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TTM4142 Networked Multimedia
Systems
Multimedia Learning
Panels are based on Chapter 8 of ’Multimedia
Applications’ by R Steinmetz and C Nahrstedt
Leif Arne Rønningen
Autumn 2008
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Idealized learning and teaching process
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Multimedia Learning Software can
facilitate learning in several ways
• Multicodality
– How information is coded
– Video, image, text,,,,,,
• Multimodality
– Which senses activated
• Dynamics
– Discrete medium
• Still image, text
– Continuous medium
• Video, animated graphics
• Interactivity
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Role of Computer as
• Learning object – learning the computer’s technology
• Learning tool – make drawings, make pp, write text
• Learning medium – teaching functions, present info, motivate, control
activity and achievements
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Learning Software Programs
• Drill and tutorial programs
– Review-exercises and practical applicaiton
• Test software
– Test knowledge, e.g., by multiple-shoice
• Tutorial systems – Computer-based training (CBT)
– Complete learning system
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Learning Environments
• Animations and simulations
• Problem-solving environments
– Action strategies, reasoning, decisions
• Learning games and edutainment
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Learning Theories
• Behaviorism
– Classical conditioning, stimulus (input) –> observable behavior (output)
unaware of the cognitive process (Pavlov)
– Operant behavior (Skinner)
• Cognitivism
– Input – brain cognitive processing – output (Piaget)
– Learning programs act as tutors
• Constructivism
– Individual construction from experience, of the perspective of the world,
– Simulations
– Micro Worlds
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Trends and Current Developments
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Focus on the learners and the learning
Cooperation with other learners, tutors, teachers and experts
Flexible and long-life learning
Learning methods, media preparation of the learning content
Learning with Hypermedia
• WWW
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Hypermedia documents with links, individual choice
Browsing, individual choice
Learner is active
Motivating, increased learning
Fun, but no learning, overstimulation
Adaptive Learning Systems
• Adapt to user differences, skills, knowledge and
preferences, uses results from artificial intelligence
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• Intelligent Tutorial Systems – ITS
– Learner behavior model
– Guide the learner through learning towards a goal
– Didactic component decides teaching principles
• Adaptive Hypermedia Systems – AHS
– Model about objectives, desires and preferences, adapts
to the user
– Adaptive hypermedia explorative tools
– May include ITS functions, but is applicable to other
than learning
Intelligent Tutorial Systems - ITS
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Adaptive Hypermedia Systems - AHS
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Other
• Telelearning - learning over a distance (network)
• Computer-supported Cooperative Learning
– Learning software, interactivity, limited navigation, not much feedback to
user
– Could be used with videoconferencing or e-mail
– Networked or local
– Individual or group
• eLearning standards
– Several organisations
– The meta-data scheme LOM – Learning Object Metadata, XML-based
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Cooperative Learning
• Discuss the pros and cons of the three learning theories, Behaviorism,
Cognitivism and Constructivism. What about applying a combination?
• What type of learning system is the ’Thora simulator’?
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