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Georgia History CRCT Review Q: What form the barrier between the mainland and the ocean? A: Barrier Islands Name a region Georgia belongs to. A: South, Deep South, Southeast Q: What continent is Georgia located? A: North America Q: What two hemispheres is Georgia located in? A: Northern and Western Q: What are the 5 geographic regions of Georgia? A: Blue Ridge, Appalachian Plateau, Ridge and Valley, Coastal Plain, and Piedmont Q: Name this region: Located in the N.E. corner of Georgia, electricity created through hydroelectric power A: Blue Ridge Q: Name this region: Very poor farming due to sandy soil, located in the N.E. corner, Chickamauga, and Lookout Valley A: Appalachian Plateau Q: Name this region: rich soil, fruits, grains, and vegetables are grown here, textile and carpet manufacturing A: Ridge and Valley Q: Name this region: located in central Georgia, ½ the population lives here, Atlanta, Athens, Augusta, Columbus, Macon, A: Piedmont Q: Name this region: makes up almost half of the state, soybeans, peanuts, tobacco, onions, sweet potatoes, and watermelons are grown here, popular vacation destination (beach resorts). A: Coastal Plain Q: This is the prehistoric ocean line. It separates the Piedmont and Coastal Plain. There are many rivers and waterfalls located along it. A: The Fall Line Q: Name this landmark: Home to more than 400 species of animals, largest swamp in North America, National Wildlife Refuge. Helps to keep the ecosystem healthy. A: The Okefenokee Swamp Q: What region is the Okefenokee Swamp located in? A: Coastal Plain Q: Which region are the Appalachian Mountains located? A: Blue Ridge Q: The highest point in Georgia is ______ _______. A: Brasstown Bald Q: The _____ River forms the boundary between Georgia and South Carolina. A: Savannah Q: What country is Georgia located in? A: United States Q: Which region gets the most rain? A: Blue Ridge Q: Which two regions are most humid and tropical? A: Piedmont and Coastal Plain Q: Name the 3 interstates that go through Atlanta. A: 20, 75, and 85 Q: What is the name of the airport in Atlanta? A: Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport Q: The airport was named in part after Maynard Jackson Who was he? A: The first black mayor of a major southern city. Q: Where are the two deepwater ports located? A: Savannah and Brunswick Q: What is the state’s largest employer? A: Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport Q: Why was Georgia’s interstate highway system built? A: To move goods through the state. Q: The first humans came from what continent? A: Asia Q: They came in search of what? A: food, such as wooly mammoths, mastodons, caribou, and moose Q: The first inhabitants of North America came across the _____ _____. A: Bering Strait (Beringia) Q: What were the 4 prehistoric periods (in order)? A: Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian Q: Name the prehistoric period: Wooly mammoths, Ice Age, atlatl A: Paleo Q: Name the prehistoric period: big game animals became extinct, hunters and gatherers, spears, stone scrapers, pottery A: Archaic Q: Name this period: nomads, small villages, agriculture, wattle and daub homes, clothing from deerskin, tattooed and body paint, bow and arrow, burial mounds A: Mississippian Q: What crops were known as the Three Sisters? A: corn, squash, and beans Q: Who am I? He came to America in search of gold, he was the first European to see the interior of the southeast, he spread disease throughout the Native American population, died before finding any riches. A: Hernando de Soto Q: How did Queen Elizabeth I create British naval dominance? A: by conquering the Spanish Armada Q: Why were Spanish missions created? A: to spread Catholicism Q: Who am I? A British soldier, member of British Parliament, interested in prison reform, founder of Georgia A: James Oglethorpe Q: What type of colony did Georgia start out as? A: Trustee colony Q: What year was Georgia established? A: 1732 Q: Why was Georgia created? A: To give the poor a new start and to allow religious freedom Q: True or False: According to the Charter of 1732, trustees could not hold office or land in Georgia. A: True Q: Who am I? Chief of the Yamacraw Indians, played an important role in creating peace between the Europeans and Native Americans in Georgia A: Tomochichi Q: Who am I? daughter of an English trader and a Creek Indian who used her British and Native American heritage to protect the Native Americans A: Mary Musgrove Q: A group of Protestants who were expelled from Austria because they were not Catholic. King George II allowed them to move to Georgia. A: Salzburgers Q: Where in Georgia did the Salburgers settle? A: Ebenezer Q: Who were they? Scottish settlers who moved to Georgia. They founded Darien. They asked the trustees to keep the ban on slavery. A: Highland Scots Q: Who were they? A group of Scottish settlers who opposed the ban on slavery. A: Malcontents Q: What was the name of the fort that was designed to protect Georgia’s southeastern border? A: Fort Frederica Q: Georgia began as a ______ colony, but it ended as a _______ colony. A: Trustee, Royal Q: True or False. Slavery was allowed during the beginning of the Trustee period but not the end. A: False. It was prohibited until 1750. Q: What crop was produced in the royal period? A: Rice Q: What happened to Georgia in 1752? A: It became a royal colony. Q: Why were landowners during the royal colony time frame required to have a servant or farm member for every 50 acres of land? A: To ensure defense of the land. Q: The French and Indian War was between what two countries? A: France and Great Britain Q: What did the Proclamation of 1763 do for the Native Americans? A: It reserved land west of the Appalachian Mountains for Native American tribes. Colonists in this area were forced to leave. Q: What act set a tax on all legal documents, permits, commercial contacts, newspapers, pamphlets, and playing cards? A: The Stamp Act of 1765 Q: The four laws passed as a result of the Boston Tea Party were the _________ Acts. A: Intolerable Q: What were the four laws? A: closed the Boston Harbor, cancelled the Massachusetts royal charter, allowed British officials charged with offenses in the colonies to be tried in England, and the fourth allowed British troops to live in colonists’ homes Q: Why did the British tax goods in the colonies? A: To pay back war debt Q: List in order the following events: Stamp Act, Sugar Act, Intolerable Acts, Second Continental Congress A: Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Intolerable Acts, Second Continental Congress Q: What document was approved at the Second Continental Congress? A: Declaration of Independence Q: There were three signers from Georgia. Who were they? A: Lyman Hall, Button Gwinnett, George Walton Q: The colonist who rebelled against British rule were called ______. A: Patriots Q:The colonists that were loyal to Britain were called ______. A: Loyalists Q: Name this Revolutionary figure: leader at the Battle of Kettle Creek, patriot, A: Elijah Clarke Q: Name this Revolutionary figure: A slave who fought in the war. Was severely wounded after being shot in the leg at the Battle of Kettle Creek. Was awarded freedom and land. A: Austin Dabney Q: Name this female Revolutionary hero: spy and faithful patriot. She held a group of Tories at musket point until help arrived. A: Nancy Hart Q: In February of 1779, Georgia’s patriot militia (made up of civilians, not professional soldiers) won a key victory at the battle of ______ ______. A: Kettle Creek Q: The Siege of _________ ended with the French navy sailing away and Lincoln’s troops withdrawing in defeat. A: Savannah Q: What country was an ally to the Patriots during the Siege of Savannah? A: France Q: The first state Constitution was written in _____? A: 1777 Q: The Articles of Confederation created one body, called _____, with authority over all the colonies. A: Congress Q: True or False: The Articles of Confederation did not give Congress the power to tax the states. A: True Q: What document was written at the Constitutional Convention of 1787? A: Constitution of the United States of America Q: The _____ _____ created a bicameral Congress, one with 2 houses. A: Great Compromise Q: The number of people in the House of Representatives would be decided by the ________ of each state. A: population Q: In the Senate, each state has __ representatives. A: 2 Q: What fraction of slaves would be counted toward representation? A: three-fifths Q: Abraham Baldwin and William Few signed the ________. A: The Constitution Q: Georgia was the ___ state to ratify the Constitution. A: 4th Q: The Bill of Rights is the first __ amendments. A: 10 Q: The freedom of speech, religion, and the press were guaranteed in which amendment of the Constitution? A: 1st Q: What was the first public university in the U.S.? It was the first school open to lower income people. A: The University of Geogia Q: After the Revolutionary War, the state’s capital was moved to ______. A: Louisville Q: True or False: The Second Great Awakening was a political movement. A: False. It was a religious revival. Q: True or False: The Georgia Baptist Convention unified Baptists under one organization. A:True Q: What Georgia religious group used camp meeting grounds the most? A: Methodists Q: The _______ _______ granted between 200 and 1000 acres of land to the heads of families. A: Headright System Q: As part of the agreement that reversed the Yazoo land sale, the US government promised to help remove the remaining ____ Indians. A: Creek Q: The ____ _____ was restricted to white men, orphans, and widows. Under this system Georgians paid an average of 7 cents per acre. A: land lottery Q: The ____ ____ was invented by Eli Whitney. It was a machine that removed the seeds from cotton. A: cotton gin Q: Which Georgia governor signed the Yazoo Act? A: George Matthews Q: Who am I? Son of a European settler and a Creek Indian. Worked to centralize power within Creek society and to protect Creek lands more effectiviely. A: Alexander McGillivray Q: Who am I? son of a European settler and a Native American. Created a police force, written laws, and a National Assembly for Creek Nation. A: William McIntosh Q: Which tribe adopted a republican government, a syllabary, and adapted the quickest to the European ways? A: Cherokee Indians Q: Who created the Cherokee syllabary allowing the Cherokee to read and write? A: Sequoyah Q: Who was the principal chief of the Cherokee? A: John Ross Q: What was discovered in Dahlonega in 1829 increasing the desire of the settlers for the removal of Native Americans from this region? A: gold Q: Who was president? He pushed an Indian Removal Bill through Congress. A: Andrew Jackson Q: Who am I? Chief justice of the Supreme Court that decided the Cherokee were a “domestic dependent nation” A: John Marshall Q: _____ vs. Georgia decided that the Cherokee were a sovereign nation, which should be allowed to rule itself. Georgia refused to recognize the ruling. A: Worchester Q: The removal of the Cherokee Indians to Oklahoma is known as ____ _____ __ _____. A: The Trail of Tears Q: What is the belief that states are sovereign, subject to no higher power than the Constitution, known as? The South favored it. A: states’ rights Q: The ____ War was fought over the issue of secession. A: Civil Q: The __________ Compromise decided that Maine would be admitted as a free state and Missouri would be admitted as a _____ state. A: Missouri, slave Q: The Compromise of 1850 allowed California to enter the Union as a ____ state. In return, Congress enacted the _____ Slave Law. A: free, Fugitive Q: What was the Fugitive Slave Law? A: It required all free states to return escaped slaves to their owners in southern states. Q: The ______ _______ wanted the North to support the Fugitive Slave Act and to stop trying to ban slavery in new states. A: Georgia Platform Q: Alexander ______ was one of three representatives from Georgia who supported the Union A: Stephens Q: When the territories of Kansas and Nebraska were created, voters would decide whether _____ would be permitted. A: slavery Q: When abolitionists and those in favor of slavery rushed to Kansas, their raids were so savage that the area became known as “______ Kansas”. A: Bleeding Q: Missouri’s law stated than once a man was free for any amount of time, he was free for life. ____ ____ went to court in Missouri to win his freedom. The Supreme Court ruled against him. A: Dred Scott Q: After the Dred Scott case, a new political party was created. Which party was it? A: Republican Q: What stance on slavery did the party take? A: It was anti-slavery Q: Who was the first Republican candidate? A: Abraham Lincoln Q: Abraham Lincoln won the Election of ____ without support of the southern states. A: 1860 Q: _____ is the withdrawal of a state from the Union. A: Secession Q: The Battle of ____ was one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War. The Union stopped the Confederate army from advancing to Washington, D.C.. Lee’s army was able to escape to Virginia. A: Antietam Q: The ________ _______ announced the emancipation of slaves. A: Emancipation Proclamation Q: Why did the Confederate government believe it held no power? A: They had already seceded the Union and no longer had to follow Union laws. Q: The Battle of _____ was the greatest battle ever fought on the continent of North America. The Confederate army retreated. Q: Gettysburg Q: The Gettysburg _____, given by Lincoln, urged the North to win the war in order to preserve the Union and the democratic ideals. A small portion of the battlefield was dedicated to fallen soldiers. A: Address Q: The Battle of ______ was considered a Confederate victory because they were able to keep the Union in Chattanooga rather than letting them proceed into Georgia. The Union captured Chattanooga however. A: Chickamauga Q: In Sherman’s ______ to the Sea, General Sherman’s troops burned Atlanta to the ground and destroyed everything in their path from Georgia to South Carolina. A: March Q: What was the name of the Confederate prison in Georgia used to house Union soldiers? A: Andersonville Q: The _____ Bureau helped enslaved people. It provided food and clothing, and built schools for African Americans. A: Freedmen’s Q: _______ is when a person plants crops on a landowner’s land and paid the landowner a share of the profit. This was the most commonly used agricultural working relationship between whites and African Americans in the South. A: sharecropping Q: Which amendment officially ended slavery? A: The 13th Q: The 14th Amendment defines U.S. citizenship and includes newly freed _____. A: slaves Q: Which amendment states that the right to vote cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude? A: The 15th Amendment Q: At this time, what was the voting age? A: 21 Q: True or False: At this time, women could NOT vote. A: True Q: Renting small plots of land to individual farmers was called _____ farming. A: tenant Q: In order to be let back into the Union, ___% of the voting population had to promise to be loyal to the Union. The state also had to outlaw ______. A: 10, slavery Q: Who was Henry McNeal Turner? A: He was an African American elected to Georgia’s legislature. Q: The ___ ____ ____ was a terrorist group that targeted blacks and often went out in robes and hoods. A: Ku Klux Klan Q: _____ Democrats were conservative Democrats. A: Bourbon Q: Who were the 3 members of the Bourbon Triumvirate? A: Alfred Colquitt, Joseph Brown, and John Gordon. Q: They wanted Georgia’s economy to be industrialized, not based solely on _______. A: agriculture Q:Who was the “Spokesman of the New South”? He encouraged northern investors to develop industries in Georgia. A: Henry Grady Q: The _____ _____ was a fair to bring money to Atlanta’s cotton textile business. A: Cotton Exposition Q: Who was the leader of the People’s Party? A: Tom Watson Q: The Populists’ were groups of _____. A: farmers Q: Rebecca Latimer Felton helped women win the right to ______. She helped instate _____. She was the first women to serve in the U.S. _____. A: vote, prohibition, Senate Q: The Atlanta Riot of ____ was a string of violent events by whites against African Americans. Dozens of African Americans were killed. A: 1906 Q: What rumors started these riots? A: African men were attacking white women Q: ____ ____ was a Jewish man from Georgia who was lynched by a mob because of anti-Semitism even after an overturned guilty verdict in a trial for murdering a young girl he worked with. A: Leo Frank Q: