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Why did the USA join WW2? Task • Get into pairs • One person from each pair to stay in the room and use the text books to help find the reasons. • The other group to go to IT3 and make notes from the remainder of this presentation. • Back in Hu1 after 20 mins to collate evidence. • Debate the importance of the causes for last 15 mins. Japan, China, the United States and the Road to Pearl Harbor, 1937-41 • Pre 1937 – most US officials were not too bothered with the fighting between China and Japan. • Japan and China went to full scale war in July 1937, this lead to US public opinion supporting China. • Japanese Army bombed USS Panay killing three – US government still want to avoid conflict. • 1940-1941 Roosevelt formalises aid to China. • Allows credit to allow China to buy arms and begins to restrict Japan’s access to raw materials such as steel, oil and iron. • Japan established the Greater East Asia CoProsperity Sphere and announced their intention to drive the Western imperialist nations from Asia. • Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy on September 27, 1940 and thereby linked the conflicts in Europe and Asia. • In mid-1941, Japan signed a Neutrality Pact with the Soviet Union, making it clear that Japan's military would be moving into Southeast Asia, where the United States had greater interests. • An agreement with Vichy France enabled Japanese forces to move into Indochina and begin their Southern Advance. The United States responses to the growing threat • Temporarily halted negotiations with Japanese diplomats. • Instituted a full embargo on exports to Japan. • Froze Japanese assets in U.S. banks. • Sent supplies into China along the Burma Road. Japan’s response to US actions • Faced with serious shortages as a result of the embargo, unable to retreat, and convinced that the U.S. officials opposed further negotiations, Japan's leaders came to the conclusion that they had to act swiftly. • This lead to the attack on Pearl Harbor.