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The European Union:
500 million people – 27 countries
Member states of the European Union
Candidate countries
Founders
New ideas for lasting peace and prosperity…
Konrad Adenauer
Alcide De Gasperi
Winston Churchill
Robert Schuman
Jean Monnet
The EU symbols
The European anthem
The European flag
Europe Day, 9 May
The motto: United in diversity
23 official languages
Enlargement: from six to 27 countries
1952
1973
1981
1986
1990
1995
2004
2007
41989
Fall of Berlin Wall – end of Communism
EU economic help begins: Phare programme
41992
Criteria set for a country to join the EU:
• democracy and rule of law
• functioning market economy
• ability to implement EU laws
41998
Formal negotiations on enlargement begin
42002
Copenhagen summit agrees enlargement
42004
10 new EU members: Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia,
Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia
42007
Bulgaria and Romania join the EU
42013
Croatia joins on 1st of July
Candidates
Iceland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro,
Turkey
© Reuders
The big enlargement:
healing the division of Europe
The treaties – basis for democratic cooperation
built on law
1958
1952
The treaties of Rome:
The European Economic Community
The European Atomic Energy Community
(EURATOM)
The European Steel and Coal Community
2009
1987
Treaty of Lisbon
The European Single Act:
the Single Market
2003
1999
Treaty of Nice
Treaty of Amsterdam
1993
Treaty of European Union
– Maastricht
The Lisbon treaty - taking Europe into
the 21st century
The Treaty will make the European Union:
More efficient
Simpler processes, full-time president
for the Council, etc.
More democratic
Stronger role for the European Parliament
and national parliaments, "Citizens Initiative",
Charter of Fundamental Rights, etc.
More transparent Clarifies who does what, greater public access
to documents and meetings, etc.
More united on
the world stage
High Representative for Foreign Policy, etc.
More secure
New possibilities to fight climate change
and terrorism, secure energy supplies, etc.
EU population in the world
Population in millions, 2009
1339
500
307
128
EU
China
Japan
142
Russia United States
The area of the EU compared to the rest
of the world
Surface area, 1 000 km²
16 889
9327
9159
4234
365
EU
China
Japan
Russia United States
How rich is the EU compared to the rest
of the world?
38 700
27 800
25 100
12 508
9819
12 200
4 400
3 329
1 326
EU
China
468
Japan
Russia
United States
Size of economy: 2008 gross domestic product
in billion of euros
EU
China
Japan
Russia
United States
Wealth per person: 2008 gross domestic product
per person
131
230
Romania
43
43
34
30
20
9
Estonia
Denmark
Netherlands
Belgium
Slovenia
Cyprus
0.3
49
Slovakia
Malta
62
Latvia
3
63
Lithuania
Luxemburg
68
83
Austria
Ireland
92
Portugal
77
93
Hungary
Czech Republic
111
Bulgaria
Greece
244
United Kingdom
Italy
Finland
Poland
Germany
Sweden
Spain
France
295
305
313
357
410
506
544
How big are the EU countries?
Surface area in 1 000 km²
21.5
5.4
5.3
4.5
3.3
2.3
2.0
1.3
0.8
0.5
0.4
Slovakia
Finland
Ireland
Lithuania
Latvia
Slovenia
Estonia
Cyprus
Luxemburg
Malta
8.4
Austria
5.5
9.3
Sweden
Denmark
10.0
Hungary
7.6
10.5
Czech Republic
Bulgaria
10.6
10.8
11.3
Portugal
Belgium
Greece
Netherlands
16.5
38.1
Romania
Poland
60.1
Italy
45.8
61.6
United Kingdom
Spain
64.4
France
Germany
82.1
How many people live in the EU?
Population in millions, 2009
500 million total
The euro – a single currency for Europeans
Can be used everywhere in the euro area
4Coins: one side with national symbols,
one side common
4Notes: no national side
EU countries using the euro
EU countries not using the euro
Three key players
The European Parliament
- voice of the people
Martin Schulz, President of
of the European Parliament
The council of Ministers
- voice of the Member States
Herman Van Rompuy, President of the European Council
The European Commission
- promoting the common interest
José Manuel Barroso, President
of the European Commission
The EU institutions
European Council (summit)
European Parliament
Court of
Justice
Court of
Auditors
European Investment Bank
Council of Ministers
(Council of the EU)
European Commission
Economic and Social
Committee
Committee of the Regions
Agencies
European Central Bank
The European Parliament – voice of the people
4 Decides EU laws and budget together with Council of Ministers
4 Democratic supervision of all the EU’s work
Number of members elected in each country (January 2012)
Austria
19
Finland
13
Latvia
9
Romania
33
Belgium
22
France
74
Lithuania
12
Slovakia
13
Germany
99
Luxembourg
6
Slovenia
8
Greece
22
Malta
6
Spain
54
20
Bulgaria
Cyprus
18
6
Czech Republic
22
Hungary
22
Netherlands
26
Sweden
Denmark
13
Ireland
12
Poland
51
United Kingdom 72
Italy
73
Portugal
22
Total
Estonia
6
753
The European political parties
Number of seats in the European Parliament
per political group
(January 2012)
Alliance of Liberals and
Democrats for Europe
84
European People’s Party
(Christian Democrats)
271
Greens/European Free Alliance
58
Progressive Alliance of Socialists
and Democrats
190
European United
Left - Nordic Green Left
34
European Conservatives
and Reformists
53
Europe of Freedom
and Democracy
33
Total : 753
Non-attached
members 30