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World War II – The Immediate Consequences of the War’s End Unit 5 Chapter 26 Section 4 Unit 6 Chapter 27 Section 1 7.2.3 Part 5 Consequences of World War II Devastation • Germany • 500,000 German civilians killed • Transportation and fuel supplies destroyed • Japan • Cities were destroyed – Lack of Air Force – Cities made from flimsy material collapsed quickly The Atomic Bombs • August 6, 1945 – “Enola Gay” drops “Little Boy” on Hiroshima – 190,000 killed • August 9, 1945 – “Bockscar” drops “Fat Man” on Nagasaki – 73,000 killed Consequences of World War II Population 30 25 20 15 10 5 G US SR UK Ja pa n er m an y 0 US A Millions • Total deaths range anywhere from 60-80 million • United States loses over 400,000 • Soviet Union loses almost 24,000,000 • Germany loses between 8 and 10% of their population Consequences of World War II Population • Holocaust results in 11,000,000 dead • 6,000,000 of which are Jewish – 2/3’s of all European Jews killed • Poland lost approximately 3,000,000 citizens Consequences of World War II – The Atomic Age • United States – Only country with nuclear weapons • August, 1949 – USSR tests its first nuclear weapon • USA vs. USSR in an arms race – Who can build the most nuclear weapons • Size of weapons and armies (arsenal) used in fighting Cold War – A war with no actual direct conflict Consequences of World War II – Germany and Japan • Germany divided into east and west • Berlin, the largest city, also divided – USA, England and France control West – USSR controls East – Berlin Wall becomes symbol of Cold War • Japan cannot maintain their own army • United States essentially acts as Japanese army The Cold War • No direct conflict between USSR and USA • Arms race begins in preparation for war – 1949: USSR tests its first atomic bomb • Suspicions of Communists within the United States • Conflicts in Korea and Vietnam for Communist expansion • Space race grows for inter-stellar colonization