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Complex Invertebrates Arthropods and Echinoderms 15-3 Arthropods Arthropods More than a million have been identified Main competition for food Insects, Crustaceans, spiders, and scorpions 15-3 Arthropods 3 Main Characteristics Exoskeleton Rigid covering Does not grow Must be shed (molting) 15-3 Arthropods 3 Main Characteristics Segmented body Jointed appendages 15-3 Arthropods Open Circulatory system Blood is not contained in tubes From heart through open spaces in body Blood carried food but not oxygen Reproduce sexually Stay males and females 15-3 Arthropods Crustaceans Crabs Lobsters Barnacles Shrimp 15-3 Arthropods Crustaceans Body divided into segments A pair of appendages is attached to each segment Claws, legs, or antennae Can regenerate certain body parts 15-3 Arthropods Crustaceans Most live in watery environments Breath through gills 15-3 Arthropods Centipedes Have one pair of legs in each segment of their body Have claws that inject venom Carnivores Live in moist environments 15-3 Arthropods Millipedes Have 2 pairs of legs for each segment of their body Herbivores Roll up in ball when in danger Live under logs and rocks 15-3 Arthropods Arachnids Body divided into 2 parts Head and abdomen 4 pairs of legs Are attached to their head 15-3 Arthropods Spiders Feed on insects or small vertebrates Webs Made of silk Secreted by structures in abdomen Most are remade every day 15-3 Arthropods Funnel Web 15-3 Arthropods Trapdoor Web 15-3 Arthropods Spiders Injects venom in prey through fangs Either kills or paralyzes prey Preserves living creatures 15-3 Arthropods Spiders Have book lungs Has several sheets of tissue As oxygen passes over sheets it is removed 15-3 Arthropods Scorpions Have large stingers Hold prey with claws Live under rocks and logs Nocturnal 15-3 Arthropods Ticks and Mites Live on other organisms Live off body fluids Juices of plants Blood of animals 15-3 Arthropods Insect Structure 3 Parts Head Chest (Thorax) Abdomen Has 3 pairs of legs attached to the chest 15-3 Arthropods Insect Structure Many eyes Compound eyes Contain many lenses Detect movement Simple eyes Detect light and dark 15-3 Arthropods Insect Structure Most have wings Can have many pairs Has series of tubes for carrying oxygen Reproduce sexually 15-3 Arthropods Growth and Development Grow rapidly Must shed exoskeleton Metamorphosis When an insect changes their appearance during development 15-3 Arthropods Metamorphosis Complete 4 stage process Egg Larva Spends most of the time eating Pupa Usually covered in cocoon or chrysalis Adult 15-3 Arthropods Metamorphosis Incomplete Egg Young Nymphs Looks like adult but doesn’t have all characteristics Adult 15-3 Arthropods Insect Behavior Most live solitary lives Do not directly compete for available food Males must attract females Buzzing Colors/lights Pheromones Chemicals that attract opposite sex 5-3 Arthropods Insect Behavior Social insects Can not survive on their own Form colonies or hives Individuals perform specific jobs 15-3 Arthropods Defense Mechanisms Mimics Look like surroundings Look like a predator Weapons Stingers Bite Venom 15-3 Arthropods Syrphid Fly 15-3 Arthropods Walking Stick 15-3 Arthropods Viceroy Butterfly 15-3 Arthropods Owl Butterfly 15-4 Echinoderms: The “SpinySkinned” Animals Echinoderms Spiny skin Internal skeleton Bone like plates Made of calcium 5 part body 15-4 Echinoderms: The “SpinySkinned” Animals Echinoderms Water vascular system Fluid-filled internal tubes that… carry food and oxygen Remove waste Help with movement 15-4 Echinoderms: The “SpinySkinned” Animals Echinoderms Tube feet Suction-cuplike Use to walk Use to open shells and catch food 15-4 Echinoderms: The “SpinySkinned” Animals Starfish Have 5 or more arms extending from a central body Have hundreds of tube feet Used to open clams Regenerate 15-4 Echinoderms: The “SpinySkinned” Animals Sea Lilies 15-4 Echinoderms: The “SpinySkinned” Animals Feather Star 15-4 Echinoderms: The “SpinySkinned” Animals Sea Cucumber 15-4 Echinoderms: The “SpinySkinned” Animals Sea Urchins 15-4 Echinoderms: The “SpinySkinned” Animals Sand Dollar