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Main Idea
Jefferson tried to avoid involvement in the
problems of other nations.
Why It Matters Now
British interference with the affairs of the
United States led to the War of 1812.
1
England did not want the U.S.
providing their enemies with
supplies and food
http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/locations/images/img0054a.jpg
2
The Americans
wanted to trade
with both the
English and the
French
http://www.celebrations-nationwide.com/55897-18.jpg
3
IMPRESSMENT - is kidnapping,
in this case from a ship on the
ocean
Britain
impressed
about
6,000
American
sailors
http://www.shippaintings.com/large_images/uss_constitution.JPG
4
EMBARGO ACT OF 1807 - stated
no American ships could sail to
foreign ports and all American
ports were closed to British ships
5
The Embargo Act
was a disaster - it
hurt the U.S.
economy badly
What were the effects of Jefferson’s Embargo Act?
Causes
Effects
Embargo Act
Lost markets hurt
farmers.
Merchants lost
sources of income.
6
JAMES MADISON
wins the election of
1808. Congress had
repealed the
Embargo before he
took office
http://earlyamerica.com/portraits/images/madison.jpg
7
TECUMSEH Shawnee chief that
organized local
tribes against the
U.S. government
http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/catalogues/people/tecumseh.jpeg
8
The Native
Americans and
the British join
forces after the
Battle of
Tippecanoe
http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/background/images/tippecanoe2-33.jpeg
http://search.eb.com/elections/art/otippea001p4.jpg
9
WAR HAWKS
wanted war with
England
(They were
Westerners who
wanted war!)
http://www.kidzone.ws/animals/hawk.jpg
10 Reasons to FIGHT
1. U.S. is upset
about the
impressments on
American sailors
10
2. U.S. is upset
about the
British stopping
their ships at
sea
10
3. U.S. is upset
the British have
joined forces
with the Native
Americans
http://www.canadianheritage.org/images/regular/20305.jpg
11
On June 18,
1812 the United
States declares
war on England
http://www.reformation.org/war-of-1812.enh.jpg
• How did the British and French interfere with
American shipping?
• How did Jefferson respond to the interference?
• Why did the War Hawks favor war?
http://www.shippaintings.com/age_of_sail.htm
• How did the British and French interfere with
American shipping?
• How did Jefferson respond to the interference?
• Why did the War Hawks favor war?
1
War of 1812 had 2 phases:
1) 1812 to 1814 – England
concentrated on defeating the
French and paid little attention to
U.S.
1
2) After April of 1814 the British
defeated the French and turned
their focus to the US
What military events occurred in the first phase
and the second phase of the War of 1812?
FIRST PHASE
SECOND PHASE
Americans win
important victories
on the high seas.
British fail to capture Baltimore.
Perry defeats British
fleet on
Lake Erie.
Jackson’s army defeats
British forces at the Battle of
New Orleans.
Image
American fleet defeats British
fleet on Lake Champlain.
British also involved in a war
with France.
2
The American
army and navy
was very weak
at the start of the
war
3
OLIVER HAZZARD
PERRY was an
American naval
commander in charge
of U.S. ships in the
Great Lakes
OLIVER HAZZARD
PERRY IN BATTLE OF
THAMES
OLIVER HAZZARD PERRY IN
BATTLE OF THAMES
4
BATTLE OF THAMES was an
important victory for the
Americans for two reasons
4
1) The American
victory put an end
to the British threat
in Northwest
United States
4
2) Tecumseh was
killed in the
battle
5
FRANCIS SCOTT
KEY wrote the
National Anthem as
he watched the
attack on Fort
McHenry
AMERICAN FLAG AT FORT Mc
FORT McHENRY
Original copy of
the National
Anthem
Written by Francis
Scott Key as watch
the Battle at Fort
McHenry
6
The hero of the
BATTLE OF NEW
ORLEANS was
GENERAL
ANDREW
JACKSON
BATTLE OF NEW ORLEA
BATTLE OF NEW ORLEA
7
TREATY OF GHENT ended the
War of 1812
Basically there was no clear winner
and many trade disputes were still
unsettled
SIGNING THE TREATY OF
ORIGINAL
COPY OF
THE
TREATY
OF GHENT
8
Results of the War of
1812:
1) Increased
American patriotism
8
2) Weakened Native Americans
against the United States
8
3) American trade was expanded
and more manufacturing followed
the war
8
4) America
proved it could
defend itself
against a major
world power
• What was the state of the U.S. military when
the war began?
• What were the results of General Harrison’s
victory at the Battle of the Thames?
• Where did the British focus their attacks during
the second phase of the war?