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Day 4
American Culture Prior to Civil War
Sectional Problems
Secession
The Civil War
American Culture
• Authors
o
o
o
o
Webster
Poe
Hawthorne
Dickinson
Sectional Problems
• Fugitive Slave Act
o
Northern states had to return slaves to southern
states when they were found
• Kansas-Nebraska Act
o
o
o
Kansas & Nebraska voted to be free or slave
states
This led to violence
The act was supposed to open the way for a
railroad to be built
• Compromise of 1850
o
Kept balance between slave states and free
states
Republican Party
• Formed to abolish slavery
Dred Scott Decision
• Slaves are property and can be
taken into northern states by their
owners
o
o
o
Slaves are not citizens
Slaves cannot sue
Once a slave always a slave
John Brown
• Raid at Harper’s Ferry to get guns
out of arsenal to give to slaves
• Led raids to oppose slavery
• He was hanged for treason
Secession
• South Carolina was first state to
secede
• West Virginia did not secede
• Alabama
Call for secession was led by William
Yancey
o Winston County Alabama did not
secede
o
Ft. Sumter
• First shots of Civil War were fired
Montgomery, Alabama & The
Confederacy
• Montgomery was first capital of the
Confederacy; it was later moved to
Richmond, VA
• Jefferson Davis was elected
president
• Constitution called for states rights
Civil War
Battles:
Bull Run
Vicksburg
Gettysburg
Sherman’s March
Lee’s Surrender
Cost of War
Civil War
Bull Run
Vicksburg
Gettysburg
Shermans March Lee’s Surrender
Confederate
victory here
proved to the
North that
defeating the
South was not
going to be
easy
North got
control of the
Miss. River
Turning point
of the war
Sherman led
Union troops
from ATL to
Savannah,
burning
everything
South started
retreating
Lincoln gave
“Gettysburg
Address” here
(“Four Score
and seven
years ago…”
Lee
surrendered
to Grant at
Appomatax
Courthouse,
VA
Cost of War
• A higher percentage of Americans
died during the Civil War than any
other in American history
• More died from disease than bullets
In the Meantime
While war was going on…….
Settling Land
• Homestead Act
o
o
1862
Free land if you agreed to the
provisions (live there for five years)
• Morrill-Land Grant
o
Gave land for colleges and schools
(Auburn)
Emancipation Proclamation
• Freed only the slaves in the
southern states (so basically did
nothing)
• Issued by President Lincoln
o
Lincoln had debated Stephen Douglas
on the issue of slavery prior to being
elected; Lincoln against slavery,
Douglas pro-slavery