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Amphibians Frogs Anatomy Vocabulary • Body Systems – Digestive System, Nervous System, Circulatory System, Excretory System, Muscular System, Skeletal System, Respiratory System • Cloaca – one hole for solid waste, liquid waste, and reproduction. • Liver – organ that removes toxins from blood, and dissolves fats • Pancreas – organ that makes digestive enzymes and hormones. Amphibians • Amphibians have advanced, complex body systems. STERNGRR • What do animals synthesize? • Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic • Acids, • Large Carbohydrates STERNGRR • What do frogs need to transport around their bodies? • How do frogs transport things around their bodies? • Oxygen, CO2, nutrients Closed Circulatory System • Frogs have a three chambered heart. • Arteries bring blood from the heart. • Veins bring blood to the heart. • Oxygenated blood mixes with Deoxygenated blood. STERNGRR • What do frogs need to excrete from their bodies? • • • • • CO2 Nitrogen Water Salts Solid waste Excretory System • Frogs have two kidneys. • Each one filters the blood and passes urine to the bladder. • The bladder empties into the cloaca. • Why would the frog need two kidneys? STERNGRR • • • • • • What kind of respiration do frogs do? Aerobic Cellular Respiration What kind of gas goes in? Oxygen What kind of gas goes out? Carbon Dioxide Respiratory System • Frogs have a lung and a tongue that pushes air in. • They also breath through their moist skin by diffusion. It has to be moist. • Why is it an advantage to have two methods of respiration? Frog Breathing • Video clip STERNGRR • • • • Frogs are heterotrophs (consumers). Where do frogs get their nutrients? Eat insects What is the name for an organism that only eats heterotrophs? • Carnivores Digestive System • Tongue, throat, stomach (churning and digesting), small intestine (digesting and absorbing), large intestine (absorbing water solid waste storage). • Liver, gall bladder – puts bile into stomach. • Pancreas – puts digestive enzymes into intestine. • Villi – small finger like projections in the small intestine that allow for greater absorption of nutrients. • Large intestine empties solid waste from the cloaca. STERNGRR • Amphibians develop from a tadpole with a tail and external gills to an adult with no tail, 4 limbs, and internal lungs • Amphibians need water for their eggs and tadpole stage. They tend to live near water as adults. STERNGRR • Frogs are ectotherms or cold blooded. They have to be in the correct environment to maintain homeostasis. What must do? • Move Muscular Skeletal System • Frogs have muscles and bones that work together for movement. • Muscles don’t push. • Two work in opposite directions. • Joints and ligaments connect bones. • Tendons connect muscle to bone. STERNGRR • How do they control their movement and other internal regulations? • How do they sense their environment? • Nervous system • Five sences . Nervous System • • • • • • Frogs have a brain. Frogs are chordates so they have what? Spinal cord Frogs are vertebrates so they have what? Vertebrate bones Around the spine STERNGRR • Where do frogs reproduce? Where do the females lay her eggs? • Water. Reproductive System • Frogs are male (with testicles) or female (with ovaries). What type of cell division is done in the gonads? • Frogs do sexual reproduction • Males attract a mate by making throat sounds. • Females tend to be larger. • Frogs do external fertilization. • Frogs have soft eggs that need to be in water. • Tadpoles hatch from the eggs. Frog Mating • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7kYmB 474-3U • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g0Pc6F nTCEI&feature=related Mammals Pigs Anatomy Vocabulary • Body Systems – Digestive System, Nervous System, Circulatory System, Excretory System, Muscular System, Skeletal System, Respiratory System Mammals • Mammals have advanced, complex body systems. STERNGRR • What do animals synthesize? • Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic • Acids, • Large Carbohydrates STERNGRR • What do pigs need to transport around their bodies? • How do pigs transport things around their bodies? • Oxygen, CO2, nutrients, waste Closed Circulatory System • Pigs have a four chambered heart. • Arteries bring blood from the heart. • Veins bring blood to the heart. • Oxygenated blood does not mix with Deoxygenated blood. STERNGRR • What do pigs need to excrete from their bodies? • • • • • CO2 Nitrogen Water Salts Solid waste Excretory System • Pigs have two kidneys. • Each one filters the blood and passes urine to the bladder. • The bladder empties into the urethra. • Why would the frog need two kidneys? STERNGRR • • • • • • What kind of respiration do pigs do? Aerobic Cellular Respiration What kind of gas goes in? Oxygen What kind of gas goes out? Carbon Dioxide Respiratory System • Pigs have a diaphragm that pulls air in. Mammals Breathing • Video clip STERNGRR • • • • Pigs are heterotrophs (consumers). Where do Pigs get their nutrients? Eat anything What is the name for an organism that only eats anything? • Omnivores Digestive System • Tongue, throat, stomach (churning and digesting), small intestine (digesting and absorbing), large intestine (absorbing water solid waste storage). • Liver, gall bladder – puts bile into stomach. • Pancreas – puts digestive enzymes into intestine. • Villi – small finger like projections in the small intestine that allow for greater absorption of nutrients. • Large intestine empties solid waste from the anus. STERNGRR • Mammals develop inside the womb. • Mammals go through puberty to become sexually mature. • What type of cell division allows multicellular organisms to grow into adults? STERNGRR • Frogs are endotherms or warm blooded. They can regulate their own internal environment to maintain homeostasis? • • • • How can endotherms become warm? Shiver, increase metabolism How can endotherms cool off? Sweat. Metabolism • What is made during cellular respiration? ATP • When energy is used moving muscles what is created? • Heat • What other adaptation keeps mammals warm? • fur Sweat • What do mammals do to keep from getting too hot? • Sweat Muscular Skeletal System • Pigs have muscles and bones that work together for movement. • Muscles don’t push. • Two work in opposite directions. • Joints and ligaments connect bones. • Tendons connect muscle to bone. STERNGRR • How do they control their movement and other internal regulations? • How do they sense their environment? • Nervous system • Five sences . Nervous System • • • • • • Pigs have a brain. Pigs are chordates so they have what? Spinal cord Pigs are vertebrates so they have what? Vertebrate bones Around the spine STERNGRR • • • • • Where do pigs reproduce? On land. Do pigs give live birth or have eggs? Live What do pigs and all mammals have for their young to drink? • milk Mammary Glands • Glands under the skin produce milk. Reproductive System • Pigs are male (with testicles) or female (with ovaries). What type of cell division is done in the gonads? • Pigs do sexual reproduction. • Wild pigs fight for females with tusks. • Pigs do internal fertilization. • Pigs have live birth. • Pigs have a placenta for the growing fetus. • Pigs have milk for their young. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyaWnbR82E&feature=related deer • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZRuO 1YSZis&feature=related elephant RAFT assignment Choose a role, audience, format, and topic. Write on a separate sheet of paper Include SUPPORT and ELABORATION! Role Audience Format Topic Annelid Worm Insect (choose 1!) Mom & dad The animal kingdom Ransom Note Rap/Song Dating/Sex Your new home Other animals like you Thank You Letter You are the superior animal Human A newspaper article Your life is the best/worst Amphibian Mammal Writing Expectations… 1. Quiet the whole time – focus!! 2. OUTLINE your ideas first!!! (ex. Graphic organizer, list, freewrite etc.) 3. THEN, I’ll check you off and you can create your masterpiece! Have fun and BE CREATIVE!
