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IMMUNITY Lat. immunitas – freedom from Immune system LEVELS OF IMMUNE RESPONSE external barriers INNATE IMMUNITY phagocytic cells IF NOT! humoral SPECIFIC IMMUNITY cell-mediated EXAMPLE CELLS OF SPECIFIC IMMUNITY ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS Macrophages (bacteria) Dendritic cells (viruses) Phagocyte and degrade In tissues Display on cell surface Enter lymph B lymphocytes (toxins) cytokines, type of presenting cell In lymph nodes Humoral or cell-mediated immune response DECISION Interaction with T helper cells HUMORAL OR CELL MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSE? BACTERIA HUMORAL RESPONSE B cells VIRUSES CELLMEDIATED RESPONSE Cytotoxic T cells HUMORAL IMMUNITY B cells – develop in bone marrow – blood, lymph, lymph nodes Antigen-presenting cell – lymph node – interaction with T helper cells Primary follicle with resting B lymphocytes INTERACTION OF T HELPER CELL AND RESTING B LYMPHOCYTES Secondary follicle with activated B lymphocytes Plasma cells Secrete immunoglobulins Memory B cells Circulate IMMUNOGLOBULINS Five classes – IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM Lymph node – circulation – inflamed tissue – recognition of antigen – activation of complement system Opsonizing antigen Enhancing inflammation CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY T cells – development in bone marrow and thymus Selection Differentiation T helper cells T cytotoxic cells Circulate Circulate CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY Antigen-presenting cell – lymph node – interaction with T helper cells Resting cytotoxic T cells INTERACTION OF T HELPER CELL AND RESTING CYTOTOXIC T CELL Activated and multiplied cytotoxic T cells enter blood and lymph In inflamed tissue Recognition and lysis of cells infected with viruses REFERENCES Roitt, Delves Roitt's Essential Immunology, 10th edition Andreis, Batinić, Čulo, Grčević, Lukinović-Škudar, Marušić, Taradi, Višnjić Imunologija, 7. izdanje