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Animals The evolution of the Kingdom Anamilia NEXT Subkingdoms Subkingdom Parazoa Subkingdom Metazoa List Subkingdom Parazoa Animals that posses neither tissues nor organs Click here for : Phylum Proferifera Back Phylum Proferifera • • • • • • Aquatic Lack tissues and organs Motile larvae Sessile adults Filter feeders Skeleton made up of spongina and/or spicules • Dead end phylum Examples: Venus’ Flower Basket, Bath Sponge, Tube Sponge List Subkingdom Metazoa Click for: Phylum Cnidaria Phylum Annelida Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Anthropoda Phylum Nematoda Phylum Echinodermata Phylum Mollusca Phylum Chordata Back Phylum Cnidaria Click for movie • Either a Medusa shape, like jelly fish, or a polyp, like coral • Still very simple filter feeders • Open circulatory system, • No brain. Classes: • Oxygen comes from the Hydrozoa: Hydras, both polyp and water around them. medusa • Kill prey with toxins Scyphozoa: Jellyfish, medusa that paralyze the body Anthozoa: Polyps, sexual & asexual Back Phylum Platyhelminthes • • • • • Flatworms Some are parasites Some are free living Single opening system Circulatory and respiratory systems not Beef tapeworm Classes developed Turbellaria: Free living, flat worms • Can enter sponges or Cindarians Trematoda: External & internal parasites, flatworms • Cephalization Cestadoa:Tapeworms, have a head Back Phylum Nematoda § Round worms § Don’t have a brain § Two opening system: Mouth and Anus § Reproduce sexually § Breath through body walls § Do not positively affect humans § Bilateral symmetry Tail of a hookworm Back Phylum Mollusca Click for movie • Soft bodies with internal or external shell • Four basic parts: Foot, mantle, shell, visceral mass • External fertilization • Excrete through an organ called the nephridia • Very intelligent Classes • Use gills for breathing Plecypoda- Bivalves, open circulatory • Solid waste Gastropoda- Gastropods, some terrestrial Cephalopoda- Closed circulatory Back • • • • • • • • Phylum Annelida Round Worm-like animals Segmented Two opening digestive system Closed circulatory system Variety of colors Bilateral symmetry Ventral nerve cord down center of body Classes Leech Polycheata: Marine worms, long bristles Oligochaeta: Earthworms, few bristles Hirudinea: Leeches, carnivorous, Back • • • • • Phylum Anthropoda Tough exoskelton Jointed appendages Open circulatory system Well-developed brain Segmented body Subphylums Chelicerate: Two-part body, chelicerea Crustacea: Hard exoskeleton , two pair antenna, mandibles Uniramia: One pair antenna, unbranched appendages Uniramia Classes Chilopoda: Carnivorus with posin claws, long wormlike body, lots of legs Diplopoda: Worm like body, lots of legs, not carnivorus Click for movie Insecta: Body has three parts and three pairs of legs, mandibles, societies Back Phylum Chordata • Notochord, sometimes replaced with a backbone • Pharyngeal gills during some part of development • Hallow dorsal nerve cord • Closed circulatory system • Two sets of paired appendages (limbs) Fishes Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals Back Fishes • • • • • Two chambered heart Scales and fins Pharyngeal gills Excretion through gills Respiration through gills and swim bladder • Advanced nervous system • Lay eggs Classes Cephalaspidomorphi: Larve are filter feeders and adults are parasites Chondrichthyes: Bony endoskeleton Osteichthyes: Live in salt water, endoskeleton of cartlage Back Amphibians • Adapted primarily to life in wet places • Ectothermic • Most are carnivorus • Moist, smooth skin • Lay eggs • Internal fertilization • Adults either aquatic or terresterial Click for movie Orders Urodela:Salamanders Anura: Frogs and toads Apoda: Legless amphibians Back Reptiles Click for movie • Adapted to terresterial life • More advanced then amphibians • Dry, scaled skin • Amniotic eggs has a hard outer shell • Three to four chambered heart Orders Squamata: Lizards and snakes Crocodilia: Crocodilians Chelonia: Turtles Back Birds • Endothermic-first • Feathers cover body surface • Scales on legs and feet • Hollow bones • Four chambered heart • Well developed lungs and air sacs • Internal fertilization Click for movie Class Aves Back • • • • • Mammals Most viviparous Many have sweat glands Mammary glands Hair Four chambered heart Click for movie Orders Monotremata: Lay eggs that hatch externally Marsupaila: Pouched animals Insectavora: Feed on anthropods Primates: Highly developed brain, complex social interaction Carnivora: Live in salt water or on land Perissodactyla: Odd-toed ungulates Artiodactyla: Even-toed ungulates
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