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Cardiovascular
System
Hematology
Cardiovascular System
Connective Tissue: Blood
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Formed Elements
[cells]
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Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Platelets
Ground Substance
Fiber
Composition
Plasma
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Composition
Function
Hormone Control
Problems
Plasma Proteins
Albumin Function
Blood Chemistries
Formed Elements of Blood
Blood Formation Pathways
Hematopoiesis
Pluripotent Hematopoietic Stem Cell
Bone Marrow Smear
Red Bone Marrow
Red Bone Marrow Sampling
Hematopoietic Cell Lines
Blood Use
Erythropoiesis
EPO Source and MOA
Juxtaglomerular
Apparatus
in Renal Cortex
Hemoglobin
Heme Group
Sickle Cell Anemia
Incomplete Dominance:
SS, Ss, ss
Sickle Cell Anemia
Pernicious Anemia
Iron Deficiency Anemia
RBC Poikilocytosis
Hemoglobin Recycled
RBC Morphology and Function
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Size
Shape
Color
Number
Functions
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Gas Transport
 O2
 CO2
Buffer
RBCs
RBCs
Blood Tubes
Blood Smear Prep
Cytology Stains
Hematocrit
Hematocrit Equipment
RBC Problems: Anemia
RBC Problems: Parasites
Genetic Factors for
Major Blood Types
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Blood Groups are due
to CH20 on RBC
surfaces
Co-Dominant
Inheritance pattern of
alleles A, B, i
Carbohydrates
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A allele  galactosamine
B allele  galactose
AB alleles both sugars
ABO Antigen groups
Blood Type A: Subtypes
A-1
A-2
Plasma Antibodies
Plasma Antibodies
Agglutinins & Agglutinogens
Agglutination
Blood Typing
Blood Typing
Individual Results
Blood Typing Results
Compared
Rh factor : D antigen
Blood Transfusion
Blood Donors and Recipients
WBCs
Leukocytes
WBC Development
Granulocytes and
Agranulocytes
WBC percentages
Granulocytes
Granulocyte Formation
Granulocytes
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Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Nucleus
Granules
Size
Number
Function
RBM: Neutrophils
Neutrophils : PMNs
Neutrophil
PMN Comparison
“Old” Neutrophils
Eosinophil ID:
Eosinophils
Eosinophils
Monocyte
Basophils
Basophil
Basophils in Animals
Mast Cells
Eosinophil and Basophil
Compared
Neutrophil and Eosinophil
Compared
Agranulocyte Formation
Agranulocytes
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Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Size
Shape
Number
Function
Monocyte ID
Monocytes
Monocyte variations
Macrophages
WBC Cell Lines: Lymphoid
Lymphocytes
Lymphocyte
Agranulocytes Compared
WBC Summary
Diapedesis
Chemotaxis
WBC Defenses
WBC Differential
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Count 100 WBC
Classify based on
characteristics
Compare to normal %
Function of WBC
Parameter changes
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Stress
Viral
Bacterial
Parasitic
WBC count
Malaria
trophozoite
Megakaryocyte
Platelet Formation
Platelets
Platelet Function
Platelet Function = Plug
Formed Element Summary
Lab Values: Hematology
Hemostasis Definition
Hemostasis Steps
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Vasoconstriction
Platelet Plug
Coagulation
Fibrinolysis
Vascular Spasm
Platelet Plug Examples
Primary Hemostasis Phases
Platelet Receptors
Coagulation Overview
Clotting Proteins
Clotting Factors
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Numbered I – XII
Most synthesized by
liver
Inactive until activated
Some factors based on
Vitamin K
Ca++ required for most
activation steps
Found in the plasma
Pathways
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Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Common
Extrinsic Pathway of
Coagulation
of Coagulation
Common Pathway of
Coagulation
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Factor X  Xa
Xa  Prothrombin
Prothrombin 
Thrombin
Thrombin  Fibrinogen
Fibrinogen  Fibrin-s
Fibrin-s  Fibrin –i
Clot stabilization
Fibrin Blood Clot
Fibrinolysis
Hemostasis Review
Coagulation Cascade
Clinical Tests and Monitoring
Blood Tests
Blood ID Practice
Summary
Immune Reactions
Other Blood Problems
Questions?