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Federalist believed in a central banking system Democratic Republicans – believed in state banks Goal 1 Content: Tecumseh Joined the British army in the war of 1812 to stop westward expansion. Tecumseh worked to unite other Indian tribes to oppose white western expansion in the early 1800s. That dream was crippled when U.S. troops defeated warriors led by Tecumseh's brother. Tecumseh was later killed while fighting on the British side at the Battle of Thames during the War of 1812. Goal 1 Tecumseh's growing American Indian confederation battled Americans forces in the war of 1812 with the British to halt westward expansion by American colonist. Tecumseh and the Shawnees did not hold any claim on the land, but they believed that Indian land was owned in common by all of the tribes, and therefore, no land could be sold without all the tribes in agreement. Goal 1. The US wanted an end to what they saw as European dominance in the area of economics and exports. The Monroe Doctrine (1823) explicitly stated that the U.S. would not tolerate European colonialism in the western hemisphere . Goal 2 Wilmot's Proviso Goal 2 David Wilmot proposal led to northern and southern sectional lines. The Pennsylvania representative was so adamantly against the extension of slavery to lands ceded by Mexico, he made a proposition that would divide the Congress. On August 8, 1846, Wilmot introduced legislation in the House that boldly declared, "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist" in lands won in the MexicanAmerican War. Content: John Brown raid on Harpers Ferry renewed feared of southern slave revolts. John Brown was an abolitionist, Brown moved to Kansas, a territory deeply divided over the slavery issue. Brown become angry over the popular sovereignty issue the gave rights the right to decide the issue of slavery. Goal 3 Content: General Grant's armies converged on Vicksburg, investing the city and entrapping a Confederate army under Lieutenant General John Pemberton. On July 4, Vicksburg the south surrendered after prolonged siege operations. This was the With the loss of Vicksburg the Confederacy was effectively split in half. The vital stronghold on the Mississippi was no more. THE U2 spy plane was used during the Cold War espionage missions by the former Soviet Union. President Eisenhower caught a spy plane over In US territory and saw this as communist aggression. Goal 11: Cold War containment Content: President Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt gave muckrakers their name they successfully heightened public awareness regarding horrible conditions that led to the creation of the Food and Drug administration Act. Goal 6 American Indian Movement was organization to address various issues concerning the Native American rights and citizenship. AIM soon attracted members from across the United States. In the decades since AIM's has led protests advocating indigenous American interests, inspired cultural renewal, monitored police activities, and coordinated employment programs in cities and in rural reservation communities across the United States. Goal 12 Graying of America addresses the growing numbers of older people who will need healthcare benefits. Goal 12 Current trends (the graying of the baby boomers, increases in the number of older people of retirement age Throughout the 21st century nearly 40% of the federal budget may be consumed with agingrelated programs. Content: As the United States was the largest exporter of both agricultural goods and industrial products, due ton the Hawley Smoot tariff the result was worldwide depression. The Hawley-Smoot Tariff raised tariffs to their highest levels in US history. Its proponents, including President Hoover, believed that the high tariffs would help American industry and agriculture in a time of severe depression. In fact, it lead to worldwide depression. Goal 9 Content: President Eisenhower demonstrated limited action regarding civil rights this issue was a serious challenge to his presidency. On several occasions Eisenhower had expressed distaste for racial segregation, though he believed that the process of integration would take time. Significantly, the Civil Rights Act of 1957 was the first such law passed since 1875. -Encyclopedia Britannica Goal 11 Civil Rights Content: During the 1980s and 1990s, several environmental issues, including acid rain, global climate change, and the depletion of the ozone layer, gave rise to further federal regulation. Acid rain, which has caused significant damage to U.S. and Canadian lakes. Acid rain is created when the sulfur from fossil fuels, such as coal, combines with oxygen in the air to create sulfur dioxide, a pollutant. The sulfur dioxide then combines with oxygen to form sulfate, which, when washed out of the air by fog, clouds, mist, or rain, becomes acid rain, with potentially catastrophic effects on vegetation and ground water. Amendments to the Clean Air Act in 1990 (Pub. L. No. 101-549, 104 Stat. 2399 [Nov. 15, 1990]) sought to address the challenges posed by acid rain by commissioning a number of federally sponsored studies, including an analysis of Canada's approach to dealing with acid rain Goal 12