Download Sleep and Rest

SLEEP AND REST
Definitions
 Rest: is a condition in which the body is in a
decreased state of activity without emotional
stress and freedom from anxiety.
 Sleep: is a state of rest accompanied of
altered level of consciousness and relative
inactivity, and perception to environment are
decreased.
Adequate rest and sleep are
important in:
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Promoting general health.
Ensuring recovery from illness.
Aid healing process.
Increase ability to learn and concentration
and recalling know lodge.
 Help person to be socially adaptable.
Sleep and rest disturbance will be imply:
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Irritable, anxiety and stress.
Fatigue.
Reduce work optimally
Seek assistance from physician.
Poor concentration.
Difficulty making decisions.
Normal sleep patterns and
requirements:
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Newborn: 16-18 hours /day
Infants: some 22 hours, and others from 12-14
Toddlers: 10-12 hours
Preschool: 11-12 hours
School-Age: 8- 12 hours
Adolescents: 8-10 hours
Adult: 6-8 hours
Elders: 6 hours
Factors Affecting Sleep
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Developmental considerations
Psychological stress
Motivation
Culture
Lifestyle and habits
Physical activity and exercise
Dietary habits
Environmental factors
Illness
Medications
Classification of Sleep Disorders
 Dyssomnias — characterized by insomnia
or excessive sleepiness
 Parasomnias — patterns of waking behavior
that appear during sleep
 Sleep disorders associated with medical or
psychiatric disorders
 Other proposed disorders
Dyssomnias
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Insomnia: difficulty falling asleep
Hypersomnia: excessive sleep
Narcolepsy: uncontrollable desire to sleep
Sleep apnea: absence of breathing between
snoring intervals
 Restless leg syndrome
 Sleep deprivation
Parasomnias
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Somnambulism: sleep walking
Sleep talking
Nocturnal erections
Bruxism: grinding of teeth during sleeping
Enuresis
Sleep-related eating disorder
Treatment for dyssomnias
 Pharmologic therapy
– Sedatives and hypnotics
 Nonpharmacologic therapy
– Stimulus control
– Sleep restriction
– Sleep hygiene
– Cognitive therapy
– Multicomponent therapy
– Relaxation therapy
Nursing Interventions to Promote Sleep
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Prepare a restful environment
Promote bedtime rituals
Offer appropriate bedtime snacks and beverages
Promote relaxation and comfort
Use night light
Provide privacy
Schedule nursing care to avoid disturbances
Use medications to produce sleep
Encourage patient to void before sleep
Remove any irritants against patients skin such as
moist or wrinkled sheets