Download Phylum Arthropoda

Phylum Arthropoda
“JOINTED LEGS”
 Euglossa Bazinga
 http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-
movies/bazinga-species-bee-named-big-bangtheory-character-catch-phrase-article-1.1232240
Characteristics of Arthropods
 Modified segmentation –
body regions specialized for
specific functions
(tagmatization).
 Chitinous exoskeleton used
for support and protection
 Paired, jointed appendages
 Growth accompanied by
molting (ecdysis)
Characteristics of Arthropods
 Ventral nervous system
 Reduced coelom
 Open circulatory system
where blood is released into
tissue spaces (hemocoel)
 Complete digestive tract
 Metamorphosis often
present
Exoskeleton of Chitin
 Must molt to fit
as animal grows larger
 External, jointed skeleton which encloses arthropods
 Provides support, protection, and prevents water loss
 System of levers for muscle attachment and
movement
 Secreted by epidermal cells
Segmentation
Muscles and Movement:
 complex muscular system – both smooth and
striated strong muscle contractions – fast,
 active movements - muscle strength to body weight
ratio of flea greater than that of
humans!
Jointed Appendages
Gills, Compound Eyes, etc.
Respiratory features
 efficient respiratory structures
– gills, tracheal tubes, book
lungs, spiracles
Internal Features (cont.)
 open circulatory
systems – has heart
and arteries but vessels
are open-ended; blood
flows out among
tissues: there are large
open spaces loosely
filled with
tissues, sinuses, and
blood
Internal features
 complex digestive system
and digestive glands to
produce enzymes
 Malphighian tubules –
used to excrete wastes
into intestine
Mandibles
 mandibles – jaws that
hold, chew, suck, or bite
Spiders
 Class Arachnida
Spider chelicerae
 Act as fangs or pincers to hold food
Pedipalps
 act as sensors or
handle food
Funnel Web
Orb Web
Spinnerets
Spider Reproduction
Brown Recluse
Black Widow Spider
Scorpion
 http://healthlineinfo.com/mite-allergy.html
Tick
Eyelash Mite
Plant Mites
II. Merostomata – horseshoe crabs
 “living fossils” – little
change in 500 million
yrs, much like extinct
trilobites
 large heavy
exoskeletons, live on
ocean floor
Crustacea
 Crayfish external
anatomy
Crustacea
 Crayfish
head
Crustacea
 Crayfish
Mouthparts
Crayfish Feeding
Crayfish Brooding
Crayfish Molting
http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencen
ow/2012/06/mantis-shrimpsmash.html
Subphylum Myriapoda
 Four classes, two major:
 Diplopoda-
2 pairs of legs per segment, body
round in cross section. Millipedes
 Chilopoda-1
pair of legs per segment, body oval
in cross section, poison claws. Centipedes
Pink Dragon Millipede
Scolopendra gigantea
Vietnamese Centipede
House Centipede
Garden Centipede
Centipede – Poison Claw/Fang
Diplopoda - Millipedes
Giant African Millipede
Insecta
Class Insecta
 30 Orders within Class Insecta!
 Common features an adult Insect is characterized by:
 Body divided into head, thorax, abdomen
 Three pairs of legs
 Wings
Insect Body Parts
Compound Eyes
Complete Metamorphosis
 larvapupaadult
 in ants, beetles, flies,
moths, butterflies
 Larva – free-living & wormlike
eats, grows, & molts
 Pupa – most in cocoon while
tissues & organs of larva
broken down and replaced by
adult tissues
 Adult – emerges from pupa, ready to reproduce
Reduces competition between adults and
immature stages


Ex: Larval crabs feed on plankton, adult crabs prowl sandy
bottoms for live prey.
Ex: Caterpillar feeds on leafy vegetables, adult butterfly feeds
on nectar from flowers.
Incomplete Metamorphosis
 eggnymphadult
 Nymph smaller version
of adult, not sexually
mature; occurs in
grasshoppers and
cockroaches
Mouthparts
Insect Legs
Wings
Sensory Organs
Sensory Organs
Excretion
 Primary excretory
structures-Malphigian
tubules and the rectum
 Malphigian tubules
remove nitrogenous
wastes from hemocoel
 The rectum excretes
uric acid, which
reduces water loss but
uses most of the energy
the insect gets from
food.
Queen Bee – marked white
Worker Bee
Drone Bee
Waggle Dance
 Waggle dance