Download Chapter 1

Chapter 1
A Review of
Basic
Concepts
(Optional)
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Section 1.1
Statistics and
Data
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Section 1.2
Populations,
Samples, and
Random
Sampling
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Section 1.3
Describing
Qualitative
Data
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Figure 1.1 SAS bar graph for data on
22 aphasiacs
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Figure 1.2 SPSS pie chart for data
on 22 aphasiacs
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Section 1.4
Describing
Quantitative
Data
Graphically
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Figure 1.3 Relative frequency
distribution: IQs of identical twins
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Figure 1.4 Probability distribution
for a quantitative variable
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Figure 1.5 MINITAB stem-and-leaf
plot for EPA gas mileage
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Figure 1.6 SPSS histogram for 100
EPA gas mileage
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Section 1.5
Describing
Quantitative
Data
Numerically
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Figure 1.7 MINITAB printout:
Describing the no-show data, Example
1.6
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Section 1.6
Normal
Probability
Distribution
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Figure 1.8 A normal probability
distribution
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Figure 1.9 Several normal distributions
with different means and standard
deviations
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Figure 1.10 Normal probability
distribution m = 50, s = 15
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Figure 1.11 A distribution of z scores
(a standard normal distribution)
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Figure 1.12 Standard normal
distribution: m = 0, s = 1
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Section 1.7
Sampling
Distributions
and the
Central Limit
Theorem
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Figure
1.13 Sampling distributions for
_
y based on a sample of n = 25
measurements
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Figure
1.14 Sampling distributions of
_
x for different populations and different
sample sizes
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Figure 1.15 A population relative
frequency distribution
and the sampling
_
distribution for y
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Figure 1.16 The
sampling
_
distribution of y
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Section 1.8
Estimating a
Population
Mean
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Figure
1.17 Sampling distribution
_
of y
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Figure 1.18 Locating za/2 on the
standard normal curve
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Figure 1.19 SAS descriptive statistics
for n = 50 sample attention times
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Figure 1.20 The t.025 value in a t
distribution with 4 df and the corresponding
z.025 value
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Figure 1.21 MINITAB descriptive statistics
and confidence interval for Example 1.12
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Section 1.9
Testing a
Hypothesis
About a
Population
Mean
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Figure 1.22 The
sampling
_
distribution of y for m = m 0
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Figure 1.23 Location of the rejection
region for various alternative hypotheses
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Figure 1.24 Testing Ha: m >m 0
using a p-value
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Figure 1.25 SPSS printout for
Example 1.14
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Figure 1.26 Rejection region for
Example 1.15
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Figure 1.27 SAS output for
testing benzene mean
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Section 1.10
Inferences
About the
Difference
Between Two
Population
Means
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Figure 1.28 SPSS analysis for diet
study, Example 1.16
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Figure 1.29 SAS output for
Example 1.17
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Figure 1.30 Rejection region for
Example 1.17
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Figure 1.31 Rejection region for
analysis of data in Table 1.17
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Figure 1.32 MINITAB paired difference
analysis of data in Table 1.17
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Section 1.11
Comparing
Two
Population
Variances
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Figure 1.33 An F distribution with 7
and 9 df
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Figure 1.34 An F distribution with 7
and 9 df: a = .05
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Figure 1.35 Rejection region for
production example F distribution
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Figure 1.36 SAS F-test for the data
Table 1.19
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