Download BELL QUIZ: USE PAGES 605-608

BELL QUIZ:
Use pages 602-608 of your textbook
1) Name the leader of the Soviet Union AND the
leader of the U.S. at the conclusion of WWII.
2) What world wide peacekeeping organization
was created on June 26, 1945?
3) List the 6 Soviet satellite nations established
in Eastern Europe as communist countries.
4) Define “Cold War.”
5) How many Soviets died in WWII?
BELL QUIZ ANSWERS
1) Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union) and Harry
Truman (U.S.)
2) United Nations
3) Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
Romania, Poland (THE IRON CURTAIN).
4) Cold War=State of hostility, without direct
military conflict, that developed between the
U.S. and the Soviet Union after WWII.
5) 20 million soviets died in WWII.
BELL QUIZ: USE PAGES 605-608
1) What policy did the U.S. enact in 1946 in an
attempt to block communism from expanding
into other countries?
2) Why did the U.S. give $400 million in aid to
Turkey and Greece from 1947-1950?
3) Which two countries received the most aid under
the Marshall Plan?
4) How many flights were flown into West Berlin to
drop 2.3 million tons of food to the civilians?
5) What pledge did the 12 members of NATO take?
BELL QUIZ ANSWERS
1) Containment
2) The U.S. wanted to help the post war
economies of Greece and Turkey and avoid a
communist takeover.
3) Great Britain and France.
4) 277,000 flights in 327 days.
5) Pledged to provide military support to one
another. An attack against one would be an
attack against them all.
Objectives
The Student Will (TSW)…
1) Understand the difference between
communism and capitalism.
2) Explain the breakdown of relations between the
U.S. and Soviet Union after WWII.
3) Summarize the steps taken to contain Soviet
influence.
4) Describe how the Truman Doctrine and Marshall
Plans deepened Cold War tensions.
5) Explain how conflicts over Germany increased fear
of Soviet aggression.
Essential Questions
Why did the United States and the Soviet Union
become enemies after World War Two?
How did this impact the two nations and the
rest of the World?
Big Idea
The Cold War between the United States and
the Soviet Union influenced the people,
government, and diplomacy with nations
throughout the World.
Anticipatory Set
• What happens when 2 people dislike each
other because of conflicting personalities or
ideas?
• Could the same situation happen between 2
countries?
COLD WAR 1945-1992
Definition: The unfriendly relations that existed
between the Soviet Union and the United
States from the end of World War II to the
1980’s.
Neither side ever fought the other - the
consequences would be too appalling - but
they did ‘fight’ for their beliefs and for world
supremacy in all areas of life (sports, space
race, military, politics, etc).
Assignments
1. Communism vs. Capitalism Handout: Use
your textbook and/or your technology.
Soviet Union and U.S. mistrust
• The Soviets and the Americans mistrusted each other even
though they were allies in WWII. WHY?
1) Soviets upset about not being invited to Treaty of
Versailles (peace treaty ending WWI).
2) Soviets were stripped of their colonies in Finland, Estonia,
Latvia, and Lithuania.
3) Soviets resent the U.S. delay in attacking Germany in
Europe. (didn’t happen until June 6, 1944)
4) Soviets find out that we secretly developed the atomic
bomb. U.S. drops two A-Bombs on Japan to end WWII.
5) U.S. worried that spreading communism to America would
result in loss of private property, constitutional rights, and
a free enterprise economic system.
Yalta Conference and Potsdam
Conference
Yalta Conference (pages
585-586).
• Major agreements
between Soviet Union
and the U.S.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Potsdam Conference
(pages 604-605)
• Major agreements
between Soviet Union
and the U.S.
1.
2.
What is Communism?
• Theory:
A) The Social class with the economic power also
had social and political power.
B) There are 2 classes of people in every society:
The “Haves” and the “Have-Nots”.
Capitalists (Haves): own capital-land, money, and
machinery.
Workers: (Have-Nots): own only their labor.
Communism
• In 1919 Vladimir Lenin led the successful
Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, installing
communism.
• Communism: A) economic and political
system based on a 1 party government ruled
by a dictatorship. B) Private Property is
confiscated and turned over to the state to
equalize power and wealth. C) Government
owns all factories and businesses, controlling
production and prices.
Communism Explained
Use pages 602-608 to fill out your
study guide (20 Minutes)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
United Nations
Potsdam Conference
The Big 3
Satellite Nations
Containment and Iron Curtain
Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan
Berlin Airlift
NATO
UNITED NATIONS (UN)
• On June 26, 1945, the
representatives of 50
nations sign a charter in
San Francisco establishing a
peace keeping organization
similar, but stronger, to the
League of Nations.
• Headquarters are in NYC.
• 5 nations have veto power:
U.S., Soviet Union, China,
Great Britain, and France.
POTSDAM CONFERENCE
• The Big 3: Stalin (Soviet
Union), Truman (U.S.), and
Clement Attlee (Great
Britain) meet in June 1945
at the final wartime
conference.
• Stalin promises to allow free
elections in all European
countries currently
occupied by Soviet military
forces.
• He lied. By July all Eastern
European countries had
communist governments
w/out elections ever being
held.
THE IRON CURTAIN
• Truman’s post WWII goal
was to spread democracy
to all nations.
• Stalin wanted a buffer
zone between them and
Western Europe to
protect his people and
country from future
invasions.
• Stalin also wanted to
rebuild his economy by
taking raw materials from
Eastern Europe.
SATELLITE NATIONS
• The 8 Eastern European
communist nations
dominated by the Soviet
Union were: East
Germany, Poland,
Hungary, Romania,
Bulgaria, Yugoslavia,
Albania, and
Czechoslovakia.
• The “Iron Curtain” is the
imaginary wall separating
West and East Europe
(Democracy vs.
Communism).
Elbow Partner
• European governments immediately following
WWII were very fragile and their economies
extremely weak. Because of that many
countries were vulnerable to revolutions and
new governments installed.
• Take 2 minutes to discuss and write down
several plans you could try to use to keep
communism from spreading to other
countries.
THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE
• In 1947, President Truman gives $400 million
in economic and military aid to Greece and
Turkey (Greece=Revolution; Turkey=buffer
zone between the Iron Curtain and the Middle
East)
• Wanted to help them rebuild after WWII and
“support free peoples who are resisting
communist takeovers.”
GEORGE KENNAN AND CONTAINMENT
• In February 1946 the U.S.
implemented the policy
of containment.
• Containment= attempt
to block communism
from expanding into
other countries by using
any possible means.
THE MARSHALL PLAN
• The U.S. (proposed by Secretary of State
George Marshall) gives $13 billion in aid to 16
European countries that were devastated by
WWII.
• Purpose: 1-fight against hunger, poverty,
desperation, and chaos. 2-keep Western
European countries from becoming
communist.
ALLIED OCCUPATION OF GERMANY
• At the conclusion of WWII
Germany had been divided
in half.
• The Soviet Union occupied
the eastern half. The U.S.,
Great Britain, and France
occupied the western half.
• Berlin, the capital, was also
divided in half even though
it was located in the Soviet
occupied eastern region.
Soviets controlled East
Berlin.
BERLIN AIRLIFT
• In June 1948, Stalin closes
all highways and railroads
into West Berlin from
West Germany.
• No food or fuel can get
into the city.
• 2.1 million residents only
had enough food and
supplies to last 5 weeks.
• Stalin is trying to starve
the citizens into joining
sides with the
communist.
THE BERLIN AIRLIFT
• The United States and Great
Britain broke the blockade by
flying 2.3 million tons of food
and supplies in to West Berlin
on 277,000 flights in 327 days.
That’s 847 flights per day or
roughly 1 flight every 30
seconds!!
• The U.S. was daring the
Soviets to shoot down the
planes. They didn’t, so the
Soviets looked “soft” to the
world.
• The U.S. were the “good guys”
and the “heroes.”
• http://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=_nHdB1vJNsg
NATO
• The North Atlantic Treaty
Organization:
10 Western European countries
form a defensive treaty with
the U.S. and Canada to
protect against communism
invasions and takeovers.
*Belgium, Denmark, France,
Great Britain, Iceland, Italy,
Luxembourg, the
Netherlands, Norway, and
Portugal.
*Maintains 500,000 troops and
thousands of planes, tanks,
and other equipment.
MAP ASSIGNMENT: #2 C Level
Use pages A12 and 605
Exit Slip
1) Write one thing you learned today.
2) Rate your understanding of today’s topic on a
scale of 1-10. What can you do to improve
your understanding?
3) Write one thing you didn’t understand today.
4) Write your name.
5) Turn in the Exit Slip to me before you leave
today.