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CONVERGENCE
TECHNOLOGY
CENTER
Collin County
Community College
Chapter 2
Router, Switch, and IP Phone
Configuration
VoIP Basic Configuration
Voice over IP (VoIP) or IP Telephony is used by many large and small
business today. VoIP phones use the same network infrastructure as
the computer.
VoIP can be implemented on routers or severs using special Routers
use CallManager Express (CME) and Servers use Cisco CallManager.
Cisco now markets the products as Cisco Unified Communications.
CME or Unified Communications Manager Express works well in a
small to medium sized company when 240 or fewer phones are
needed. CallManager server is used in larger environments when
more than 240 phones are required.
Implementing Basic VoIP
At the basic level Cisco IP Telephony requires:
VoIP Phones
CallManager (Unified Communications) software
Switch (VoIP compatible)
Many modern Cisco routers can accommodate CallManager Express.
The IOS software can be downloaded from Cisco website using a
registered CCO account and Smartnet contract. Each router requires a
specific CME IOS version.
VLAN Basics
A VLAN is a unique broadcast domain. By default all ports on a Cisco
switch are set to VLAN 1. VoIP phones join a voice VLAN when
registering with the network. Computers use a separate data VLAN.
Terms associated with VLANs in this chapter include:
Default VLAN- all ports on an unconfigured (new) switch are
assigned to VLAN 1 or default VLAN
Management VLAN- VLAN used to control a switch remotely
Tagging a frame- process of embedding VLAN information
into a frame as it passes from one VLAN to another
Native VLAN- VLAN assigned when untagged frames enter a
VLAN
Connecting a IP Phone to Network
One of the benefits of VoIP networks is that an additional cable to the
wiring closet isn’t required. Instead of installing an additional cable,
the computer can be connected through the phone, and the phone
connected to the switch. Switches can also provide power to the
phone over the network cable using Power over Ethernet (PoE).
Computer
IP Phone
RJ-45 Jack
Switch
Router
Connecting a IP Phone to Network
Computer and IP phones are configured to be on different VLANs.
Even though the computer and IP phone share one wire they are
virtually on two different broadcast networks (VLANs).
Computer
VLAN 12
101.1.12.6/24
IP Phone
RJ-45 Jack
VLAN 5
101.1.5.6/24
VLAN 5 and 12 are carried in a trunk
between phone and switch
Switch
Router
VLAN 5 and 12 are carried
in a trunk between switch
and phone
Connecting a IP Phone to Network
Steps to Reset the 7940 and 7960 IP Phones to the Factory Default
In order to ensure the IP phones are clean from previous labs or
installations it may be necessary to reset the phone to factory
settings. The following steps will reset the phone.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Power the IP phone to by connecting to a PoE switch or power adapter.
Choose the main Date/Time window.
Press **# in order to unlock the Network Configuration on the phone.
Press Settings.
The Network Configuration lock symbol must be unlocked. If not, exit to
the main window and press ** # again.
6. Press 3 on the keypad (or scroll down) for Network Configuration.
7. Press 33 on the keypad (or scroll down) to Erase Configuration.
8. Press the Yes softkey.
9. Press the Save softkey.
10. The phone must now be reset.
Connecting a IP Phone to Network
In order to perform a factory reset of a phone if the password is set,
complete these steps:
1. Unplug the power cable from the phone, and then plug in the cable again.
2. The phone begins its power up cycle.
3. Immediately press and hold # and while the Headset, Mute, and Speaker
buttons begin to flash in sequence, release #.
4. The Headset, Mute, and Speaker buttons flash in sequence in order to
indicate that the phone waits for you to enter the key sequence for the
reset.
5. Press 123456789*0# within 60 seconds after the Headset, Mute, and
Speaker buttons begin to flash.
Continued next slide
Connecting a IP Phone to Network
In order to perform a factory reset of a phone if the password is set,
complete these steps:
6. If you enter this key sequence correctly, the phone displays this prompt:
Keep network cfg? 1 = yes 2 = no
7. In order to maintain the current network configuration settings for the
phone when the phone resets, press 1. In order to reset the network
configuration settings when the phone resets, press 2.
8. If you press another key or do not respond to this prompt within 60
seconds, the phone continues with its normal startup process and does
not reset. Otherwise, the phone goes through the factory reset process.
Connecting a IP Phone to Network
IP Phone Resources
Cisco IP Phone Tutorial
http://www.cisco.com/ELearning/bulk/public/celc/7960_Tutorial/index.html
Interactive 3D model of Cisco IP Phone
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/voicesw/ps6788/phone
s/ps379/ps8537/prod_presentation_ipphone_360_model.html
Chapter 2 Labs
Chapter Two Labs
2-1 Connecting an IP Phone to a Switch
2-2 Resetting the configuration on a IP Phone
2-3 IP Telephony IP Addressing
2-4 Configuring a router and integrated switch with CME
2-5 Configuring a router and external witch with CME
Questions?
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under
Grant No. 0402356. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material
are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation