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Unit #2 – East Asia Lesson #2 ANCIENT HISTORY of CHINA Map Practice • • • • • Check that you did your HW Work on practice Practice Quiz is tomorrow Real map quiz is Thursday Friday is a “regular” quiz on packet info. From lessons 1-4 Chinese History 1. Time periods divided into “Dynasties” 2. A dynasty is a time of one family in power 3. Chinese believed rules ruled because God willed it. 4. God showed he no longer wanted the family by punishing the whole country 5. That means they lost “the mandate of heaven Dynasties 1. Shang 2. Zhou 3. Qin (Chin) 4. Han ** 5. Sui Mongols 6. Tang 7. Song 8. Yuan (Mongols) 9. Ming 10.Qing (Ching) (Manchus) Shi Huandi (First Emperor) Dynastic Cycle (329) New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven Dynastic Cycle New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven Mandate of Heaven PROBLEMS AGING DYNASTY GOOD TIMES Dynastic Cycle New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven Mandate of Heaven PROBLEMS AGING DYNASTY GOOD TIMES Fair laws land to peasants Repair of defenses Economy Strong Dynastic Cycle New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven Mandate of Heaven PROBLEMS GOOD TIMES Fair laws land to peasants Repair of defenses Economy Strong AGING DYNASTY Public works projects ignored Wars with foreigners lost Taxes increase – burden falls on poor Defensive walls in state of disrepair Dynastic Cycle New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven Mandate of Heaven PROBLEMS Floods & natural disasters Foreign invasions Peasants suffering increases Armed bandits roam land Peasants rebel GOOD TIMES Fair laws land to peasants Repair of defenses Economy Strong AGING DYNASTY Public works projects ignored Wars with foreigners lost Taxes increase – burden falls on poor Defensive walls in state of disrepair Philosophies & religion (Name two significant facts for each) Buddhism (332) Confucianism (330) Taoism (Daoism) (331) Legalism (332) What most frustrates you? What would you most like to have, something you don’t already have? Is there any way you could just ignore that desire? If you could refuse to desire more… If you could not get frustrated YOU JUST REACHED NIRVANA Buddhism (332) • • • • From India No beginning, no end Acceptance of everything No worldly desires • Four Noble Truths – Life is suffering – Suffering caused by craving worldly pleasures – Suffering ends when craving ends (Enlightenment) – Reach Enlightenment by following the Buddha. Describe Nirvana (Buddhist heaven) 3 Philosophies of China • • • • • Purpose: create order in society They are NOT religions There are NO gods There is NO sacred book There is NO discussion of an after-life 3 Philosophies of China • Confucianism (330) – Life is focused on RESPECT FOR OTHERS • Taoism (Daoism) (331) – Life is focused on HARMONY WITH NATURE • Legalism (332) – Life is full of STRICT RULES & OBEDIENCE Confucianism • Creates order in society • Five Key Relationships – – – – – • • • • Father to son Husband to wife Ruler to followers Brother to brother Friend to friend K’ung Futse Respect for ruler Care for follower Filial piety (Complete obedience to parents) Education, Honesty, Hard Work How is this a Confucius relationship How is this NOT a Confucius relationship How is this a Confucius relationship How is this NOT a Confucius relationship Taoism • Tao = “the way” • Harmony with Nature • Balanced life Lao-Tse Yin & Yang (Click for music) Man and butterfly story How is this a Taoist way to learn? How is this a Taoist way of parenting? Legalism • Strict Rules • Harsh Punishments • Developed for Qin (Shi Huang di) Shang Yang The way schools used to discipline Guess the philosophy style: Legalism Because it includes fear and punishment Guess the philosophy style: Guess the philosophy style: Guess the philosophy style: Guess the philosophy style: Guess the philosophy style: Guess the philosophy style: Buddhism in Japan • Called ZEN BUDDHISM • Adopted by the Samurai for meditation (in China, they called it “Ch’en” Buddhim, but in Japan, it’s ZEN BUDDDHISM) JAPANESE ZEN BUDDHIST TRADTIONS: • Tea Ceremony • Tea House Tea Ceremony •Ritualized •Run by Tea Master •Matcha Tea (frothy) •Meditation – no talking •Lots of Bowing Tea House •On your knees •Simple decorations, quiet •Meditation Describe Zen Buddhism Choose two Asian beliefs 1. The one you’d most like to live by: (explain why) 2. The one you least like to live by: (explain why)