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Project Communications Management Sections of this presentation were adapted from A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge 4th Edition, Project Management Institute Inc., © 2008 Communications Management “The processes required to ensure timely and appropriate generation, collection, distribution, storage, retrieval, and ultimate disposition of project information” Why Do We Manage Communications? Project Managers spend most of their time communicating Communication is complex; requiring choices between: Sender-Receiver models Choice of media Writing style Presentation techniques Meeting management PMBOK Communication Model Encode – Translate thought to language Message – Output of encoding Medium – Method to convey message Noise – Interference with transmission/understanding Decode – Translation back to thought/idea Noise Message Encode Sender Decode Decode Noise MEDIUM Feedback - Message Receiver Encode Communication Model Communications model implies feedback required Key Terms Nonverbal – 55% of Communication Paralingual – Pitch and tone of voice Active listening – Receiver confirms message and asks for clarification Effective listening – Receiver pays attention, thoughtfully responds, and provides feedback How Do We Manage Communications? Five processes Identify Stakeholders Plan Communications Distribute Information Manage Stakeholder Expectations Report Performance Identify Stakeholders Plan Communications Distribute Information Manage Stakeholder Expectations Report Performance Identify Stakeholders Inputs Project Charter Tools & Techniques Stakeholder analysis Expert Judgment Procurement Documents Outputs Stakeholder Management Strategy Enterprise Environmental Factors Organizational Process Assets Identify Stakeholders Stakeholder Register Plan Communications Distribute Information Manage Stakeholder Expectations Report Performance Plan Communications Stakeholder Register Inputs Communications requirement analysis Stakeholder Management Strategy Enterprise Environmental Factors Organizational Process Assets Identify Stakeholders Tools & Techniques Communications technology Outputs Communications models Project Document Updates Communications methods Plan Communications Distribute Information Communications Management Plan Manage Stakeholder Expectations Report Performance Com Requirement Analysis Who needs to know and how much? Communicate good and bad, but not too much to overwhelm team Communication channels grows exponentially not linearly as team members are added! # of Com Channels = N(N-1)/2 Where N = # of Stakeholders Communications Mgmt Plan Charter Project Plan Launch Plan Product Specifications Schedule Weekly Updates Project Minutes Project emails Project Memos Vendor Info Progress Update Contractor Info Revision Revision Revision Revision Monthly Weekly Weekly As-Appropriate As-Appropriate As-Appropriate Quarterly n Sa le M sa ar nd ke tin g Fi le tri bu tio D is R &D Pr o M jec an t ag er pi on C ha m Information Type D is tr Fr ibu eq tio ue n nc y Who, what, when, and how information is to be distributed Issue escalation process Distribute Information Tools & Techniques Communications methods Project Management Plan Inputs Outputs Information distribution tools Organizational Process Assets Updates Performance Reports Organizational Process Assets Identify Stakeholders Plan Communications Distribute Information Manage Stakeholder Expectations Report Performance Distribution Techniques - Written PM Sort and Distribute Small projects only, issues with timely delivery of info Document Control Sort & Distribute Mid sized projects, issues with retention of staff qualified to sort info Document Control Notification Daily list of all docs received emailed to team, who are directed to central location for document review Distribution Techniques - Verbal Where do team members get their information1? 7% from words 38% from tone 55% non-verbal cues Your presentation style is extremely important 1) From PMI Mile High Chapter PMP Prep Course Manage Stakeholder Expectations Tools & Techniques Stakeholder Register Stakeholder Management Strategy Inputs Project Management Plan Communications methods Interpersonal skills Outputs Organizational Process Assets Updates Change Requests Management skills Change Log Project Management Plan Updates Organizational Process Assets Project Document Updates Issue Log Identify Stakeholders Plan Communications Distribute Information Manage Stakeholder Expectations Report Performance Why Manage Stakeholders? We Retain1 10% from reading 20% hearing 30% read and hear 50% that we discuss 80% of experiences 90% that we teach How Long1 50% now 25% in 2 days 10% after 7 days Agreements without documentation will come back to haunt you! 1) From PMI Mile High Chapter PMP Prep Course Report Performance Tools & Techniques Outputs Variance analysis Project Management Plan Work Performance Information Performance reports Forecasting methods Communications methods Inputs Organizational Process Assets Reporting systems Change Requests Work Performance Measures Budget Forecasts Organizational Process Maps Identify Stakeholders Plan Communications Distribute Information Manage Stakeholder Expectations Report Performance Performance Reports Common Types Gantt Charts S-Curves Histograms EVA Tables Communication Summary An effective message must survive the noise and return as feedback to the sender Channels increase exponentially with additional people [ # = N(N-1)/2 ] Communicate and document to keep the team and stakeholders happy and productive!