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Chapter 4 Social Structure Preview Quiz Roles and statuses are the building blocks of social structure TRUE ! When people are aware of their roles and statuses and act accordingly, society functions more smoothly! Sociologists believe that how a society is “structured” can greatly affect the way people and groups behave. TRUE ! Remember the structure of Ireland from the movie Far and Away and how it affected Irish Catholics? “Role expectations” are the ways in which people act while in their a role. FALSE ! Role expectations are how people should act in a role. The U.S. is currently functioning as a “postindustrial” society. TRUE ! That is because our economy is largely based on information services and no as much manufacturing! Groups serve a variety of beneficial functions for the overall workings of a society. TRUE ! Groups are the foundation of all social life in societies! Negotiations underlie much of our social behavior. TRUE ! Because most elements of social structure are not static, they are subject to change through bargaining and exchanging. Sociologists use “status” to describe only the influence, wealth, and fame of a person. FALSE ! Sociologists use status to refer to any of the full range of socially defined positions within a large group or society - from the lowest to the highest position. A master status is a status that dominates others and thereby determines a person's general position in a society. TRUE ! This status usually plays the greatest role in shaping a person’s life and identity! Tiger Woods’ “master status” would be “husband.” FALSE ! The master status of Tiger Woods would be professional golfer! The government and most school districts are examples of “bureaucracies.” TRUE ! Governments and school districts have a structured hierarchy of authority with specific, written rules and procedures! “Role conflict” describes the difficulty in achieving success in one of the many roles that people have. FALSE ! This describes “role strain.” “Role conflict” describes a situation when a person has trouble achieving two or more roles at the same time! From a conflict perspective, major institutions, such as education, help to maintain the privileges of the most powerful individuals and groups within a society, while contributing to the powerlessness of others. TRUE ! Typical Conflict Theorist statement! The first type of pre-industrial society to emerge in human history was the “horticultural society.” (primitive farming w/o advanced technology) FALSE ! Simple “hunting and gathering” was first!