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AP United States History Unit 3 A New Nation America after the Revolution • Growth of ___________. – Defined. • _________________. – Unlike other revolutions, nationalism develops during the conflict with Britain, but not before it. • ________________________ _________help to solidify America. The Spirit of ‘76 http://www.fifedrum.org/webring/spiritof76_medium.jpg America after the Revolution • Colonists think of themselves as a separate society. – Distinct from Europe based on society, economics, and attitudes. – No _____________, no kings, and a belief in the equality of man. – ________________ – Many come from the __________________. Benjamin Franklin http://www.synthstuff.com/mt/archives/ben_franklin.jpg America after the Revolution • ______________________ _______________. Map of the 13 Colonies http://www.gibbs-smith.com/textbooks/downloads/13colonies/map.gif – Most Americans still consider themselves as citizens of their states, not as Americans. – Belief that the sovereignty of the state was more important than that of the power of the central government. – Would prove to be a problem later. America after the Revolution • United in name only. • Issues included: – _________________ – _______________. – Issues with __________________. – Prewar and postwar debts of individual states. – Merchants and producers vs. agriculture. – __________________ Second Continental Congress http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/declara/images/committ.jpg The Articles of Confederation Origins • First incarnation of our national government. Articles of Confederation http://www.constitutioncenter.org/timeline/flash/assets/asset_upload_file755_11927.jpg The Articles of Confederation Origins • Drawn up by _________________of Pennsylvania. – Originally made the federal government strong, provided a bill of rights, and created a system of taxation. – Most Americans were still advocates for the ______being stronger than the __________________________. – Delegates to the Convention chop it up, making the Articles weaker. The Articles of Confederation Origins • Ratification required by ____________, would not be finalized until 1781. John Dickinson http://www.billofrightsinstitute.org/Instructional/Resources/C onstitutionDay/FoundersGallery/dickinson.jpg The Articles of Confederation Western Land Claims • The “landed” states had overlapping claims, causing tension. – The “landless” states did not want to be left out. – Believed that the ____________of Western lands would create dissent and ________in the Union. Jefferson’s Conception of the NW Territories http://www.jlindquist.com/OM2images/jefferson.gif • Landed states agree, but declare that _____ ________________ The Articles of Confederation Key Rights in the Articles • Each state receives _________regardless of size. • Limits to _____________are contained in Article 2. – “Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every Power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in Congress assembled.” • No right to __________________________. – ______________________________________ – Major weakness of the United States under the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation Powers of Congress • _______________ • Make treaties. • Establish a postal system. • Coin and borrow money. • Regulate ___________. • ___________________. Articles of Confederation http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/constitution/images/fig2.jpg The Articles of Confederation Process for Enacting Laws • ____________________. • _________needed to approve laws. • ____________________________. The Articles of Confederation Executive Powers • _______separate executive branch. • President appointed by _____________. • Has no true power. Samuel Huntington, First President of the Confederation http://www.huntington.tierranet.com/bios/images/sam4.gif The Articles of Confederation Judicial Powers • None provided for a national government. • Only ____________ have judicial power. – Creates chaos. Lady Justice http://www.co.yuma.az.us/LD/graphics/ladyjustice260_570-2.gif The Articles of Confederation State Powers • ______________ _________________ _________________ __________________. Patrick Henry http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/0/25/henry_1_lg.gif The Articles of Confederation State Constitutions • Republican based. • Did not drastically alter from colonial laws, with the exception of no outside controls. – Three branches. • _________________________________. – Power concentrated in the __________. • Can declare war, conduct foreign relations, and control courts. • Only ____________________could vote. The Articles of Confederation State Constitutions • People are _______, not ___________. • A majority of the state constitutions contain a ____ ____________, enumerating the rights guaranteed all citizens under law. Liberty Bell with First Flag http://images.jupiterimages.com/common/detail/06/15/23431506.jpg The Articles of Confederation State Constitutions • Drafted _____________________. – Based on _______________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ – ____________spelling out the powers and duties of the government. – Wanted them to be written. • Believed that unwritten constitutions, such as the British one, caused too much controversy and led to the _________________. Triumph of the Articles _________________________ • Divided up and provided the Western lands for sale by the federal government. • Ensured orderly development of the West. • Provided a simplified plan for dealing with _____________. • Set aside land in each new township for the building of _____________. Draft of the Land Ordinance http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/images/767.jpg Triumph of the Articles __________________________ • Drafted by Thomas Jefferson, set down into law how new states would be admitted into the Union. Northwest Territory http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/9/9e/Northwest-territory-usa-1787.png Triumph of the Articles Northwest Ordinance • The Northwest Territory could be carved into ____________ _________________________ – When _______people settled into one of the political subdivisions, the territory could petition ________to become a state. – ________________________ – People living in the territories are to be considered ______of the United States and not treated as secondclass citizens. Northwest Ordinance http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Images/northwest.gif Problems Under the Articles Border Problems with Britain & Spain • Britain refuses to evacuate Western posts, as per the ___________________. – Causes many problems with Britain and disrupts ______. – Britain felt that the American government was not upholding the clause about supporting British ______ _________________. Treatment of a British Loyalist http://www.whereistheoutrage.net/wordpress/wp- Problems Under the Articles Border Problems with Britain & Spain • Spain and Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi. Spanish Louisiana Regiment http://www.somosprimos.com/sp2005/spoct05/Louisianasoldiers..JPG – Spain captures American territory (the city of Natchez). – Closes the ______________ to American commerce, hurting Western farmers. Problems Under the Articles Foreign Trade • Was excluded from the British imperial trade union. – Policy of ___________still exists, Britain shifts its focus on its other colonies. – Merchants in __________ suffer because they cannot participate in trade. • British merchants flood American markets with _________________. – Creates a depression in America as many domestic industries fold. Seal of the British East India Company http://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/gallery/East-West/images/India_04_obv.gif Problems Under the Articles Economic Problems • Congress and debt. – Could not pay off debts. – ________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ – __________were not provided for. Robert Morris Financier of the Revolution http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=62612&rendTypeId=4 • Inflation. Problems Under the Articles _______________________ • Massachusetts legislature is determined to pay its debt by collecting back taxes, seizing the land of debtors, and sending people to prison. • Poor western farmers organize under war veteran Daniel Shays and _________ __________ ______________________. • Impact: ______________ _______________________ _______________________. Shays’ Rebellion http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d7/Shays.jpg
