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Certification Training 1 Pork Quality Assurance (PQA) Plus® Implementing PQA Plus® will help a producer maintain or create: A high quality pork product for the consumer from a food safety standpoint A safe and productive environment for the swine, you and your employees Increase profitability as an efficient and responsible producer 2 We Care: Ethical Principles: Produce safe food Protect and promote animal well-being Ensure practices to protect public health Safeguard natural resources Provide a work environment that is safe Contribute to a better quality of life in our communities 3 10 Good Production Practices (GPPs) 4 GPP # 1 Use an Appropriate Veterinary/Client/Patient Relationship (VCPR) as the Basis for Medication Decision Making 5 Objectives for GPP#1 Describe how a veterinarian is vital to the medication decision-making process Identify the three categories of approved drug distribution Define extra-label drug use (ELDU) Distinguish examples of legal and illegal ELDU Define drug compounding and who can compound drugs List examples of residue avoidance practices 6 Veterinarian/Client/Patient Relationship (VCPR) The veterinarian: Assumes the role of making medical judgments for animals and owner Has sufficient access and knowledge of the herd/animals Is responsible for providing continued care The owner/client/caretaker: Follows the veterinarian’s instructions Provides access and documentation 7 Veterinarian/Client/Patient Relationship (VCPR) Key veterinary activities for a VCPR: Development of herd health plan to include appropriate vaccination and treatment recommendations Direct use of pharmaceutical products Extra-Label Drug Use Appropriate vaccination use Participate in record keeping Provide information and support in the case of an adverse event Be available to address herd health changes 8 Extra-label Drug Use - AMDUCA Federal Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA) of 1994 Permits extra-label drug use by veterinarian with a VCPR Risks are increased, extended withdrawal times may be necessary Treatment records should be kept by the producer for 1 year after the animal is treated Does not include medicated feeds, including VFD feeds 9 Extra-label Drug Use - Situations Examples of extra-label use include: 1. Increasing the dosage 2. Changing the frequency or route of administration 3. Changing the duration of treatment 4. Treating a disease or condition not on the label 5. Changing species or life stage on the label 10 Extra-label Drug Use – Keys to Remember What is required of producers for extralabel use of medications? An established VCPR for the herd must exist Records showing the instructions from the veterinarian directing the extra-label drug use Documentation in the treatment records showing the application of the veterinarian’s instructions 11 Distribution and Use of Approved Animal Drugs Animal Drug Distribution Methods Over-The-Counter (OTC) Prescription (Rx) Veterinary Feed Directive (VFD) 12 Issues with Compounding Drugs Compounding is the mixing of two or more FDA-approved drugs Withdrawal times are difficult to estimate AMDUCA also allows a veterinarian with a VCPR to compound drugs for the client Veterinarian assumes responsibility for safety, efficacy and withdrawal time of compounded drug Producers and distributers of animal health product may NOT compound drugs 13 Residue Avoidance and Testing Residue Avoidance – follow all label instructions on withdrawal periods and dosage. If the residue status of an animal or group is in doubt, conduct a residue test. This may be due to: ID tags or markings missing Accidental animal access to medicated feed Lost or damaged records Be prepared with a service provider’s information and emergency response plan 14 “Local News at 5” – Interview Activity Answer the questions: What is extra-label drug use? What is required for legal extra-label use? Why is the veterinarian vital in making extra-label use decisions? 15 Sample Test Items for GPP#1 _____ medications can be purchased by anyone from places such as farm supply stores, animal health salespersons, catalogs and veterinary clinics. A. Over-the-Counter B. Prescription C. Extra-label D. Veterinary Feed Directive Using a veterinarian as the basis for medication decision making is part of a(n) _______. 16 A. FIFRA B. AMDUCA C. VCPR D. USCFR GPP #2 Establish and Implement an Efficient and Effective Health Management Plan 17 Objectives for GPP#2 Identify the four components of a health management plan Identify the value of a VCPR Summarize the purpose of a herd health plan Define biosecurity Using an example, examine both external and internal biosecurity measures Recognize effective measures of rodent and pest control Identify the plans that should be developed for foreign animal disease and agroterrorism awareness, reporting, and prevention 18 Health Management Plan Four components of a health management plan 1. Development of and maintenance of a Vet-Client Patient Relationship (VCPR) 2. Development of an individualized herd health plan 3. Development of a herd-level biosecurity plan 4. Foreign animal disease and agroterrorism prevention 19 1. Development of and Maintenance of a Vet/Client/Patient Relationship (VCPR) Benefits to the producer Active involvement in herd health Provide a professional outside view Opportunity to plan and make informed management adjustments. 20 2. Development of an Individualized Herd Health Plan Two major purposes Address potential and current health challenges Help prevent diseases from entering into your herd Plans may: Include periodic health checks Be tailored for a herd and/or specific diseases of interest 21 3. Development of a Herd-level Biosecurity Plan Biosecurity is a management measure used to prevent the transmission of diseases and disease agents on the farm. External Biosecurity: keeping disease out of the herd Internal Biosecurity: preventing disease movement within the herd Rodent and Pest Control: preventing compromise of external and internal biosecurity measures 22 4. Foreign Animal Disease (FAD) & Agro-terrorism Awareness, Reporting, and Prevention FADs are a very serious concern for the entire industry and food supply Contact your herd veterinarian if you have questions or concerns Know and follow the plans your operation should have in place to prevent and report FADs 23 “Call and Answer” Review What are the 4 components of a health management plan? Why is a VCPR valuable? What is the difference between external and internal biosecurity? Give an example of each. What is FAD and why is it an important issue? What are the four elements of rodent and pest control? What is the benefit of a herd health plan? 24 Sample Test Items for GPP#2 True or False? Through a VCPR, knowing the disease status of a herd can help your veterinarian create a specific health plan to help minimize the impact of a disease. True False A herd health plan is designed to address potential and current health challenges and to help prevent _________ from entering into your herd. A. low performers B. flies C. diseases D. stress 25 GPP #3 Use Antibiotics Responsibly 26 Objectives of GPP#3 Define the three purposes of antibiotic use in pork production. Identify the five principles for responsible antibiotic use. Recognize the components of each element. 27 Responsible Use of Antibiotics The basis for using antibiotics responsibly during pork production involves evaluating their use to protect animal health, optimize effectiveness and minimize the risk of developing antibiotic resistance, thereby protecting public health. 28 Antibiotic Purposes Three antibiotic purposes: 1. Treatment of Illness 2. Control or Prevention of Disease 3. Improve Nutritional Efficiency 29 Principles for Antibiotic Use Principle I. Take appropriate steps to decrease the need for the application of antibiotics. Principle II. Assess the advantages and disadvantages of all uses of antibiotics. Principle III. Use antibiotics only when they provide measurable benefits. Principle IV. Fully implement the management practices described for responsible use of animal health products into daily operations. Principle V. Have a working veterinarian/client/patient relationship and follow the responsible antibiotic use guidelines. 30 Principle I. Take appropriate steps to decrease the need for the application of antibiotics.Principle 1 Preventive strategies can help decrease the need for antibiotics Biosecurity programs Appropriate animal husbandry Hygiene Routine health monitoring Vaccination programs 31 Principle II. Assess the advantages and disadvantages of all uses of antibiotics. Principle 2 Other management options should be considered Treat only as long as needed Review the need for continuing preventative antibiotic therapy Consider other impacts of using antibiotics 32 Principle III. Use antibiotics only when they provide measurable benefits. Principle 3 – Assess measureable benefits of all uses of antibiotics Assessing measureable benefits of use for nutritional efficiency should be based on scientific data 33 Principle IV. Fully implement the management practices described for responsible use of animal health products into daily Principle IV - Compliance operations. Complete PQA Plus® and fully implement GPPs Follow FDA Compliance Policy Guide 615.200 Provides regulatory guidance for the development of cases resulting from the use of animal drugs contrary to label directions (“off label use") by nonveterinarians in food-producing animals Also provides guidance on measures that can be taken by non-veterinarians to ensure proper drug use and avoid illegal residues 34 Principle V. Have a working veterinarian/client/patient relationship and follow the responsible antibiotic use guidelines. Principle V Guideline A. Use professional veterinary input as the basis for all antibiotic decision-making. Guideline B. Antibiotics should be used for treatment only when there is an appropriate clinical diagnosis. Guideline C. Limit antibiotic treatment to ill or at-risk animals, treating the fewest animals indicated. Guideline D. Antibiotics that are important in treating antibiotic resistant infections in human or veterinary medicine should be used in animals only after careful review and reasonable justification. Guideline E. Mixing together injectable or water medications, including antibiotics, by producers is illegal. Guideline F: Minimize environmental exposure through proper handling and disposal of all animal health products, including antibiotics. 35 “Antibiotics Scenarios” Review Review the scenario on each card and identify which principle best applies to the situation. As a group be ready to discuss your response. 36 Sample Test Items for GPP#3 The basis for using antibiotics responsibly during pork production involves evaluating their use to protect animal health, optimize effectiveness, and: A. Minimize the risk of developing antibiotic resistance B. Elimination of all bacteria on the farm C. Decrease the effectiveness of future antibiotic use D. Improve meat color and firmness True or False? The following is a principle for antibiotic use: Use antibiotics as often as possible to ensure maximum benefit. A. True B. False 37 GPP #4 Properly Store and Administer Animal Health Products 38 Objectives of GPP#4 Identify the responsibilities of properly administering products Determine the key components of drug labels and why this information is vital Identify how to properly maintain drug inventory and usage records Identify the three methods of administering medications Distinguish between the five methods of injectable medication Discuss the key elements for a needle standard operating procedure (SOP) 39 Responsibilities of Properly Administering Animal Health Products 1. Read, understand and follow label directions when giving any medication. 2. Devise a medication record and animal or group ID system that enables all caretakers to know the medication status of animals prepared for harvest. 3. Identify all treated animals. 4. Keep records for making judgments about marketing animals that have been treated. 5. Use medication records to determine that withdrawal times have been completed. 40 Parts of a Drug Label 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 41 Trade name Active ingredient Indications Dosage and directions for use Precautions Warnings Withdrawal times Manufacturer’s lot number Expiration date Drug Inventory and Storage Keep and maintain a drug inventory. Follow drug storage instruction Avoid the practice of withdrawing an injectable medication from the original glass vial and storing it in a syringe for later use 42 Administering Medication Orally- Given through the mouth, and can be mixed with water and/or feed Topically - Application to skin Injection – Five possible options 43 Five Methods of Injectable Administration In the muscle (intramuscular – IM) Under the skin (subcutaneous – SQ) In the abdominal cavity (intraperitoneal – IP) In the vein (intravenous – IV) In the nasal passages (intranasal – IN) 44 Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Needle Breakage Needle breakage is an important issue for the industry. You should have an SOP addressing this issue. Considerations: Broken needle prevention plan 2. Identification of animals that are at risk or carrying a broken needle 3. Communication with your packer 4. Disposal of sharps 1. 45 “Be the Trainer” Exercise Once assigned a group and SOP consideration, read the practices in the GPP handbook and be ready to share three key points and an example with the other groups. 1. Broken needle prevention plan 2. Identification of animals that are at risk or carrying a broken needle 3. Communications with your packer 4. Disposal of sharps 46 Sample Test Items for GPP#4 Where can the producer readily locate precautions and warnings related to antibiotic withdrawal times? A. Pork Safety Handbook B. All of the responses are correct C. The sow card D. The product label _____ medications are those that are given through the mouth. A. Injectable B. Topical C. Oral D. Prescription 47 GPP #5 Following Proper Feed Processing Protocols 48 Objectives of GPP#5 Identify the goals of feed manufacturing Differentiate between the cGMP guidelines for medicated and non-medicated feeds Explain the special consideration regarding the feeding of ruminant-derived products Using an example, explain the considerations when calculating the amount of medicated feed to add to the mixer 49 Goals of Feed Manufacturing Meets specifications for nutritional composition Meets the desired medication level, if appropriate Is free of contaminants, or contaminants are below established tolerances or action levels 50 Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) Provide reasonable assurance that the feed is manufactured accurately There are cGMPs for all feeds and additional cGMPs for medicated feeds. General Categories: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 51 Buildings and grounds Equipment Workspace and storage Quality control Labeling Recordkeeping Employee Training Additional Keys on Feed Processing Protocols Ruminant-derived products Measures must be taken to keep cattle, sheep, goats and other ruminants from having access to hog feed if it might contain ruminant-derived products. Mixing medicated feed Proper drug concentrations are important to: Achieve desired benefits of the drug Prevent adverse health effects or violative residues Recordkeeping 52 Producers retain records for two years from date of order. Veterinarians keep VFD order 2 years after animal is treated. “Highlight the Differences” Review Highlight two additional requirements in the cGMPs for medicated feeds. Use the GPP handbook Work with a partner Research and report on the area(s) assigned to you by the trainer: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 53 Equipment Workspace and storage Quality control Labeling Recordkeeping Sample Test Items for GPP#5 One goal of feed manufacturing is to meet the specifications for ______________ needed for animal growth and development. A. exercise requirement B. safe handling C. nutritional composition D. identification procedures A set of guidelines for processing medicated feed is known as: A. cGMPs B. Linder Guidelines C. PTSDRs D. ABCs of Medicated Feed 54 GPP #6 Establish Effective Swine Identification, Medication Records and Withdrawal Times 55 Objectives of GPP#6 Determine the importance of having an effective identification plan Identify the three key components of the Swine ID Plan Discuss why medication records are important Determine the key elements of maintaining mediation records and the key information for tracking treatments Define withdrawal time Calculate a withdrawal time Determine additional sources, other than the label, of drug use information 56 Swine Identification Records are critical to ensuring animal health and integrity of food supply Without identification, record keeping is nearly impossible Swine ID Plan Initiative for industry standards with three key components: Premises identification Animal identification Animal tracing 57 Swine ID, Key Component #1: Premises Identification Registering a location of where livestock are: Raised Housed Pass through during commerce Locations are given a standardized 7-digit PIN number 58 Swine ID, key component #2: individual identification Animals must be identified individually or as part of a group or lot. Breeding animals entering harvest channels must have individual ear tags bearing the location PIN While on-farm, individual animals may be identified with: 59 ID cards Paint marks Tattoos Ear tags Ear notches Swine ID, Key Component #3: Animal Tracing Accomplished by keeping and maintaining animal movement records animal's or group's identification number PIN of the sending and receiving premises the date of movement number of head moved the reason for movement Must be maintained three years after animal leaves premises consistent with 9CFR 71.19 and Swine ID program standards 60 Medication Records Primary reason: to make sure withdrawal times have elapsed before marketing animals. Provide documentation that demonstrates a drug was used properly Assure packers of proper procedures Can be a useful management tool Records must be kept for 12 months following last day of treatment 61 FDA Compliance Policy Guide (CPG 7125.37) Minimum expectations of medical records, per FDA guidance Suggested medical records with additional information 62 Withdrawal Times The withdrawal time is the period required for the medication to be metabolized, broken-down, or excreted so that the level remaining in the body of the animal is below the level established as safe for humans. With withdrawal times, consider: Calculating withdrawal time Other sources of drug information Medication information such as compatibility 63 Scenario Review A drug with a 3-day withdrawal time is administered to pen of pigs through medicated feed. You last filled the feeders with medicated feed at 7 a.m. on Tuesday. At 3 p.m. on Friday you are asked if that pen is cleared to be shipped for harvest. What is your response? A drug with a 5-day withdrawal is administered by IM injection at 4 p.m. on Wednesday, September 10. You are completing the medical record. What is the date and time you enter in the field, “Withdrawal Time Completed?” 64 Sample Test Items for GPP#6 A swine identification plan should include ___________. A. Premises identification B. Animal identification C. All of the responses are correct D. Animal tracing The minimum standards of medication and treatment records defined by the FDA require ______ to be documented. A. The date of administration B. The expected market weight of the animal treated C. From whom the drug was purchased D. All of the responses are correct 65 GPP #7 Environmental Stewardship 66 Objectives of GPP#7 Identify the key environmental management practices Discuss the key elements for each environmental management practice 67 Implementation of Environmental Practices The goal of environmental stewardship is to protect our natural resources (water, air and land) in all of our production practices. General site conditions Buildings Manure Management Mortality Emergency action plan Inspections 68 “Draw and Describe” Review Review the list of Environmental Management Practices listed in GPP#7 Choose one and using the notecard on your table draw a picture that represents that practice In small groups, go around and guess the practice depicted in each person’s drawing 69 Sample Test Items for GPP#7 True or False? The goal of environmental stewardship is to protect our natural resources (water, air and land) in all of our production practices. A. True B. False Which of the following is an environmental management practice area? A. Employee performance management B. Manure management C. Feed manufacturing D. All of the responses are correct 70 GPP #8 Workplace Safety 71 Objectives of GPP#8 Determine how every individual involved in the operation is responsible for a safe workplace Discuss the four steps to controlling on farm hazards. Identify the essential elements of an adequate emergency action plan. Identify key prevention techniques for each major safety area Assess the safety procedures to determine if the plan is adequate enough to prevent a workplace accident 72 Safety is Everyone’s Responsibility For a safety program to work, it has to be everyone’s responsibility. If any person does not take personal responsibility for working in and maintaining a safe work area, that person puts himself and others at risk. Everyone working in the barn Owners/operating managers Production managers 73 Controlling hazards Most preferred Four basic strategies, in order of preference: 74 Eliminating the hazard from the method, the material, the facility or the machine Abating the hazard by limiting exposure or controlling it at its source Training personnel to be aware of the hazard and to follow safe work procedures to avoid it Prescribing personal protective equipment (PPE) for protecting employees against the hazard Emergency Action Plan (EAP) An emergency action plan (EAP) will prepare producers to take immediate action when someone is hurt, a fire starts, tornados are imminent or other foreseeable crisis situations At minimum, an EAP should include: Telephone numbers for owner, veterinarian, electric power company, fire and police Address of the facility 75 “Can I Get Your Attention?” Activity Review the list of safety procedures and plans in the Training Manual (GPP #8) and identify three areas that should get more attention in your building. Fire prevention and safety Hearing health and safety Lockout/Tagout program Personal protective equipment Respiratory health and safety Hazard communication plan Machine guarding 76 Electrical safety Slips, trips and falls Safe lifting Personal hygiene Needle sticks and cuts Safe animal handling Sample Test Items for GPP#8 True or False? An emergency action plan (EAP), at minimum, must include the address of the facility. A. True B. False The most preferred strategy for controlling workplace hazards is to __________ the hazard from the method, material, the facility, or machine. A. attempt to avoid B. maximize C. eliminate D. increase 77 GPP #9 Provide Proper Swine Care to Improve Well-being 78 Objectives of GPP#9 Identify the main types of recordkeeping to help ensure animal well- being Explain the main components of each Perform and document daily observations of animals in their care Describe the farms emergency action plan Operate the site’s emergency backup system Determine the thermal comfort of pigs in their care Explain the importance of good air quality for the health and well- being of the animal Identify the maintenance required for pens, floors, alleyways, chute, feeders, and waterers Describe the different body condition scores 79 Objectives of GPP#9, cont. List the factors that constitute adequate body space Identify the main elements of animal evaluation Explain the main components of each Identify the key elements of a euthanasia plan Identify the practices/techniques for a humane euthanasia Define timely euthanasia Recognize common instinctive behaviors of swine Determine proper handling practices and techniques for various size and stages of swine development Discuss the factors that constitute willful acts of abuse 80 Ethical Responsibility for Well-Being Every caretaker has an ethical responsibility to protect and promote the well-being of the pigs in his or her care by: Providing feed, water and an environment that promotes the well-being of our animals. Providing proper care, handling and transportation for pigs at each stage of life. Protecting pig health and providing appropriate treatment, including veterinary care when needed. Using approved practices to euthanize, in a timely manner, those sick or injured pigs that fail to respond to care and treatment. 81 Recordkeeping for Swine Well-being 1. Veterinary/Client/Patient Relationship (VCPR) 2. Medication and treatment records (at minimum) 82 The animal(s) that were treated – animals can be identified as a group when multiple animals are treated. The date(s) of treatment, including last date of administration. The drug(s) administered. The route of administration. The name or initials of the person who administered each drug. The amount of each drug administered. The withdrawal time prior to harvest. Recordkeeping for Swine Well-being, cont. 3. Caretaker training program including: Euthanasia Animal handling Husbandry 4. Documented Daily Observations: Feed and water availability Seriously ill, non-ambulatory or dead animals Treatment Pen 83 Emergency Support Written emergency action plan (EAP) Emergency detection system Alarms for power failure, drastic temperature changes Facility location may allow for visual detection Emergency backup system 84 Covers various emergencies – fire, weather, power outage, etc… Should include: Address of facility and telephone numbers for owner, veterinarian, electrical power company, fire and police Automated intervention in the event of a mechanical ventilation failure Test backup system regularly Ventilation Air Quality Control contaminants: dust, ammonia and others Temperature Control Pig behavior is a good indicator of thermal comfort Heating/cooling provisions should accommodate needs 85 Facilities Pens, Floors & Alleys Should be in proper working order and not cause injury If more than 1% of animals fall during handling, a problem needs corrected Broken or missing cleats should be repaired or replaced Moving parts should be inspected and maintained regularly 86 Chutes Basic Needs-Feed & Water Out-of-feed events can Feeders negatively impact pigs’ wellbeing Feed should be readily available to reduce competition and fighting Both flow and quality are critical to well-being Must be in good state of repair, not cause injury, and be readily available 87 Waterers Body Condition Score (BCS) Key indicator of management and animal well-being 1 88 2 3 4 5 Score Condition Detection of ribs, backbone, “H” bones, and pin bones 1 Emaciated Obvious 2 Thin Easily detected with pressure 3 Ideal Barely felt with firm pressure 4 Fat None 5 Overly fat None Taken from “Assessing Sow Body Condition” by R.D.Coffey, G.R. Parker, and K.M. Laurent (ASC-158; 1999) Body Space – Requirements Easily lie down fully on its side (full lateral recumbency) without having to lie on another pig and be able to easily stand back up. Lie down without the head having to rest on a raised feeder. A pig housed in a stall must be able to lie down fully on its side and easily stand back up without the head having to rest on a raised feeder and the rear quarters coming in contact with the back of the stall at the same time. 89 Animal Evaluation Production Performance Average Daily Gain Farrowing Rate Mortality Physical Evaluation Lameness Skin lesions (abscesses, wounds) Shoulder sores Rectal prolapses Hernias Swine Behavior Tail Biting Fear in presence of people 90 Euthanasia Timely euthanasia Goal: minimize animal pain or distress Definitions of “timely” based on situation No prospect for recovery after two days of intensive care Severely injured or non-ambulatory pigs with the inability to recover Immobilized with body condition score of 1 Pigs with large hernias that touch the ground or cause difficulty walking Requires trained personnel and functional equipment Should have a written euthanasia plan that is easily accessible 91 Safe Animal Handling – Overview Proven pig-handling and movement practices will contribute to good wellbeing of the pig and a safe work environment for the handler. Many negative consequences when pigs are improperly handled Swine well-being Productivity Food product quality Worker safety Know animal instincts and use proper handling procedures 92 Safe Animal Handling – Instincts: Flight Zone Flight Zone Point of Balance Blind Spot 93 Safe Animal Handling – Instincts: Following & Herding Pigs like to Stay in visual/physical contact Follow each other An advantage when moving pigs Up or down ramp/chute Through hallway/alleyway Into or out of a pen or room 94 Safe Animal Handling – Instincts: Reacting to Changes in the Environment Pigs typically slow, stop or change direction when they encounter something new or unfamiliar Handler’s intentions are not instinctively understood Pigs experiencing regular, positive interactions with people are typically Less fearful of handlers Easier to handle 95 Proper Handling Handlers should: Aggressive handling includes things such as: 96 Act calmly Avoid sudden movement, loud noises, other distractions Move pigs at their normal walking pace Avoid aggressive handling Overuse, or improper use, of electric prods Loud noises and yelling Moving pigs too fast Moving too many pigs per group Overcrowding them in chutes, ramps and alleyways Rough physical contact Proper Handling Key Points Piglets should not be tossed or thrown, this is considered mishandling Piglets should be picked up under the rib cage or by grabbing the rear leg above the hock Pigs should be moved in groups large enough to be efficient for the system but small enough to be safe for pigs and handlers Willful acts of neglect or abuse are unacceptable 97 “Handling Pigs of Various Types and Sizes” Activity Find and list 3-5 additional key points that you think are critical for new hires to know. Breeding Stock Piglets Nursery and Finisher Pigs Group Sizes Non-ambulatory Pigs 98 Tools and Equipment Tools as Physical barrier (e.g., sorting board) Visual barrier (e.g., matador’s cape) Auditory stimulus (e.g., rattle/shaker paddle) Visual stimulus (e.g., nylon flag) Use the right tool for the right situation Electric prods should be a last resort Avoid or minimize use Never prod sensitive areas Should not be the primary handling tool 99 Willful Acts of Abuse Willful acts of neglect or abuse are unacceptable and are not tolerable Willful abuse and neglect are defined as acts outside accepted production practices that intentionally cause pain and suffering including, but not limited to: Intentionally applying prods to sensitive parts of the animal such as the eyes, ears, nose, genitals, or rectum. Malicious hitting, kicking, or beating of an animal. Purposeful failure to provide minimal food, water, and care that results in significant harm or death to animals. 100 Sample Test Items for GPP#9 The best way to fully assess the pigs’ environment and health is to ____________. A. have a plan for medical treatments B. conduct annual performance reviews C. conduct daily observations D. ensure automatic monitoring systems are functioning Keeping waterers and feeders in proper maintenance is key in allowing adequate space in order to ___________. A. decrease competition B. increase competition C. decrease body temperature D. increase body temperature 101 GPP #10 Utilize Tools for Continuous Improvement 102 Objectives of GPP#10 Determine the role caretaker training plays in animal well- being and herd health Identify the steps of the PTSDR method Recognize the elements of documenting training Describe how the animal well-being assessment works State how an action plan is used to improve animal well-being and production practices Summarize how the third-party evaluation process operates 103 Training Animal Caretakers Continuous improvement Advances in science and technology Updated Good Production Practices Caretaker training contributes to animal well-being . Examples from this session: Medical treatment records Animal evaluation Feed processing protocols Husbandry, handling and euthanasia Many other benefits of training 104 PTSDR: An Effective Training Method P T S D R repare ell how o eview Focus on the objectives to achieve with a training program Share the information needed to complete the task Demonstrate how to complete a specific task Allow individuals to practice the task Evaluate performance and give useful feedback Note: All training of animal caretakers should be documented 105 Conducting Animal Well-being Assessments Conduct a PQA Plus Site Assessment to set benchmarks and measure animal well-being Review results with your veterinarian and/or PQA Plus Advisor Complete a PQA Plus site assessment every three years Complete an internal site assessment annually 106 Develop and Implement an Action Plan Once a site assessment occurs, develop an action plan to address areas needed for improvement/correction For areas that can be addressed relatively quickly, document what action was taken to correct the issue. For areas that require extra capital or time to correct, document a detailed description of how you plan to correct the issue and a timeline for expected implmentation. 107 Verification 3rd Party evaluations (audits) Evaluator should have no conflict of interest Auditor role is not advisory The PQA Plus third-party verification is an evaluation of the effectiveness and implementation of the PQA Plus program principles 108 Sample Test Items for GPP#10 True or False? Caretakers that are trained on how to look for trends in medical records of animals can help identify strategies to improve herd health. A. True B. False In which stage of the PTSDR method does the trainer discuss the information needed in order to complete the task? A. Prepare B. Show C. Do D. Tell 109 Thank you! 110
