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Museum Entrance 1950s-1960 1940s-1950 Back Wall Artifact 1950s-1960 1940s-1950 Welcome to the Museum of Events and people of the cold war from 1945 to 1960 Curator’s Offices Nikolas Serghiou Curator’s Office When I am given an assignment strive to the best of my ability. I work online, helping people create websites from research to business. I create websites often for display for others, but on the other hand sometimes I get side tracked and feel like doing something cool and interesting and in doing so it benefits others. After a long day sitting on my butt and working so hard on the computer I like to chill on a fluffy pillow and sleep. [email protected] Return to Entry Note: Virtual museums were first introduced by educators at Keith Valley Middle School in Horsham, Pennsylvania. This template was designed by Dr. Christy Keeler. View the Educational Virtual Museums website for more information on this instructional technique. 1940s-1950 Room 1 Return to Entry 1940s-1950 Room 2 t Return to Entry 1950s-1960 Room 3 Return to Entry 1950s-1960 Room 4 Artifact 16 Return to Entry Citations Room 5 Citations Artifact 17 Artifact 21 Return to Entry The Yalta Conference Held at the Soviet Black Sea Resort of Yalta, this conference lasted from February 4-11, 1945. The “ Big Three,” consisting of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joeseph Stalin, met at Yalta to discuss the final defeat and occupation of Nazi Germany. They agreed to divide Germany into occupation zones distributed by the U.S., Britain, and the Soviet Union. After the agreements at Yalta were made public, the agreements were harshly criticized due to the fact that Stalin broke his promise to give free elections to eastern European countries. Thanks to Stalin, All the Popular Front governments had been taken over by communism. http://www.thenagain.info/WebChron/ World/Yalta.jpg Return to Exhibit The United Nations Replacing the League of Nations, the United Nations, established immediately after WW2, was intended to protect all members of the UN from foreign aggression. Within the UN was a General Assembly which deals with specific political, economic, and social questions asked by members and making the answers work in unison. Also within the UN was a Security Council designed to keep peace among all. The permanent members of the Security Council are Britain, China, France, Untied States, and the Soviet Union. http://ts3.mm.bing.net/th?&id=HN .608009451874094683&w=370& h=366&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0 Return to Exhibit The Berlin Airlift In June 1948, the Soviet Union closed any entrance into and out of the city of Berlin in the west to west Germany as well. In doing this the Soviets believed that with no food or supplies entering the city that it would drive the U.S., Britain, and France out of the city. Instead of fleeing, the U.S. loaded aircraft with supplies and continuously over a course of over a year dropped food and supplies to those living in the blockaded area. On May 12, 1949, the soviets lifted the blockade. The blockade was a fail, it had made the Soviet Union look like a cruel nation and enemy. http://ts2.mm.bing.net/th?&id=HN.607991443078973018&w=30 0&h=300&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0 Return to Exhibit The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) NATO was formed in 1949 as a result of the Berlin blockade .Formed from 12 European nations and the U.S. and Canada, NATO now holds 28 members. Its goal is to protect its allies freedom and security by political and military means. The Soviets found NATO as a threat and responded with creation of the Warsaw Pact. This was viewed as a threat probably because the main principle of NATO was the security of the transatlantic community and its expression of democratic values. http://ts2.mm.bing.net/th?&id=HN.60801124717 3176407&w=300&h=300&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0 &p=0 Return to Exhibit Truman Doctrine The Truman Doctrine was established on March 12, 1947 , It arose from President Truman’s speech to congress declaring that it be a foreign policy of the U.S. to assist any country whose stability was threatened by communism. The Truman Doctrine reoriented U.S. policy, away from its usual stance of withdrawal from regional conflicts not directly involving the U.S., to one of possible intervention in far away conflicts. http://ts3.mm.bing.net/th?&id=H N.608031308962661709&w=30 0&h=300&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0& p=0 Return to Exhibit The Marshal Plan The Marshall Plan, also known as the European Recovery Plan, was the economic support from the United States to European countries damaged by World War 2. It provided food, machinery, and supplies to rebuild Western Europe. The plan became an overwhelming success, even in some communist ruled countries aid was received. Return to Exhibit http://ts3.mm.bing.net/th?&id=H N.608018041805277211&w=30 0&h=300&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0& p=0 The Iron Curtain In Winston Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech, he uses the phrase iron curtain. This phrase symbolizes the boundary between anti communist democratic Europe and communist Europe. http://ts3.mm.bing.net/th?&id=HN. 607989952719226662&w=300&h =300&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0 Return to Exhibit The Potsdam Conference Held from July 17 to August 2, 1945 in Potsdam Germany. Winston Churchill, Joeseph Stalin, and Harry Truman were all at the conference to decide the punishment for Nazi Germany. They agreed on dividing Austria and Germany into four zones, punishment for Nazi war criminals, war reparation, and destruction od German war like materials. Return to Exhibit http://ts3.mm.bing.net/th?&id=HN. 607995922726323980&w=300&h =300&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0 The Thermonuclear Bomb(H-Bomb) The thermonuclear bomb, or H-Bomb is approximately 1000 times more powerful than any other nuclear devices. The development of this massive bomb and detination in 1952 led to a domino effect among nations developing arms of this sort. Nuclear scientists of the U.S. believed other nations would have a hold of this creation and eventually test it. Their beliefs became true because in the 1970s, the soviets tested their own H-Bomb. http://ts3.mm.bing.net/th?&i d=HN.608042192407629564 &w=300&h=300&c=0&pid= 1.9&rs=0&p=0 Return to Exhibit The Korean War The Korean War, beginning in 1950, was the first shooting conflict of the cold war. It was a stalemate and only confined to the Korean Peninsula. The fact that the war was only on the Korean Peninsula confirmed the west policy of containment. In 1953 the UN and North Korea signed a cease fire agreement. The border between the Koreas was set at the 38th parallel, primarily where the border was set before the conflict. The North Koreans remained communists while the South had a democratic government. Still today there are U.S. troops stationed on the 38th parallel to maintain peace between the Koreas. Return to Exhibit http://ts4.mm.bing.net/th?&id=HN.607 986645599061267&w=449&h=366&c =0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0 Sputnik On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik 1. It was the worlds first artificial satellite. Sputnik was 22.8 inches in diameter and weighed 183.9 pounds. The Soviet launch of Sputnik sparked new political, military, technological, and scientific developments. Its launch also marked the start of the space race between the United States and Soviet Union. Return to Exhibit http://ts3.mm.bing.net/th?&id=HN. 607989501751002790&w=300&h =300&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0 The U-2 Incident In May 1960, Soviets shot down a U.S. U-2 spy plane. The pilot was taken hostage and charged with espionage. President Dwight D. Eisenhower was forced to admit that the U.S. had been spying on the Soviet Union for several years. This incident is a result of Eisenhower’s impatience and stress of Soviet nuclear threat. This whole thing raised tensions more than there had already been. Linked citation goes herehttp://ts2.mm.bing.net/th?&id=HN.60804184452124 2513&w=300&h=300&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0 Return to Exhibit Citations http://www.britannica,com/EBchecked/topic/651424/ http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/United_Nations.aspx http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-airlift http://www.state.gov/p/eur/rt/nato/ http://history.state.gov/milstones/1945-1952/truman http://www.historyinanhour.com/2012/02/09/the-marchall-plan-and-the-cold-war http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/united-states-tests-first-hydrogen-bomb http://coldwarworldhistoryproject.weebly.com Return to Exhibit The Peace Corps In 1960, John F. Kennedy Proposed to the University of Michigan, to help developing countries, by promoting peace. He encouraged aid financially, educationally, and physically to developing countries in need. This sparked an evolution in volunteering around the world. Since then, thousands of volunteers have been serving less fortunate countries to the best of their ability. http://thepalladiantraveler.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/p eace-corps-logo.jpg Return to Exhibit Explorer 1 Seeing the launch of Sputnik from the soviets, the U.S. was determined to launch their own satellite and on January 31, 1958, they accomplished the launching of Explorer 1. Explorer 1 carried a small payload that eventually discovered the magnetic radiation belts around the Earth. This program was successful, carrying out numerous scientifically beneficial missions. http://ts3.mm.bing.net/th?&id=HN.608005238515369034 &w=300&h=300&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0 Return to Exhibit Artifact 17 Text goes here. Linked citation goes here Return to Exhibit Artifact 18 Text goes here. Linked citation goes here Return to Exhibit Artifact 19 Text goes here. Linked citation goes here Return to Exhibit Artifact 20 Text goes here. Linked citation goes here Return to Exhibit Artifact 21 Text goes here. Linked citation goes here Return to Exhibit Artifact 22 Text goes here. Linked citation goes here Return to Entrance Artifact 23 Text goes here. Linked citation goes here Return to Entrance Citations The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Yalta Conference (World War II)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/651424/>. "United Nations." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Ed.. 2013, "United Nations." Dictionary of American History. 2003, "United Nations." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. 2008, "United Nations." West's Encyclopedia of American Law. 2005, John Whiteclay Chambers II, HAROLD J. GOLDBERG, John Cannon, TOM McARTHUR, "United Nations." World Encyclopedia. 2005, "United Nations." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009, "United Nations." Gale Encyclopedia of U.S, and "United Nations." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. "United Nations." Encyclopedia.com. HighBeam Research, 01 Jan. 2013. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/United_Nations.aspx>. "1945-1950." Cold War. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://coldwarworldhistoryproject.weebly.com/1945-1950.html>. "Berlin Airlift." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-airlift>. "NATO." U.S. Department of State. U.S. Department of State, n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. <http://www.state.gov/p/eur/rt/nato/>. "1945–1952 - Milestones - Office of the Historian." 1945–1952 - Milestones - Office of the Historian. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952>. "The Marshall Plan and the Cold War - History in an Hour." History in an Hour. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://www.historyinanhour.com/2012/02/09/the-marshall-plan-and-the-cold-war>. "United States Tests First Hydrogen Bomb." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://www.history.com/this-day-inhistory/united-states-tests-first-hydrogen-bomb>. Return to Exhibit