS data
……..
best-effort
data
40 GHz
Phone
PDA
laptop
WLAN
WLL
Satellite
Virtuaalsed teed ja kanalid (VPI, VCI)
VPI-10, 50 Mb/s
STM 1 155 Mb/s
VCI-100
VCI-101
VCI-100
VCI-101
VPI-20, 60 Mb/s
12
WCDMA kanalid
Channels broadcast to all UE in the cell
P-CCPCH- Primary Common Control Physical Channel
SCH - Sync Channel
P-CPICH - Primary Common Pilot Channel
S-CPICH - Secondary Common Pilot Channel(s)
Paging Channels
S-CCPCH - Secondary Common Control Physical Channel
PICH - Page Indication Channel
Random Access and Packet Access Channels
Base
Station
PRACH - Physical Random Access Channel
(BS)
PCPCH - Common Physical Packet Channel
AICH - Acquisition Indication Channel
AP-AICH - Acquisition Preamble Indication Channel
User
Equipment
(UE)
CD/CA-AICH - Collision Detection Indication Channel
CSICH - CPCH Status Indication Channel
Dedicated Connection Channels
DPDCH - Dedicated Physical Data Channel
DPCCH - Dedicated Physical Control Channel
F-PDSCH - Physical Downlink Shared Channel
13
Spectrum Usage
Licensed Bands
Unlicensed Band
• 2.5GHz (2.3-2.4; 2.5-2.7)
• 3.5GHz (3.3-3.7)
• 5.8GHz (5.25-5.85)
N. America
2.5 & 5.8 GHz
W. & E. Europe
3.5 & 5.8 GHz
APAC
3.5 & 5.8 GHz
Middle East &
Central & S. America Africa
2.5, 3.5 & 5.8 GHz
3.5 & 5.8 GHz
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UTRAN OSI Model
Layer 3
Radio Resource Control (RRC)
Logical channels
Layer 2
Medium Access Control (MAC)
- grouped by information content
- User Data
- Control and signaling
Transport channels
Layer 1
Physical layer
- grouped by method of transport
Physical channels
Direct RRC control
of the physical layer
Air Interface
Physical Channels Distinguished by:
- RF Frequency
- Channelization Code
- Spreading Code
- Modulation (I/Q) Phase (uplink)
- Timeslot (TDD mode)
15
Vastastikused häired
Interference Margin (dB)
Interference Margin (dB) and Load Factor
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Load Factor
16
Side loomine (connection establishment)
Nõudlus
A
B
Vastus (kinnitus)
17
Network structure (TUT)
- public access networks (PAN) isolated
from other networks in the edge routers
access
controller
Interne
t
- access from PAN to Internet controlled
by access controllers
- department ”intranets” may be protected
with access control lists / filters in the
edge routers
Main house
”intra”
networks
TUT core
network
- VLANs are used to separate access
controllers to own access controller
segment
- public access network is considered a
hostile network like the Internet
Main house
public access
network
Tietotalo
”intra”
networks
Tietotalo
public access
network
18
ISO OSI vs DoD mudel
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Process/
Application
Host-to-Host
Internet
Network Access
19
Võrkude ja teenuste ühendamine
T
T
G
T
T
R
T
R
T
T
20
Off-line customer management
Extended call control and IN charging
Terminal
Terminal
Telecom basic service/call control
Access Service
Transmission
Access Service
Linear Service Architecture in Legacy Network: Static Services
A User Service
Management
A Home Service
B Home Service
B User Service
Management
Control Service
A
Terminal
A
Portal
B
Portal
Session Service
Access
Transmission
B
Terminal
Access
Two-Dimension Service Architecture in NGN: Active Services
21
22
Protokollid
http://www.private.org.il/tcpip_rl.html
http://www.eix.co.uk/Ethernet/
http://www.mfaforum.org/education/atm_pres
entations.shtml
http://www.mfaforum.org/education/atm_cs.s
html
http://www.mfaforum.org/tech/superdemo_20
04.pdf
23