Download Trichomonas Vaginalis.

TEAM CASE STUDY 3.
EUKARYOTIC –
PROTOZOA.
WELCOME.
HISTORY
A 24 year old woman is referred to a health
clinic as a result of contact from tracing a
case of gonorrhoea. She recently had
unprotected sex with her male partner but
showed no symptoms. A pelvic
examination recovers a greenish discharge
containing protozoa with characteristic
“jerky” motility. The woman tested negative
for gonorrhoea.
INFORMATION & QUESTIONS.
Medical history. Is she on any
medications?
Is she pregnant?
Does she have any abdominal pain?
Has her partner been examined? Has
she had any other STDs before?
MORE QUESTIONS CONT.
What’s her profession? Are there any
known allergies in her history?
Has she had any invasive surgeries (
abortion)?
Has she been traveling?
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS.
Giardiasis-caused by a diplomonad
protozoa of the intestinal tract.
Cryptosporidiosis-caused by a parasite &
acquired through contaminated drinking
water or food, or exposure to fecal/matter.
Bacterial Vaginosis-decline in lactobacilli.
1. Gardnerelle Vaginalis
2. Mycoplasma Hominis.
DIFFERENTIAL D. CONT.
Reaction to disruption of normal microbiota
by broad-spectrum antibodies.
Candida Albicans (Yeast) –caused by
erythromycin.
Trichomonas Vaginalis-parasite that infects
(Trichomonas) the reproductive sysytem. It
is a sexualy transmitted diseases called
Trichomoniasis.
LIST OF THE MOST PROBABLES.
1.Trichimoniasis- an oval trophozite with 5
flagella. Does not have a cyst.
2.Giardiasis- Has a cyst. Symptoms include
abdominal pain, flatus, nausea, vomiting,
loss of appetite, ineffective nutrients
absorption, low fever, foul smelly stool(
rotten eggs) like hydrogen sulfide.
3.Crytosporidiasis- banana shaped –
diagnosis is made from the oocysts in
the feces.
LIST CONT.
4.Yeast infection- caused by various
species of candida. Vaginal discharge
is curd like and slight.
5.Allergy- caused by erythromycin
which kills the lactobacteria.
6.Bacteria Vaginasis- caused by gram
positive bacteria which produces a
whitish discharge.
MOST LIKELY ETIOLOGICAL
AGENT.
Trichomonas vaginalis.
TESTS.
In men diagnosis is made from
urethra specimen.
In women a pelvic exam is performed
&vaginal samples collected. Then the
parasite is viewed under a
microscope (wet mount).
A culture.
TESTS CONT.
Wet mount of the vaginal discharge.
Stain viewed under fluorescent
microscope.
Polymerase chain reaction testing
(PCR).
DIAGRAM 1.
A trophozoite
vaginalis from
culture. Flagella
and single nucleus
are visible.
DIAGRAM 2.
Two trophozoites of
Trichomonas
Vaginalis.
DIAGRAM 3.
Trophozoites in a
vaginal smear.
( Papanicolaou
stain, oil
immersion).
SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION.
Kingdom-Protista.
Phylum-Metamonada.
Class-Parabasalia.
Order-Trichomonadida.
Genus-Trichomonas.
Species-T. vaginalis.
WHAT’S WRONG WITH THE
PATIENT & HOW COMMON IS
THE INFECTION?
The patient has an
infection called
Trichimoniasis
vaginalis.
One of the most
common infections
in the United
States, especially
in HIV patients.
POSSIBLE CAUSES.
Contraction through unprotected sex
with multiple partners.
Contact with contaminated towels.
SYMPTOMS PRODUCED IN MEN
AND WOMEN.
MEN
Asymptomaticmost of the time.
Urethra discharge
if present.
Burning sensation.
WOMEN
Vagina dischargegreen & smelly.
Lower abdominal
pain.
Genital
inflammation,
itching/redness.
Tissue erosion.
Painful intercourse.
SYMPTOMS CONT.
MALE
May cause
urethritis if left
untreated.
FEMALE
May cause cystitis/
urethritis if left
untreated.
TREATMENT.
Metronidazole 2 grams. Has a 90%
rate since it is given at once. It is also
effective in treating male partners.
Tinidazole.
PREVENTION
Abstinence.
Use protection when having
intercourse.
Limit sexual partners
(recommendation-to one).
Immediate treatment if infected & the
partner also.
WORKS CITED
en.wikipeda.org/wiki/trichomonasvaginalis.
www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol7no6/solvi
llo.htm.
www.wdxcyber.com/drvagoo3.htm.
GROUP 5.
CAROLINE MURAGURI,
JULIET GARO
&
MAUREEN HORSCH.