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WORLD RELIGIONS A Look at the Way the World Prays World Religions Lets look at the Abrahamic Religions first. Target: I can describe the beliefs of Christianity Vocabulary: Catholic-largest Christian group Protestant-non catholic christian Christianity Supreme Being? God/ Yaweh/Jesus Where did it begin? Palestine, modern day Middle East (Israel) Symbols? Major Beliefs Based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ Believe that Jesus was the son of God who came and died for people’s sins and then rose so that all people could be saved Believe in one God(monotheistic) who created the universe and all things in it Christian Way of Life Fellowship with God relationships with others Obedience to God's commands prayer Attending church CHRISTIANITY The two main segments of Christianity are Catholics and Protestants. Comparing Christianity and Judaism Christianity Judaism Socrative Two ways to do this: Download socrative app or www.socrative.com go to: Student login Room:26EF20BA ENTER YOUR NAME World Religions Target: I can identify the five major religions of the world Key Vocab: 1.Monotheistic 2.Polytheistic 3. Abrahamic 4. Dharmic What is religion and why study it? Purpose of Religion? ◦ To explain ◦ To get to heaven ◦ To do good ◦ To give life meaning ◦ Law and order ◦ Why is it important? ◦ Religion has shaped history for thousands of years. ◦ It is okay to learn about religions not your own. ◦ You do not, and should not, agree with all beliefs, but you should be respectful of them. What are the types of religions? Monotheistic-believe in one god Polytheistic-believe in more than one god There are 5 major world religions Think about this………… Can you name the 5 major religions of the world? PRIMARY WORLD RELIGIONS ISLAM JUDAISM HINDUISM BUDDHISM CHRISTIANITY Activity: (3 minutes) Order by “popularity” (size of membership) Hinduism Christianity Islam Buddhism Judaism World Religion Membership Religion Member World Population Christianity 2 Billion + Islam 1.2 Billion + Hinduism 785 Million Buddhism 350 Million Judaism 17 Million (WHY?) The Two major groups of Religions Abrahamic Religions Ex: Islam, Christianity, & Judaism Founder was Abraham Dharmic Religions Ex: Hinduism & Buddhism Began in Asia Judaism Founder/Supreme Being the God of the ancient Israelites or Yahweh established a divine covenant with Abraham, making him the patriarch of many nations. The term Abrahamic Religions is derived from his name. These are the three or four major religions which trace their roots back to Abraham: Judaism, Christianity, Islam JUDAISM’s Origin The second oldest faith among the major religions of the world is Judaism, or Jewish. The Jews or “Hebrews”have been around for thousands of years. Judaism began in what is today Israel in the Middle East. Holy Text Jews’ sacred literature is the Torah. It is the Old Testament of the Bible. They do not use the New Testament. JUDAISM The menorah is a symbol of the Jewish religion. So is the star of David. JUDAISM Beliefs Jews were first to believe in one God and are waiting for the Messiah or chosen one. Jews follow their laws and traditions. Jews practice many traditions including prayer and fasting. They read from the torah JUDAISM: Practices A Jewish place of A Jewish church leader worship is called a is called a rabbi. synagogue. Jews have many laws Jewish ceremonies and traditions, including are often performed eating Kosher food. in Hebrew. Beliefs Observation of the weekly Sabbath as a day of rest, starting at sundown on Friday evening. following the laws in all areas of life Passing down Jewish traditions celebrating the annual festivals including: Passover, or Pesach is held each Spring to recall the Jews' deliverance out of slavery in Egypt Hanukkah or the Feast of Lights is an 8 day feast of dedication. Barmitzvah-coming of age rituals Current location Jerusalem: The Holy City 8/17/15 Target: I can describe the beliefs of Islam Vocab: Muslim Allah Review Time! 1. Why is Judaism and Christianity considered Abrahamic religions? 2. What is the Christian concept of the Trinity? 3. How do Christians achieve salvation? 4. Why do you think Christianity is the largest religion in the world? ISLAM Islam means: “submission to God” Supreme Being: Muslims worship the same God as Christians and Jews. They call him Allah, which is Arabic for “God”. Muslims are located mostly in the Middle East Islam was founded by the prophet Muhammad ISLAM The Muslim symbol is the crescent moon with a star. ISLAM The sacred text of Islam is the Koran ISLAM: Beliefs Monotheistic- “Allah” Islam is based on the life and teachings of Muhammad Muslims follow the teachings of the Koran Muslim’s are expected to follow the 5 Pillars of Faith 5 Pillars of Faith 1. Shahada-declaring your faith 2. salat-prayer 5 times a day. 3. zakat-giving to the poor 4. Siyam-fasting 5. hajj-making a pilgrimage to Mecca once in your life Practices of ISLAM A Muslim temple is called a mosque. A Muslim priest is called an imam. Reading the Koran Practicing the 5 pillars of faith. ISLAM Like Christians, Muslims are divided. The two main groups are Shi’a, (or Shi’ites), which make up about 90 percent of Muslims. The other sect is Sunni. Current Location: What is a Muslim extremist? What many people think about when they hear Islam or Muslim……….. The Extremists are remembered, while the true Muslims are condemned………. But we forget that Religious Extremists are in every religion…….. Comparing the 3 Abrahamic Religions Use your handouts to complete the activity. You can draw the symbols or use the following: C=Christianity I=Islam J=Judaism Exit 1. Monotheism means: a. Belief in one God b. Belief in many Gods c. Belief in no God 2. The Abrahamic religions are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam a. True b. False 3. A Mosque is a place of worship for: a. Jews b. Christians c. Muslims d. All of them 4. The rank of Islam in the top 5 major religions is: a. 1st b. 2nd c. 3rd d. 4th 5. All of the Abrahamic religions began in: a. Asia b. The Middle East c. Europe d. Africa Hinduism Target: I can describe the beliefs of Hinduism Vocab: Karma Reincarnation Nirvana HINDUISM Hinduism is the oldest of the 5 major religions. Hinduism is polytheisticbelief in many Gods differs from Christianity and other Hinduism monotheistic religions in that it does not have: •a single founder, •a single concept of God •a single holy text, •a single system of morality, •a central religious authority, •the concept of a prophet. Where did Hinduism begin? Hinduism began in India around 2000 B.C. What is Hinduism? Although it is not easy to define Hinduism, It is viewed as a religion that believes all life is sacred. HINDUISM supreme being Brahma is the senior God, and creator of the universe. HINDUISM Another main form of God for Hindus is Shiva, the protector. HINDUISM Vishnu is another form of God in the Hindu religion. He is the destroyer. HINDUISM This is symbol for Hinduism. Sacred Text The Vedas are a collection of ancient poems that describe Hindu Beliefs Beliefs Reincarnation is the belief that the soul repeatedly goes through a cycle of being born into a body, dying, and being reborn again in a new body. Karma, a force that determines the quality of each life, depending on how well one behaved in a past life. Hinduism says we create karma by our actions on earth. If you live a good life, you create good karma. If you live a bad life, you create bad karma. Beliefs Each time a Hindu soul is born into a better life, it has the opportunity to improve itself further, and get closer to ultimate liberation. This liberation is called Moksha. One attains Moksha when one has "overcome ignorance", and no longer desires anything at all. The ones who reach this state no longer struggle with the cycle of life and death. This “Nirvana” or enlightenment. The way to get to Moksha is to not create any bad karma. Caste System Whatever caste you’re born into you are in for the rest of your life. It served to keep the wealthy at the top and keep the have nots on the bottom. Higher castes don’t associate with lower castes because you can become unclean. Hindu Practices Each Hindu has 4 daily duties: Revere the deities (gods) Respect ancestors Respect all beings Honor all humankind Meditation Yoga HINDUISM The temple is where Hindus worship. Hinduism in the World Exit 1. Hinduism can be considered polytheistic a. true b. false 2. Hinduism began in: a. China b. India c. Middle East d. Africa 3. Hinduism is unlike the Abrahamic religions because there is nor central figure or prophet a. True b. False 4. Hinduism is the ________ largest religion in the world. a. 3rd b. 5th c. 2nd d. tied for 3rd 5. Hindu’s believe which of the following: a. All life is sacred b. People can achieve enlightenment c. Reincarnation is affected by Karma d. All of these BUDDHISM The most different of the five major religions is Buddhism. It is more a lifestyle that focuses on ending desire, thus ending suffering. BUDDHISM Buddhists don’t really worship a god – Some believe god is everywhere, and that when we end desire we are at peace with ourselves and nature. BUDDHISM Many people believe that Buddhists worship statues of Buddha, like the one at right. Not so. Buddhists work to end attachments and desire. BUDDHISM Buddhist priests are called lamas or monks. The Buddhist scriptures are called the Tripatakas, or three baskets. BUDDHISM Founder: Siddhartha AKA The 1st Buddha Born 563 BCE in modern Nepal Siddhartha was rich but unhappy. Lived as a poor person. Discovered that unhappiness & suffering come from attachments. Dalai Lama = Siddhartha Four Noble Truths • The truth of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness) • The truth of the origin of dukkha • The truth of the cessation of dukkha • The truth of the path leading to the cessation of dukkha Eight Fold Path • Right view: Viewing reality as it is, not just as it appears to be • Right intention: Intention of renunciation, freedom and harmlessness • Right speech: Speaking in a truthful and non-hurtful way • Right action: Acting in a non-harmful way • Right livelihood: A non-harmful livelihood • Right effort: Making an effort to improve • Right mindfulness: being aware of the present reality within oneself, without any craving or aversion • Right concentration: Correct meditation or concentration BUDDHISM One thing Buddhists and Hindus have in common is the belief in reincarnation. They believe you come back in a different form based on your actions in this life. BUDDHISM Samsara is defined as the continual repetitive cycle of birth and death that arises from ordinary beings' grasping and fixating on a self and experiences. Moksha or Nirvana is freedom, enlightenment & release from this cycle. BUDDHISM Most Buddhists live in Asian countries such as China. LETS REVIEW THE WORLD RELIGIONS What god does each religion believe in? What is the scripture for each religion? Match the religion with its place of worship Synagogue Church Cathedral Mosque Temple Muslim Protestant Jewish Catholic Buddhist & Hindu Match the term to the religion Priest, Bishop Monk, lama Imam Rabbi Minister, Reverend Guru Judaism Buddhism Protestant Hindu Catholic Muslim Match the geographic location to the religion Middle East Israel, Europe, U.S. N. & S. America, Europe Asia India U.S., Australia Protestant Muslim Jewish Hindu Catholic Buddhist What is the BIG difference between Christians and Jews and Muslims? HINT: J.C. How was each religion created? Judaism Catholicism Hinduism Protestant Buddhist Islam Abraham Jesus’ teachings unsure Protesting Catholicism Buddha Mohammed How does each religion view the afterlife? Which religions believe in reincarnation? Use this symbol for #’s 3 and 9