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GIEPPURDEE S2C06 Jeopardy Review Gas Exchange Respiratory Systems Breathing Gas Transport Random 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 It is the source of oxygen (air for terrestrial animals, water for aquatic animals). Q: What is the respiratory medium? S2C06 Jeopardy Review Image modified from: Pearson Education Inc; publishing as Pearson Prenctice Hall © 2006 This is an advantage of air being the respiratory medium as opposed to water. Q: What is a higher oxygen concentration/being easier to pump? S2C06 Jeopardy Review This is an advantage to water being the respiratory medium instead of air. A: What is keeping respiratory cells moist? S2C06 Jeopardy Review The uptake of O and the discharge of CO . A: What is gas exchange? S2C06 Jeopardy Review Characteristics that maximize gas exchange across respiratory surfaces? A: Thin, moist, large surface area S2C06 Jeopardy Review Outfoldings of the body surface that are suspended in water; used by many aquatic animals for gas exchange A: What are gills? S2C06 Jeopardy Review Respiratory organs used by terrestrial animals; all respiration occurs in one place A: What are lungs? S2C06 Jeopardy Review The simplest animals (sponges, cnidarians, and flatworms) respirate this way. A: The gases diffuse across the membrane of every cell in the body. S2C06 Jeopardy Review Branched air tubes that extend to every section in the body, used by insects for respiration A: What is tracheal system/trachea? S2C06 Jeopardy Review Process by which earthworms and amphibians respirate A: What is they respirate across their entire outer skin? S2C06 Jeopardy Review What is the inhalation and exhalation of air? A: Breathing…seriously. S2C06 Jeopardy Review The type of pressure by which amphibians respirate that involves drawing air into the oral cavity, then forcing it down the trachea. A: What is positive pressure? S2C06 Jeopardy Review The type of pressure by which mammals respirate…PULLING air into the lungs. A: What is negative pressure? S2C06 Jeopardy Review The part of the brain that sets breathing rhythms based on the pH in the brain fluid A: What is the medulla (oblongata)? S2C06 Jeopardy Review The adaptation that allows birds to renew air in lungs and have higher oxygen concentrations A: What are air sacs? (posterior and anterior) S2C06 Jeopardy Review Type of blood vessels that circulate gas from the high pressure lungs to the heart A: What are pulmonary veins? S2C06 Jeopardy Review Type of blood vessels that circulate gases from heart to low pressure tissue cells A: What are arteries? S2C06 Jeopardy Review The most abundant oxygen transporting respiratory pigments A: What are hemoglobin and hemocyanin? S2C06 Jeopardy Review The proportion of atmospheric pressure contributed by a single gas. A: What is partial pressure? S2C06 Jeopardy Review The reason more carbon dioxide causes hemoglobin to release the oxygen bound to it. A: The drop in pH caused by presence of CO2. S2C06 Jeopardy Review Image from: http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~simmons/16cm05/1116/16anim3.htm Extremely active mammals consume large amounts of this gas. A: What is oxygen? S2C06 Jeopardy Review Gas besides oxygen that hemoglobin transports. A: What is carbon dioxide? S2C06 Jeopardy Review Type of air sacs that push stale oxygen out of bird lungs A: What are anterior air sacs? S2C06 Jeopardy Review Diving mammals use this to store oxygen in the blood A: What is myoglobin? S2C06 Jeopardy Review http://www.zo.utexas.edu/faculty/sjasper/images/so28_04.gif explanation of countercurrent exchange. An A: Blood and water move in opposite directions. As blood gains more oxygen, it encounters water with everhigher concentrations of oxygen, so S2C06 Jeopardy Review