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Animal Classification
THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ANIMALS:
1. MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
2. CAPABILITY OF LOCOMOTION
3. MUST INJEST FOOD
NINE ANIMAL PHYLA
INVERTEBRATES:
(8 PHYLA)
ALL LACK INTERNAL SKELETON, SOME HAVE
EXOSKELTON OR SHELL
VERTEBRATES (CORDATES): (1 phylum)
INTERNAL SKELTON MADE OF BONE/ CARTILAGE
1. PORIFERA:
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‘Pore- Bearing”
Filter feeders
Asymmetrical
Feed and get rid of wastes thru diffusion
Sessile
Ex.- sponges
2. CNIDARIA
• Have stinging tenacles
• Stun prey with toxins
• Prey is drawn into mouth and dissolved/
digested
• Radial symmetry
EXAMPLES:
CORAL, JELLYFISH,
SEA ANEMONE
Polyps: Sea anemones
Purple striped jelly, Pelagia panopyra
3. PLATYHELMINTHES:
• One opening for ingestion and egestion
• Primitive nervous system
• Exchange gases by diffusion thru moist
membranes
• Bilateral symmetry
EXAMPLES:
PLANARIA,
FLUKE,
TAPEWORM
5. ANNELIDA
• Segmented worms
• Each segment has a nervous. circulatory,
excretory, muscular system
• Bilateral symmetry
• First organism with complex body systems
EXAMPLES:
LEECH, EARTHWORMS
6. ARTHROPODA
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Animals with jointed appendages
Have an exoskeleton
They shed their exoskeleton (molt)
We study crustaceans – these are marine
arthropods
EXAMPLES:
SHRIMP,
LOBSTER,
CRAB, BARNACLE
7. MOLLUSCA
• There are 3 classes: gastropods, bi-valves,
cephalopods
• Have an external shell
• Have bi- lateral symmetry
• Cephalopods are extremely intelligent
• ex.- squid, octopus, cuttlefish, nautilus
8. ECHINODERMATA
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Have spiny bodies
Radial symmetry
Benthic- bottom dwellers
Central mouth on ventral surface
ex.- sea urchin, sea star, sea cucumber, sand
dollar
9. CHORDATA
• Have a backbone that protects the spinal
cord
• Most developed nervous system
• Contains animals that we are most familiar
with
• ex.- fish, mammals, reptiles,
amphibians