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Download Defining and Conceptualizing Nonverbal Communication
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What do all of the following statements have in common? “You have a beautiful smile.” “I heard that sigh. Is there something wrong?” “I bite my nails when I’m nervous.” “Her house smells like cat pee.” They all refer to nonverbal communication O VERLAPS BETWEEN VERBAL AND NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION The dividing line is not clear and distinct. Verbal and vocal cues are interrelated Emblems have clearly codified meanings Sign language is not nonverbal communication D EFINITION Nonverbal communication is “communication other than written or spoken language that creates meaning for someone” (p. 4). nonverbal communication is everything that isn’t language Verbal communication exists in the “world of words.” Nonverbal communication is wordless encoding or sending nonverbal cues encoding or receiving nonverbal cues V ERBAL VS . NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION verbal Oh fudge! That frickin’ hurts! nonverbal Aaaaagggghhhh! BEHAVIOR VERSUS COMMUNICATION Not all nonverbal behavior is nonverbal communication Simple acts such as breathing, sleeping, standing, sitting, blinking, sleeping, flinching are pure behaviors. When meaning is assigned to nonverbal behavior, it becomes nonverbal communication Nonverbal behavior Sleeping coughing Not making a sound Nonverbal communication Sleeping in class Clearing your throat to signal you wish to speak Not saying “hello” 1. C ONTINUOUS NATURE OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION Nonverbal Verbal communication is continuous communication is discrete Nonverbal communication Language starts and is ongoing A smile may begin and end, but it is only one aspect of nonverbal communication Nonverbal cues are being sent even when someone is not talking Nonverbal channels are continuously available stops One person talks, then another, and so on. N ONVERBALLY ONE CANNOT NOT COMMUNICATE When in the presence of another person it is impossible not to communicate nonverbally Cannot “shut up” nonverbally Giving someone the “silent treatment” only applies to language Proxemics; one must be at some distance from another person. 2. NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES Different brain The two hemispheres are hemispheres process language and emotion not mutually exclusive. Language is processed Hemispheres can primarily in the left hemisphere Nonverbal cues are processed primarily in the right hemisphere Right hemisphere excels at spatial relationships, affect or emotion, deciphering nonverbal cues, music and melody Functions can be shared compensate for one another analytical language logic math facts emotion imagination intuitive music spatial 3. R EFLECTIVE Generally speaking, verbal communication requires VS . REFLEXIVE Generally speaking, nonverbal communication is more thought less thoughtful greater conscious less mindful, greater intentionality more spontaneous awareness Verbal communication is usually perceived as more intentional, conscious intentional However, nonverbal cues can also be highly planned, strategic 4. C OMMUNICATION Language is best- suited for communicating cognitive information facts thoughts, ideas beliefs, attitudes, opinions argument, reasoning CONTENT Nonverbal is best suited for affective communication feelings emotions attitudes W ORDS ON THE LEFT, FEELINGS ON THE RIGHT In January 2011, Congresswoman Gabriel Giffords was shot in the left side of her head by Jared Loughner. She has difficulty speaking (left hemisphere), but can sing songs (right hemisphere).
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