Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Cell theory wikipedia , lookup
Hematopoietic stem cell wikipedia , lookup
Regeneration in humans wikipedia , lookup
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation wikipedia , lookup
Human embryogenesis wikipedia , lookup
Human genetic resistance to malaria wikipedia , lookup
Organ-on-a-chip wikipedia , lookup
Body Structure of Animals Skeletal System Gives shape & protects. Gives Framework. Bones Hard part of the skeleton. Made of calcium & phosphorus. Spongy Bone: most interior, contains the red bone marrow, which produces blood cells. Made up of 25% Water. Bones Cont. Parts of the skeleton form during first weeks of conception Bone development continues through adulthood. Bone development repairs fractures & remodels. Cartilage Found near bones. Flexible material that lubricates the joints & cushions shock. Ulna Integumentary System Covers & Protects Body (Skin) Draw & Label on back of Handout #17 STOP HERE Muscular System Largest System making up 45% of the body. Tendons: connective tissue of muscle to bone. Muscular System Two major types of muscle: Voluntary- controlled by thinking (eye) Involuntary- automatic response (Heart & Pupil) Muscular System Muscle is the meat you eat. The location of the muscle will relate to it’s tenderness. Muscles respond to commands of the nervous system. Circulatory System The system responsible for moving digested food, oxygen, wastes, and other materials around the body. Blood- In CTE ppt. The liquid substance of the circulatory system; made of: Plasma Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets Plasma The “liquid” of blood material. Made up of 90% water Contains dissolved substances including: glucose, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids. Red Blood Cells Made in red marrow of bones Contains a protein called hemoglobin which carries oxygen in the blood. Numerous red blood cells contained in the body, these cells cannot repair themselves and die after a period of time. White Blood Cells Help fight disease. Animals which are diseased will increase white blood cell numbers. Pus which forms around wounds is white blood cells. Sometimes called soldiers for their roll in fighting disease. Platelets Not complete cells but are essential for blood to clot Important to stop the blood loss created by wounds. System Parts Four major parts of the circulatory system: Heart Arteries Capillaries Veins Heart The “pump” that sends blood throughout the system. Involuntary muscular organ. Contracts continuously throughout the lifetime of the animal. Arteries The vessels that carry blood from the heart. Capillaries Branches of arteries the carry blood to the cells. Capillary walls are only on cell thick this allows for easy exchange between the cells and the blood. Blood flows through the capillaries to the veins. Veins Veins carry blood back to the heart. Blood in the veins has given its oxygen to the cells and picked up waste materials. Heart Parts Deer Heart See video on teacher tube http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo .php?video_id=20389 Respiratory System Take notes of all terms on back of Cows Respiratory System Handout This system moves gases to and from the circulatory system. Its purpose is to provide the blood with oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide from the blood. Types of Respiration Internal- exchange of gases between the cells and the blood within the body. (cells breaking down glucose for energy) External- exchange of gases in the lungs between the blood and the atmosphere. (breathing) Breathing Processes Inspiration- taking air into the lungs. Expiration- moving air out of the lungs. Parts of the Respiration System 7. Nasal Chamber 6. Nostrils 5. Pharynx 4. Larynx 3. Trachea 2. Bronchial Tube 1. Lungs Label the Cows Respiratory System Handout Nostrils Write down info on each part you labeled on the Cows Respiratory System Handout by using the following slides. Openings near the mouth through which gases enter and leave the body. Air is filtered and moistened by the hairs and mucous membranes. Pharynx Connects the nose area with the mouth area. Located in the back of the mouth. Larynx Often called the voice box. Two ligaments, known as vocal cords are located here. When air is passed over ligaments, sound is created in the larynx. Trachea Also known as the wind pipe. Connects the pharynx with the lungs. The trachea branches into bronchi, which further divide into smaller tubes inside the lungs. Lungs Gases exchanged here between the atmosphere and the blood. Located inside the chest cavity and supported by the rib cage and diaphragm. Excretory System Use Excretory System Handout and take notes the same way as before. Rids the body of wastes from cell activity. Wastes are known as metabolic wastes. This processes is known as excretion. Parts Include: Skin Kidneys Bladder Urethra Skin Helps rid the body of wastes through a process known as perspiration Helps regulate the body temperature. Temperatures are cooled by the evaporation of water. Not all animals perspire. Kidneys Filters the blood Remove wastes created by cells in the body as well as excess water and minerals Liquid produced here is called urine. Bladder Urine made by the kidneys is stored in the bladder. A muscular sac that is connected to the urethra. Urethra The tube that carries urine out of the body. Digestive System Prepares food for use by the body. Kinds: Write down bolded items: Ruminants-animals that chew cud; more than one compartment in the stomach Non-ruminants-known as monogastrics, do not chew cud, stomachs have one compartment. Parts of the Digestive System Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Anus See 10 use Digestive System Slide Show Reproductive System Use Reproductive System Handouts and take notes the same way as before (Label parts & functions on pic in packet). Provides for the production of new organisms to perpetuate a species; the only organ system that varies among male and female animals of the same species. Puberty Age at which an animal is capable of reproduction. Male Reproductive System Pg. 40 in packet Designed to produce, store, and release sperm. Label the major parts :below on the Bull Repro System Handout: • • • • • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Cowpers Gland Prostate Gland Ureters Bladder Penis • • • • • 6. Vas Deferens 7. Testicles 8. Scrotum 9. Epididymis 10. Scrotum Testicles & Scrotom Testicles - produce spermatozoa & male hormone Testosterone Scrotom - sack which carries testicles functions as a heat regulator Epididymis & Vas Deferens Epididymis - tube connects to testes storage of spermatozoa (200 billion at a time) spermatozoa mature as they migrate through Vas Deferens - tube connects to epididymus if removed, can't reproduce = vasectomy Female Reproductive System Designed to produce ova Makes fertilization possible Provides a good environment for development of the fetus in mammals Parts of the Female Reproductive System (Pg. 39) 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Uterus Ovaries Oviducts Vulva Vagina (birth canal) Cervix Vulva & Vagina Vulva - exterior portion of reproductive tract provides visual signs of heat Vagina - between vulva & cervix Cows & Ewes: semen is deposited here Mares & Sows: semen is deposited in the cervix Cervix - "Mouth of the womb" opening into uterus at birth cervix stretches to allowbaby to pass (most painful part) during pregnancy cervix becomes blocked with a mucous plug to prevent infection Uterine Horns & Fallopian Tube Uterine Horns - two branches of uterus Fallopian Tube - uterine horn becomes a small tube lined with cilia which aid in egg migration Ovaries located at end of fallopian tubes possesses large number of eggs in all stages of development this is all the eggs she will ever have, unlike the male very few eggs reach maturity if not fertilized, the egg is reabsorbed by the body What does "in heat" mean? Heat is the time when a female is receptive to the male and will allow breeding to take place Females also show external signs of "Heat" aggressive behavior swelling and/or color change of vulva Estrus Cycle Preparation of female reproduction system for reproduction; during “heat” part of cycle, females are receptive of breeding. Fertilization The union of sperm and egg. Pregnant Female with developing animal in reproductive tract. Embryo Developing animal during first half of pregnancy. Fetus Developing animal during second half of pregnancy. Gestation Period between fertilization and full development of the fetus. Parturition Process of giving birth. Mammary System Develops in females to provide milk for babies Location- producing Milk. YouTube Videos AI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qBy TvmtrSd0&list=PLNf9TlM2BdM47uWFO AEXOHhZbYGk1tSM5&index=7 Stallion Collection http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NRy WFEKRMoE&list=PLNf9TlM2BdM47uWF OAEXOHhZbYGk1tSM5&index=6